Objective: To examine the relations among objective peer support, perceived peer support, perceived parent support, importance ratings of peer / parent support, and self- worth in adolescents. At the same time, peer acceptance of adolescents was examined. Methods: Sociometric techniques and self- report instrument were applied collectively to a sample of 285 adolescents. Results: ①Sociometric techniques show that adolescents can be divided into popular adoles- cents, rejected adolescents, controversial adolescents, and neglected adolescents; ②There are significant positive correla- tions between objective peer support and perceived peer support, between perceived peer / parent support and self- worth, but there is no significant correlation between objective peer support and self- worth; ③Importance ratings of peer / parent support can serve as a moderator between perceived peer / parent support and self- worth for the middle school students aged 15. Conclusion: Perceived peer / parent support can predict self- worth of adolescents; Importance ratings of peer / parent support can moderate perceived peer / parent support and self- worth for the middle school students aged 15.

Different from Westerners,intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is a main cause for acute ischemic stroke in Eastern population.Studies have shown that ICAS is associated with the risk factors including metabolic syndrome,dyslipidemia,diabetes mellitus,and inflammation.Adiponectin is involved in oxidative stress and glycolipid metabolism,its reduced level is the most important risk factor for metabolic syndrome and the most prominent inflammatory markers.Numerous studies have suggested that adiponectin is associated with cardiovascular diseases,and it is used as a preventive marker.In recent years,the relationship between adiponectin and ICAS has become a hot research topic.This article mainly reviews the roles of adiponectin in ICAS.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed that 6-hydroxydopamine is capable to increase the expression of divalent metal transporter-1 and reduce the expression of ferroportin-1 in the neurons and microglia, which may lead to iron deposition in the substantia nigra after Parkinson’s disease. However, it is unclear whether 6-hydroxydopamine can play diverse roles in astrocytes.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of 6-hydroxydopamine on the expression of divalent metal transporter-1 and ferroportin-1 in rat C6 glioma cel lines.
METHODS:C6 glioma cell lines from rats were cultured in 10 μmol/L 6-hydroxydopamine for 24 hours. Then, protein expressions of divalent metal transporter-1 and ferroportiner-1 were measured by western blot method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The protein expressions of divalent metal transporter-1 and ferroportin-1 in C6 glioma cell lines were increased by 2.5 times (P < 0.01) and 1 time (P < 0.05), respectively, after treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine. These findings indicate that 6-hydroxydopamine can promote iron transport rate in astrocytes by increasing both divalent metal transporter-1 and ferroportin-1 expressions, and astrocytes has a different response to 6-hydroxydopamine from neurons and microglia.

Aim To study the effects of totle flavone of allium cepa L.var agrogatum Don(TFAD)on the blood-liquid metabolism in experimental hyperlipoproteinemia rats.Methods The model of experimental hyperlipoproteinemia was established by giving hyperlipid diet to Wistar rats.After the model was established,the rats were treated by TFAD.Then TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C of serum,MDA and SOD activties of serum and liver,TXA2 and PGI2 of plasma,blood viscosity were mesured,and pathology of liver was observed.Results After treated by TFAD(25～100 ?g?g-1 po for 21 days),TC、TG、LDL-C、AI、TC/HDL-C and MDA were reduced remarkably,HDL-C and the activity of SOD increased,PGI2 in plasma rose while TXA2 decreased,the blood viscosity of whole blood was depressed significantly,meanwhile the fatty degeneration of hepatic cells was relieved.Conclusions The results suggest that TFAD can adjust the blood-liquid metabolism of experimental hyperlipoproteinemia rats and restrain fatty deposition in liver which may be related to TFAD's function of preventing lipoprotein peroxidization,maitaining physiologic equilibrium of PGI2/TXA2,and ameliorating the abnormity of blood rheology.

