Objective To study the effect of intracerebroventricular(icv) injectionon acetylcholine(ACh) on the elecric activities of pain-related neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area of rat.Methods Trains of the electric impulses applied to the right sciatic nerve were used as noxious stimuli.The discharges of neurons were led out by extracellular recording method with glass microelectrodes.Results Icv injection of ACh(20?g/10?l) caused an decrease of the evoked discharge frequency of pain-excited neurons(PEN) and a prolongation latency as well as an increase of the evoked discharge of pain-inhibited neurons(PIN) and a shortening of inhibitory duration.Conclusion The response of pain-related neurons in hippocampal CA1 area to the noxious stimulation is weakened by icv injection of ACh,exhibiting analgesic effect.

Aim To observe the effect of dopamine (DA) and its antagonist on the electrical activities of pain excitation neurons (PEN) in the caudate nucleus (Cd) of morphine dependent rats. Methods The right sciatic nerve was stimulated by train of electrical impulses as noxious stimuli to morphine dependent rats.The electrical discharges of PEN in Cd were recorded with glass microelectrode to observe influences of intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of DA and droperidol on the electrical activities of PEN. Results DA could decrease excitabilities of PEN in Cd of morphine dependent rats. Conclusion Results suggest that the depression of DA on PEN response in Cd of morphine dependent rats might be blocked by droperidol.

ObjectiveTo study the role of chemokines and their receptors in peripheral blood in the pathogenesis of breast cancer in elderly patients.MethodsSerum levels of regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted(RANTES),macrophage inflammatory protein-3 α (MIP-3α ) and stromal cell derived factor-1(SDF-1) were determined by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 30 elderly patients with breast cancer(breast cancer group) and 30 normal controls (control group).Meanwhile,chemokine receptors,CC chemokine receptor(CCR)5,CCR6 and CXC chemokine receptor(CXCR) 4 on peripheral blood CD3+ T-cell in two groups were analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsSerum levels of RANTES,MIP-3 α and SDF-1 in breast cancer group were significantly higher than those in control group [ (27.9 ± 16.6) μ g/L vs.( 12.6 ± 4.2) μ g/L,( 10.9 ± 7.1 ) μ g/L vs.(5.4 ± 3.5 )μg/L,(339.4 ±94.6) ng/L vs. (195.0 ±70.8) ng/L,P ＜0.01].There was no significant difference in expressions of CCR5,CCR6 and CXCR4 on peripheral blood CD3+ T-cell between two groups(P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionThe abnormal increase of serum levels of RANTES,MIP-3 α and SDF-1 in peripheral blood may play role in the carcinogenesis and progress of breast cancer in elderly patients.

Aim To investigate the effects of cholecys-tokinin octapeptide(CCK-8)on the withdrawal symp-toms of morphinistic rats by the observation of praxiology,and change of expression of proto-oncogene c-jun in caudate nucleus(Cd) after CCK-8 injected by immunohistochemistry.Methods Animal praxiology evaluation and immunohistochemistry were used.The influence of CCK-8(10 mg?L-1,1 ?l) on the withdrawal symptoms and the expression of c-jun of morphinistic rats was observed.Results Morphinistic rats had obvious praxiological changes in the withdrawal symptoms compared with normal saline rats;the scores of withdrawal symptoms decreased most obviously at withdrawal 40 h after Cd injection of CCK-8;the expression of c-jun protein in Cd decreased in morphinistic rats,but increased after Cd injection of CCK-8.Conclusions Models of morphinomania rats were successfully built.The Cd injection of CCK-8 could decrease the withdrawal symptoms of morphinomania rats.The CCK-8 could increase the expression of c-jun protein in Cd.These findings suggested that CCK-8 could regulate the production of withdrawal symptoms and the expression of c-jun protein in Cd of morphinomania rats.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of sequential flap of thigh perforator for closure of the anterolateral thigh free flap donor site.Methods From March,2014 to May,2015,8 consecutive patients underwent elective anterolateral thigh free flap reconstruction for limb soft tissue defect.To design a sequential flap of thigh perforator to achieve primary closure of the anterolateral thigh free flap donor site.The area of anterolateral thigh free flap ranged from 9.0 cm×6.0 cm to 20.0 cm×1 1.0 cm,respectively.The area of thigh perforator flap ranged from 7.0 cm×3.0 cm to 12.0 cm×7.0 cm.Results All flaps healed uneventfully.Distal skin flap necrosis appeared in 1 flap which was healed after local transposition flap.All the patients were followed up for 1 to 6 months,with mean time of 4 months.The color,texture and appearance of flaps were satisfactory.Conclusion Sequential flap of thigh perforator,with reliable blood supply and constant position,represents an ideal model to close the anterolateral thigh free flap donor site of small defect.

Objective To investigate the effect of limitation in flow of people on medical care quality in emergency resuscitation room (ERR).Methods This study was retrospectively performed to compare emergency medical quality before and after (October to December,2015 vs.February to April,2016) limitation of flow of people in ERR.Variables included noise level,occupational exposure,adverse event,hospital-acquired infection,length of stay (LOS) in ERR,mortality rate,return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rate after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR),the rate of unexpected return to ERR,door to drug and door to balloon time for patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI),patients' and emergency personnels' satisfaction level.The data were analyzed with t-test,chi-square test or Poisson Z test where appropriate.Results There were 5 031 and 5 097 patients respectively admitted in ERR before and after limitation of flow of people.Patients' main diagnoses and severity of illness between the two periods had no significantly difference (P＞0.05).After the limitation of flow of people,the noise level in ERR was lowered (P＜0.01),the numbers of occupational exposure events (14 cases vs.4 cases,Z=2.357,P=0.018) and adverse events (18 cases vs.5 cases,Z=2.711,P=0.007) were decreased,the rate of hospital-acquired infection was reduced (1.1％ vs.0.5％,x2=8.111,P=0.004),the LOS in ERR was shortened [(6.3±0.8) h vs.(4.6±0.6) h,t=121.083,P＜0.01],the door to balloon time for STEMI patients was also decreased [(91.2±12.8) min vs.(89.3±8.0) min,t=2.486,P=0.013].Moreover,patients' and emergency personnels' satisfaction level were elevated.No significant difference was observed in mortality rate,ROSC rate,rate of unexpected return to ERR and door to drug time for STEMI patients.Conclusions The limitation of flow of people in ERR can lower the noise level,reduce emergency personnels' working pressure,improve their working efficiency,avoid medical errors,elevate patients' and emergency personnels' satisfaction level.