Objective To analyse subclavian steal syndrome(SSS)by transcrinial Doppler ultrasound (TCD)and to explore the rdationship between the different degrees of subelavian artery(SUBA)and the degree of steal blood vertebral artery and clinieal value of TCD.Methods Thirty seven patients of SSS were divided into three groups according to vdoeity of SUBA and direction of vertebral artery.The stenosis of SUBA and steal degree were compared.Results Mild and moderate stenosis of SUBA were found in 15 cases with no steal and stage Ⅰ steal in 12 cases(80%);Severe stenosis of SIJBA was found in 14 cases with no steal and stage Ⅰ steal in 3 cases(21%),with significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).In mild and moderate stenosis group,there were 3 cases of stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ steal(20%)while in severe stenosis group there were 11 cases of stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ steal (78%),among which,the signifieant difference(P＜0.05)was observed.Stage Ⅲ steal was found in 2 cases of severe stenosis group(14%)and 7 cases of occlusion group(87%),with significant difference(P＜0.05).10 cases were found to have bilateral SUBA stenoeis,including 1 case of bilateral steal.4 cases underwent digital subtraction angiography(DSA)which results were in accordance with the results of TCD.5 cases underwent CT angiography,the results of 3 of which were similar with TCD but 2 cases did not show any abnormality.Steal happened from vertebral artery(VA)-VA in 28 cases(75.6%)and basal artery(BA)-VA in 9 cases(24.4%).Conclusion TCD could be used to diagnose SSS and the degree of steal blood.The degreo of SUBA stenosis is related to degree of vertwbral artery steal.

This paper overviewed the studies of the current situation of tongue diagnosis in psychiatric diseases (schizophrenia,depression,nervous disorders,sleep disorders and psychotropic drug-induced side-effects),summed up the importance of tongue diagnosis for the diagnosis and prognosis of mental illnesses.

Objective To explore the mutual relationship of cognitive behavioral intervention and negative emotion of leukaemia patients. Methods According to hospital dual order, 120 patients were divided into the treatment group and the control group with 60 cases in each group, the control adopted routine treatment and nursing, upon this basis, the treatment group received cognitive behavioral intervention.Anxiety and depression of two groups were compared with SAS and SDS scale. Results SAS and SDS score changed significantly in the treatment group before and after the treatment, while in the control group,the SAS, SDS score did not changed statistically. Conclusions cognitive behavioral intervention can effectively improve the anxiety and depression of leukaemia patients, and improve the quality of life and deserves further clinical promotion.

Liver transplantation rapidly has become the best choice for pediatric patients with end-stage and metabolic liver disease, since the first liver transplantation succeeded in 1989. In pediatric liver transplantation, significantly improved short-term and long-term survival is attributed to advances in surgical techniques and reasonable immunosuppression regimens in the last 20 years. However, postoperative infections, which remain the most common complication following pediatric liver transplantation, severely affect posttransplantation morbidity and mortality. This paper summarizes the infections after liver transplantation in children and rational drug use.

ObjectiveTo explore the diagnosis value of color Doppler ultrasound of the carotid atherosclerosis plaques in diabetic patients. MethodsColor Doppler ultrasonic assessment of carotid was performed in 124 diabetic patients(test group)and 100 normal controls(control group).The intima-media thickness(IMT)and the carotid atherosclerosis plaques parameters were measured.The results were compared and analyzed between two groups. ResultsThe IMT and the incidence rate of carotid atherosclerosis plaques in the test group were higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in the site of the plaques between test and control group(P＞0.05). ConclusionThe incidence rate of the carotid atherosclerosis of type 2 diabetes was higher.Carotid color Doppler ultrasonography was an optimal technique for screening and diagnosing atherosclerosis.