Objective:To observe the effects of salidroside on the expression of substance P (SP)and neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R)of bone marrow cells(BMCs)in bone marrow(BM)depressed anemia mice,and to explore its roles for hematopoietic regulation.Methods:Automatic blood cell analysator was used to detected the changes of peripheral blood cells in each group ,immuno-histochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) were used to analyze the expressions of SP and its receptor NK-1R of BMCs in each group respectively.Results: Peripheral blood testing results showed that the number of white blood cells (WBC),red blood cells(RBC)and hemoglobin(HB)of model group were significantly decreased when compared with control group.Compared with model group ,low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose salidroside obviously elevated the number of white blood cells ,and middle-dose salidroside obviously elevated the number of platelets.Immunohistochemistry studies showed that the expression of SP and its receptor NK-1R of BMCs was found in each group.Compared with control group , the expression of SP of BMCs was decreased obviously in model group(P<0.05),and the expression of NK-1R of BMCs was decreased slightly in model group (P>0.05),and the expression of SP and its receptor NK-1R of BMCs was increased significantly in low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose salidroside groups (P<0.05).RT-PCR data showed that the expression of SP mRNA of BMCs was increased obviously in model group ,low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose salidroside groups when compared with control group (P<0.05).The expression of NK-1R mRNA of BMCs was un-detected in control group and model group.The expression level of NK-1R mRNA of BMCs was elevated gradually with the increase of salidroside dosage in low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose salidroside groups.Conclusion: The mRNA and protein expressions of SP and its receptor NK-1R of BMCs were up-regulated significantly by salidroside in dose-dependent manner.These data suggest that salidroside could participate in the recovery of hematopoietic function of BM depressed anemia mice by increasing the expression of SP and its receptor NK-1R of BMCs.

Objective To compare the effects of three kinds of Oncomelania hupensis RNA extraction methods,namely a modified SDS method,TRIzol reagent method,and CTAB method,so as to obtain an economical and efficient method for RNA extraction from O. hupensis. Methods The modified SDS method,TRIzol reagent method and CTAB method were applied to ex-tract the RNA from O. hupensis. A nucleic acid protein analyzer was used to measure the concentration and purity of RNA. The yields were calculated by the concentration of the products. The purity was indicated by A260/A280 and A260/A230. The quality of RNA was inspected by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. The β-acting gene was selected as the target gene for RT-PCR analysis. Re-sults The RNA yields obtained by using the three kinds of extraction methods were significantly different(F = 16895.85,P <0.01)according to the analysis of variance. The LSD test showed that the yields obtained by using the modified SDS method were the highest,and those obtained by the CTAB method were the lowest. The purity of RNA extracted by the CTAB method was su-perior to that by the other two methods,and the A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios of the CTAB method were in the range from 1.8-2.0 and 2.0-2.2. The A260/A230 ratios of the other two methods were both lower than 2.0. The RNA extracted by the modified SDS meth-od had the better integrity. The electrophoresis results showed that the 28S rRNA band,18S rRNA band and 5S rRNA band were clear,and there was no obvious smear between each band. The RNA obtained by the TRIzol reagent method had no 28S rRNA band,and that obtained by the CTAB method had no 28S rRNA and 5S rRNA bands. The β-acting gene of the RNA ex-tracted by all the three methods could be amplified by RT-PCR. The costs and time-consuming of the modified SDS method were less than those of the other two methods. Conclusion The modified SDS method is an economic and efficient method,and it is suitable for extracting the RNA of O. hupensis,especially for large sample preparation.

Objective To investigate the effects of disulfiram (DS) combined with Cu on the human Burkitt lymphoma cell xenografts in nude mice.Methods Burkitt lymphoma xenograft was established by subcutaneous injection of Raji cell into nude mice after 2 Gy whole body X-irradiation (1×107 Raji cells were resuspended in 200 μl saline).18 bearing tumor mice were randomly divided into control group,DS group and DS/Cu group.During the experiment,the effects of DS/Cu on the nude mice with tumors were examined,including the tumor volumes,weights and the growth curves of xenograft tumor.Histopathological examination of tumor tissue was observed with optical microscape.The protein expression levels of p-JNK and c-jun were also detected by Western blot.Results Subsequent tumor size and weight in DS or DS/Cu-treated animals were (67.71±2.15) mm3,(33.35±7.74) mm3 and (43.35±4.22) mg,(18.05±2.88) mg.One-way ANOVA analysis indicated that the tumor size and weight in DS or DS/Cu-treated animals were reduced significantly relative to tumors in vehicle-treated animals (F =27.579,P =0.000;F =16.369,P =0.000).Furthermore,multiple comparisons revealed that the DS or DS/Cu-treated animals had significantly reduced tumor size and weight compared with control animals (all P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in tumor size and weight between DS or DS/Cu-treated animals (both P ＜ 0.05).Tumor inhibition rates in DS or DS/Cu group were 63.48 ％ and 80.24 ％,respectively.An increase of apoptosis changes in the xenograft tumor cells in DS or DS/Cu treated mice were more significant.Westem blot showed that the p-JNK and c-jun protein expressions in the tumors were improved after the DS or DS/Cu treatment,more obvious in DS/Cu treatment.Conclusion DS/Cu can inhibit the growth of xenografts,and one possible mechanism may involve the regulation of JNK signal pathway.

