Objective To investigate the effect of m il d hypothermia on the content of Ca 2+、Mg 2+、EAA in rat brain tissue and ET in plasma after acute cerebral infarction. Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into trial group and control group. Using the method of reformed line-thrombosis,the cerebral in farction models were established. The rats in the trial-group were cooled by mi ld hypothermia for half an hour, while those in the control group were subjected to no disposal. Every group was divided into 4 sub-groups according to the pos t-infarction disposal time. Every sub-group was composed of 6 SD rats and kill ed at the time points of 1 hour,2 hour,4 hour and 8 hour after infarction, respe ctively. Then the content of Ca 2+、Mg 2+、EAA in rat brain tissue an d ET in plasma were measured. ResultsThe post-infar ction content of Ca 2+、EAA and ET of trial-group increased mildly and Mg 2+ reduced very little. There was a significant statistical difference bet ween the trial group and the control group. Conclusion Mild hypothermia may significantly reverse the increase of the content of Ca 2+ and EAA and the fall of Mg 2+ and the increment of ET in plasma as well after acute cerebral infarction in experimental animals. So as a result, m ild hypothermia possesses protective effect on brain.

Humans ; Vision Disorders/etiology* ; Visual Acuity

Objective To investigate the effects of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) RNAi on the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the DNA damage in glioma cells.Methods Glioma cells of the line U251 cells were cultured and transfected with STAT3 RNAi plasmid (pSilencer2.1-STAT3,STAT3 group) and pSilencer2.1-GFP (GFP control group) respectively.Part of the U251 cells were irradiated with γ-rays of 60Co as positive control group of smear phenomenon.The levels of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cells were detected 24,48,and 72 h later by flow cytometry and fluorescence chamoluminescence analyzer,respectively.The DNA damage in the transfected U251 cells was examined by using single cell gel electrophoresis assay,and the cell cycle distribution was examined using FACS PI staining 12,24,and 36 h later.Results At 24 h after the transfection,the ROS level of the siSTAT3-transfected ceils was 8.91 times that of the control group (F = 89.296,P < 0.05),and returned to the normal level 48 h later.There were not significant differences in the MDA level of the cells 24,48,and 72 h later between the siSTAT3 group and siGFP group.Compared with the 8 Gy irradiation positive group with obvious smear phenomenon,smear phenomenon was shown in part of the ceils in the siSTAT3 group 6 h later,became less 12 h later,and disappeared completely 24 h later.Compared with the control group,lag of S stage rate was 17.22% and the lag of G2/M stage rate was 6.4% 12 h later in the siSTAT-transfected group,and the G0/G1 stage lag rate was 18.44% 24 h later,and the lag of S stage rate was 17.99% 36 h later.Conclusions Inhibition of STAT3 results in the change of oxidoreduction status in glioma cells,as well as damage and reparation of DNA.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of harvesting and using the lungs of cardiac death donor.Methods The lungs from donation after cardiac death (DCD) were harvested and used for lung transplantation.The donors suffered from severe craniocerebral trauma or brain neoplasms and were identified after cardiac death post declaration of brain death.Written consent about DCD was obtained from the consanguinities.The donor lungs were harvested after clinical evaluation of donors with considerable function and after the determination of DCD.The preoperative lymphocytotoxic cross match test was negative,ABO blood type was compatible,and the donors were all suitable for the transplant procedure.Results Two bilateral lung transplantations and one single lung transplantation were performed,with the warm ischemic time being 23,27,and 32 min,respectively.The operative course was uneventful The ICU stay was 31,18,and 26 days respectively,with dramatic improvement of pulmonary function postoperatively.Acute rejection occurred in two cases,which was treated with bolus of corticoids.There were no infection in our 3 patients,and the life quality was satisfactory during the follow-up period.Conclusion The lung from DCD may be one of the available resources used for lung transplantation on the basis of efficient management of the potential donors and clear evaluation of the donors.

· AIM: To summarize the clinical features of Chinese primary congenital glaucoma and to investigate the discrepancies of the clinical features between the Chinese and Indian patients.congenital glaucoma patients were reviewed. The clinical features were summarized as several quantifiable clinical parameters and the severity of the disease was evaluated. Both the quantified clinical features and severity were statistically compared with those of the Indian patients, which were cited from the previous published articles.included in the study. In Chinese patients, sex ratio (male to female )was about 2:1, family history was presented in 3 patients (7.5%) and consanguinity was found in one patient (2.5%). The main symptoms and signs observed in Chinese patients spanned a wide spectrum of manifestations. The most frequent signs noted on the initial examination were enlarged eyeball (42.5%) and decreased visual acuity (35.0%). Compared with Indian patients, Chinese patients had a later onset, a delayed diagnosis, more severe corneal changes and more severe optic nerve damages (P＜0.01). The combined tabeculectomy and trabeculotomy operation was preferred by both Chinese and Indian doctors whereas a higher proportion of Indian patients received the combined operation (P＜0.01). The proportions of the severity grade were different between Chinese and Indian patients. Most Chinese patients were in the severe grade while most Indian patients were in the very severe grade (P＜0.01).patients were sporadic and non-consanguineous.Compared with Indian patients, Chinese patients had a relative later onset, a delayed diagnosis and treatment.More attempts are needed in Chinese PCG prevention and treatment.

