Objective To understand the status and developmental trends of the research on anterolateral thigh flap. Methods The PubMed search was downloaded and the results were imported into the EndNote database,then the distribution was analysed by age,nation,language,periodical and frequency.Results There were 236 articles on anterolateral thigh flap in PubMed from 1996 to August 2006.The amount of articles multiply increased from 2002 to August 2006,at eighty percent of all.They were published in 8 languages,in 47 journals and from 9 countries.China and the USA are the major countries of the publication,with 77 articles each,which altogether took up 65.2% of the total.Words of a high frequency are as follows: free skip flap,island skin flap,ultrathin skin flap,perforating artery,and descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery,the frequency ratio of which is up to 97.46%.Conclusion The papers on anterolateral thigh flap are written mainly by China and USA;English is the main publishing language;The articles are chiefly published by Plast Reconstr Surg and other 8 journals.The research emphases of the anterolateral thigh flap are on free skip flap,perforating flap,ultrathin skin flap,and island flap.Angiography and 3D-reconstruction are the recent techniques for the research.

Due to the particularity of marine ecological environment, many marine lives have developed and accumulated a large amount of biological molecules with special chemical structures and physiological activities, representing an important resource for the development of marine drugs. Generally, the marine antibacterial proteins are mainly identified from the marine microorganisms, invertebrates and fish.In this review, the progresses on marine antibacterial peptides and antimicrobial activity proteins are briefly summarized.

Objective To isolate and identify pancreatic stem cells of Kunming mouse and to observe the differentiation potency of those cells. Methods Pancreas of postnatal Kunming mice were digested by enzymes to isolate pancreatic stem cells. The potency of the cell differentiation was then identified with special marker of cytokeratin 19(CK 19), insulin and glucagons by immunocytochemical staining. Results Few epithelioid cells could be found to survive at the beginning of isolation, but when medium was replaced by that with growth factor, the cells proliferated quickly in fusiform shape and formed colony gradually. The cells were CK 19 immunoreactive positive after transfer of culture. After differentiation induced by high glucose, the cells formed the pancreatic islet like structures. Immunocytochemical staining showed that part of the cells of pancreatic islet like structures were insulin immunoreactive positive and few of the cells were glucagon immunoreactive positive. Conclusion Pancreatic stem cells of Kumming mouse can proliferate when cultured in vitro and have the potency of differentiation into ? and? cells of pancreatic islet.

It was bound to think highly of its teaching reform,because our college has in-creased the recruitment of foreign students since 2006.Based on teachers'English level,foreign students'own qualities,discrepancy between teaching mode as well as proper characteristic of preclinical medicine curriculum,the problems were investigated and the corresponding solutions have been sought in the phase of preclinical medicine.

Objective To determine the anatomical basis of an algorithm to safely elevate the deep circumflex iliac artery osteocutaneous perforator(DCIAP) flap. Methods 1.Six unfixed corpses underwent whole body gelatine/lead oxide injection.Specimens were dissected by layers.Angiography and photography were used to document the precise course,size,location,and type of individual perforators in the lateral lumbar region.The surface areas of cutaneous territories and perforator zones were measured and calculated with Photoshop and Scion Image.2.One specimen also underwent whole body carboxymethylcellulose/lead oxide injection,CT scan and 3D-Reconstrution. Results An average of 1.6 DCIA perforators with a diameter of 0.7mm was present in 92% of specimens.Perforators were located 5～10 cm posterior to the anterior superior iliac spine,12～35mm above the crest,with a perforator zone of 31 cm~2.The DCIA reliably perfused the medial aspect of the iliac crest.Conclusion The DCIA reliably perfused the medial aspect of the iliac crest and lateral lumbar region.It offers a large quantity of bone on a pedicle of large diameter.The mobility of the skin component allows better tissue positioning during complex reconstructions.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of sulfated Gastrodia elata polysaccharides (GEPS) on the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by corticosterone (CORT).Methods: After modifying GEP chemically, GEPS was obtained.PC12 cells were pretreated with GEPS (0, 250, 500 and 1 000 μg·ml-1) for 30 min before cultivating with CORT for 48 h.The cellular viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and morphological observation were determined respectively by CCK-8 assay, LDH assay, inverted microscope and DAPI fluorescein stain method.Results: With the pretreatment of GEPS, the survival rate of PC12 cells increased significantly (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with CORT injured group, GEPS attenuated the release of LDH with statistical significance (P<0.05), and LDH leakage decreased with the concentration of increase GEPS.Under an inverted microscope, PC12 cells incubated with CORT became shrinkage, and aggregated with decreased diopter and bad adhesion,and lots of cells floated.However, with the pretreatment of GEPS, the living status of PC12 cells improved markedly.Compared with CORT injured group, GEPS obviously reduced the apoptosis of PC12 cells.Conclusion: GEPS exhibits protective effects on the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by CORT, while when compared with GEP, GEPS shows the similar effects.The other bioactivities of GEPS need further studies.