A novel targeting drug carrier (FA-BO-PAMAM) based on the PAMAM G5 dendrimer modified with borneol (BO) and folic acid (FA) molecules on the periphery and doxorubicin (DOX) loaded in the interior was designed and prepared to achieve the purposes of enhancing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) transportation and improving the drug accumulation in the glioma cells. 1H NMR was used to confirm the synthesis of FA-BO-PAMAM; its morphology and mean size were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Based on the HBMEC and C6 cells, cytotoxicity assay, transport across the BBB, cellular uptake and anti-tumor activity in vitro were investigated to evaluate the properties of nanocarriers in vitro. The results showed that the nanocarrier of FA-BO-PAMAM was successfully synthesized, which was spherical in morphology with the average size of (22.28 ± 0.42) nm, and zeta potential of (7.6 ± 0.89) mV. Cytotoxicity and transport across the BBB assay showed that BO-modified conjugates decreased the cytotoxicity of PAMAM against both HBMEC and C6 cells and exhibited higher BBB transportation ability than BO-unmodified conjugates; moreover, modification with FA increased the total uptake of DOX by C6 cells and enhanced the cytotoxicity of DOX-polymer against C6 cells. Therefore, FA-BO-PAMAM is a promising nanodrug delivery system in employing PAMAM as a drug carrier and treatment for brain glioma.

Objective Glucose metabolism trend was dynamicly mornitored following liver transplantation, and its affecting factors were assessed. Methods The glucose metabolism status were assessed at four time points respectively after liver transplants, then they were divided into two groups:normal glucose metabolism (NGM) and abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM). The clinical data were univariate analyzed and multivariate analyzed to screen the risk factors. Results At 1 month, 3 months, 1 year and 3 years post-transplantation, the incidence of AGM were 74.0%, 43.9%, 29.4%, 24.1% respectively Between these two groups, age > 45 y had a significant difference at 1 month, 3 months, 1 year and 3years post-transplantation; the use of tacrolimus had a significant difference at 3 months, 1 year and 3years post-transplantation, but the dose of tacrolimus or tacrolimus blood concentration showed no significant difference; high dose of glucocorticoid had significant difference at 1 month , 3 months post-transplantation; high BMI and acute rejection had significant difference at 1 month post-transplantation. Conclusions There is a high incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM) in the early stage post-transplantation, and a considerable number of patients' glucose metabolism improved in the later period. Age>45 y and tacrolimus affect glucose metabolism for a longer period post-transplants. High BMI and acute rejection have an impact on glucose metabolism only in the early stage post-transplantation. Large dose of glucocorticoid affect glucose metabolism for at least 3 months post-transplantation , and there is no significant difference after 1 year.

In order to achieve the sustained suppression of hepatitis B virus replication, the long-term and even life-long antiviral therapy is needed for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). So the adherence to antiviral therapy is one of the critical factors for achieving effective therapy. In this article, the current studies on the adherence to antiviral therapy in patients with CHB are reviewed. The rate of patients′ adherence to antiviral therapy and its impact on treatment outcome are analyzed, and the influencing factors for adherence are summarized. The existing problems in current studies on adherence are also analyzed. It is proposed that the attention should be focused on how to improve medication adherence so as to improve the prognosis in the future.