Objective To observe clinical effect of treating acute cerebral infarction with Danhong injection combined with Edaravone injection. Methods 58 cases with acute cerebral infarction were randomly recruited into a control group and a treatment group. The control group was treated with edaravone injection, 30 mg, once daily, and for continuous 14 days. The treatment group was treated with dan hong injection, 20 ml, once daily, and for continuous 14 days based on the control group. The clinical effect and adverse reaction were observed in both groups after the treatment. Results The total effective rate was 86.2% and 62.1% in the treatment group and the control group respectively. The clinical effect in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (χ2=3.561, P＜0.05). Conclusion Danhong injection combined with edaravone injection was more effective in treating acute cerebral infarctionthan edaravone injection exclusively.

Objective To explore the causes,risk factors,diagnosis and control methods of LEDVT after gynaecological surgery. Methods The clinical data of 20 inpatients with LEDVT after gynaecological surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Results The LEDVT distribution related to the factors:1.operation time:<2 h 3cases (15%),2 ～3 h 5cases(25%),＞ 3h 12 cases(60%);2.operation manners:TAH 0.23%(4/1746);TVH 0.91%(9/984);RH and ovarian cytoreductive surgery 4.6%(5/106); Myomectomy 0.29%(2/691);patient age:85% for ＞ 50 years; 15% for ≤50 years.All the 20 patients were cured by means of positive treatment of thrombolysis and anticoagulation. Conclusion The patients who had the risk factors of LEDVT should strengthen the prevention and control cases actively,the standardized management could improve their prognosis significantly.

Pancreatic infection is an independent risk factor leading to death. Early prophylaxis, diagnosis and treat-ment are three keys to raise the survival rate. Strategies of prevention include prevention of bacteria translacation, fluid sequestration and antibiotic prophylaxis usage. The principal methods to decrease bacteria translocation are shortening of interval of intestinal iscbemia, decreasing of abdominal pressure, selective digestive decontamination and total enteral nutrition as early as possible. And strategy of controlling fluid resuscitation is the key point to decrease fluid sequestration. Early diagnostic criteria of pancreatic infection include at least 4 indexes of the following: white blood cell count, temperature, heart beat, intraabdominal pressure, procalcitonin, air bubble, blood pressure, prealbumin, total bilirubin and respiratory alkalosis, and addition of 2 weeks after the onset of the disease and exclusion of infection from other sites. If pancreatic infection has not been controlled by intensive nonoperative therapy for 48 hours, surgical intervention should be performed.

Although respiratory distress syndrome( RDS) ,one of the most common cause of respira-tory failure in the very or extremely preterm infant,has not been yet the major disorder of death with advances of respiratory support;In fact,RDS often complicated with BPD which developed with the maturation of de-pendence,the outcome of BPD and its development step into the focus of modern NICU. Powerful evidence-based consensus and suggestions have been stated in early respiratory support for very and extremely preterm infant:Early nasal CPAP( nCPAP) should be the best alternative to intubation for very or extremely preterm infant with high-risk of RDS and RDS; Early administration of Pulmonary surfactant ( PS ) with suitable methods( InSurE,Intubation Surfactant Extubation or LISA,Less invasive surfactant administration);Individ-ual threshould for nCPAP or other noninvasive ventilation failure should be established,but early PS adminis-tration and gentle ventilation will decrease the incidence of ventilator-induced injury on failuring noninvasive ventilation;Noninvasive ventilation with the use of caffeine will short the duration of ventilation and improve the success of weaning off. All the strategies in respiratory support to prevent BPD for very preterm infant still need more practice sustain improvement since multiple causes account for the development of BPD.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play important roles in immune homeostasis and tolerance.Recently, several characteristic studies on tissue-resident Tregs have been drawing wide attention.Some tissue-resident Tregs express some special molecules and are involved in the regulation of local tissue functions apart from immune regulation.This article focuses on the functions of some tissue-resident Tregs, such as fat-resident Tregs participating in the regulation of insulin resistance, muscle-resident Tregs in the regeneration and repair of damaged skeletal muscle, and thyroid-resident Tregs in the regulation of thyroid function, aiming to help medical graduates further understand the phenotypes and functions of tissue-resident Tregs.