Objective To investigate the role of C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells(RPMCs). Methods RPMCs were harvested from the peritoneum of male Sprague-Dawley rats, then cultured in DMEM/F12 medium with 15% (V/V) FBS. After stimulation with TGF-β1, the expression of a-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), E-cadherin and collagen I were detected in RPMCs. In some groups, the ceils were pretreated with SP600125, a specific inhibitor of JNK, for 4 hours before incubation with TGF-β1. The protein expression of phosphorylated JNK was detected by Western blotting. The mRNA and protein expression ofα-SMA, E-cadherin and collagen I were examined with RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively.The intracellular distribution and expression of α-SMA was determined by indirect immunofluorescence. Results TGF-β1 could significantly increase the expression of α-SMA and collagen I, and decrease the expression of E-cadherin in RPMCs. TGF-α1 could stimulate the expression of phosphorylated JNK at 5 minutes with the peak at 10 minutes (P<0.01). The addition of SP600125 effectively inhibited TGF-β1-induced high expression of α-SMA and collagen I (P<0.05), and prevented TGF-β1-induced down-regulation of E-cadherin expression in RPMCs (P<0.05). The indirect immunofluorescence showed that the expression of intracellular α-SMA in RPMCs stimulated by TGF-β1 for 48 h increased significantly, which could be inhibited by SP600125. Conclusions JNK regulates epithelial mesenchymal transition induced by TGF-β1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells. JNK inhibitor may be used as a novel therapeutic agent for peritoneal fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of argon plasma coagulation (APC)trans-choledochoscopy in biliary tract complications following liver transplantation. Methods All 27 patients underwent T-tube-choledochoscopy or percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscope (PTCS).APC was used to burn the hyperplasia of bile duct stenosis and then expended the stenosis with bougienage. The bile duct foreign bodies were burnt by APC and then eliminated. The granulation tissues of bile duct were burnt by APC after biopsied. The sutures of anastomoses were burnt by APC and then eliminated. Results In general, the therapeutic achievement ratio of stenosis of bile duct in 25 cases of 28 locations was 78. 6% (22/28). The clearance ratio of bile duct foreign bodies was 85. 7% (6/7). The elimination ratio of granulation tissues was 100% (5/5), the same as the elimination ratio of sutures of anastomoses. There were no treatment-related complications about APC. The recurrence ratio of bile duct stenosis was respectively 4.5% (1/22) and 13. 6% (3/22)after follow-up for 3 and 6 months respectively. All the recurrent stenosis was non-anastomotic. The recurrence ratio of bile duct foreign bodies was respectively 16. 7% (1/6) and 33.3% (2/6) after follow-up for 3 and 6 months respectively. Conclusion APC trans-choledochoscopy in treatment of biliary anastomotic stenosis, mural foreign bodies, mural biliary cast, granulation tissues of bile duct and sutures of anastomoses following liver transplantion has a high success ratio and a sure long-term efficacy without treatment-related complications.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of the cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) treated in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods 74 cases (hospitalized from January 2012 to December 2013) with advanced pancreatic cancer (Ⅲ ~ Ⅳ stage) were selected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: CIK cells treated group (38 patients) and chemotherapy group (36 cases). Patients in CIK cells group received CIK cell infusion therapy , and patients in chemotherapy group received only gemcitabine. The efficacy and safety of all patients were observed. Results The efficacy rate of CIK cells group was 29.0%, with no statistical significance compared to chemotherapy alone group (16.7%). Disease control rate was 63.2%, with statistical significance compared to the chemotherapy group (38.9%). The PFS was 3 months (95%CI:2.5 ~ 3.5), OS 6.8 months (95%CI:6.1 ~ 7.5). 6-month survival rate 41.7%, with statistically significance compared to chemotherapy group. Conclusion CIK cells treated in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer is feasible and safe , and can improve disease control rate , improve immunity and produce clinical benefit in patients.

Objective To explore the MR features of granulomatous mastitis and to improve the diagnosis of the disease.Methods MR findings of 1 1 patients with granulomatous mastitis confirmed by pathology were retrospectively reviewed.Results Nine (81.82%)lesions showed regional or diffused hyperintensity on T2 WI with heterogeneous gridding features.2 (18.18%)lesions showed mass-like enhancement and 9 lesions showed non-mass-like enhancement.Of 9 (81.82%)lesions with non-mass-like en-hancement,the enhancement patterns included diffused in 2 (18.18%)cases,regional in 4 (36.36%)cases,multiple-regional in 2 (18.18%)cases,and focal in 1 (9.09%)case,respectively.All the lesions showed early heterogeneous enhancement,and clumped-ring enhancement was seen in 6 lesions.The signal intensity of the lesions was increased and more uniform in the later stage.The time-signal intensity curve was type I in 7(63.64%)cases,type II in 3 (27.27%)cases and type III in 1 (9.09%)case.The mean ADC value was (1.82±0.1 7)×10 -3 mm2/s,and there was no significant difference between lesions and normal regions (t=1.766, P >0.05).Concomitant signs included barymastia,thickening of skin,edema surrounding the lesions,and axillary lymph node en-largement.The BI-RADS category was 3 degree in 1 (9.09%)case,4a degree in 5 (45.45%)cases,4b degree in 2 (18.18%)ca-ses,4c degree in 2 (18.18%)cases and 5 degree in 1 (9.09%)case.The misdiagnosis ratio was 54.55%.Conclusion Granuloma-tous mastitis has certain characteristic MR features.The misdiagnosis ratio of granulomatous mastitis is high.Therefore,clinical data should be referred when making diagnosis.