Objective To study the anastomotic relationships of perforators in each zone of the poste-rior leg and design perforating flaps for clinic. Methods Six fresh cadavers underwent a whole body, intra-arterial injection of a lead oxide and gelatine preparation. The posterior part of leg is divided into upper, mid-die and below equal parts, Observe topography of the perforating branches in every district by layer, and mea-sured their location, diameter, course, branches and anastomosis pattern. Radiographs of tissue specimens were digitally analyzed. Results There were 13 perforators that diameter≥ 0.5 mm, the average external diameter was 0.8 mm. The areas of each perforator supplied was average 38 cm2. Perforators from popliteal artery was identified an area 4 cm wide, around the intersection of two lines, a line drawn between the medial and lateral epicondyles of the femurs, and the midline of posterior leg. The areas of the every perforator sup-plied was 55 cm2. These vessels were large in diameter and create multiple true anastomoses with the perfora-tors from the posterior tibial artery or fibular artery. Perforating branches were small in the below part, a long perforator chain comprised of two to three perforators accompanies the Achilles tendon. Conclusion The perforator flaps deviced by perforators from the posterior leg may be transplanted to the lower limbs and the other part of the body. The perforators located in the middle zone of the leg are larger. Free posterior tibial or peroneal perforator-based flaps are reliable, relatively large, and have thin flaps. The upper and lower zones were the larger donor site for the proximal or distally pedicled perforator flap harvest.

Objective;To explore the regulative effect of perceived social support between personality and mental health.Methods;With Perceived Social Support Scale,NEO Five Factor Inventory and General Health Questionnaire-GHQ 20,1800 college students from 9 Hunan colleges and universities were inverstigated.Results;①Significant positive correlation existed between the factors of GHQ-20 and NEO-N,while significant negative correlation between the factors of GHQ-20 and NEO-E,NEO-C and all factors of perceived social support;perceived social support and its factors had significant negative correlation with NEO-N,while significant positive correlation with NEO-E and NEO-C.②There was significant interaction effects between perceived social support and personality existing in mental health.Conclusion;Students' perceived social support play a regulative role between personality and mental health.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; Sarcoma ; secondary

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of clinical rotation training in pain department for general practitioner.Methods Totally 31 general practitioners of 3 years program in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were involved in clinical rotation training in pain department form August 2008 to December 2011.Training lasted for one month.Clinical rotation training in pain department was conducted for general practitioners by studying rules and regulations,treatment methods,imaging data and clinical practice.Evaluation was made according to the treatment,theoretical knowledge,interpersonal skill and professional competency of general practitioners.Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ((-x) ± s) while enumeration data were expressed as rate.Descriptive analysis of the data was used.Results Average total number of patients managed by 31 general practitioners was (15 ± 2),average total number of disease species was (5 ±2),average number of case discussion and small lecture participated was 1 ～2,average number of nerve block participated as assistant was (40 ± 5) and average number of minimally invasive surgery visited and studied was (2 ± 2).Residency duties were skillfully completed and assessment score was (85 ± 4.50).Conclusions Through clinical rotation training,general practitioners can understand common disease diagnosis and treatment category; familiarize clinical evaluation methods and master standards of diagnosis and treatment in pain department.Meanwhile,they would learn doctor-patient communication to establish a good therapeutic relationship with patients.