Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences constructed three research plat-forms by integration of resources in 2004 which included central laboratory, pathophysioiogy center and ani-mal center. It mainly aimed to provide the use of equipment, technical training, guidance and experimental animals, etc. For hospital researchers and graduate students in this paper, we reviewed the three research platforms and analyzed the positive effect of research platforms on personnel training and promoting the re-search and development of the hospital.

The Scientific Research Management Department of Fu Wai Hospital appraises the output capacities of the research centers and research departments every year.To inspire the research passion,we set up the assessment criteria and threshold of specific minimum output.In this paper,we described the method how we set up the thread shod for " qualified" and " excellent".We tested this method and got satisfactory evaluation results.It was indicated that our system provides a reliable,simple,practical and easy program for the research manage departments to appraise the different sections of the research departments.

Objective To assess effectiveness of implementation of non-pharmaceutical treatment in a standardized community-based hypertension management program in China.MethodsA protocol of standardized community-based hypertension management was developed based on current guidelines for prevention and treatment of hypertension in China.Physicians in community health-care service centers at the grassroots across China were trained in a standardized way using this protocol during 2005 to 2008,and then the trainees were required to manage hypertensive patients according to the protocol.Hypertensive patients eligible for criteria of inclusion and under management for more than one year were analyzed to observe changes in their behavioral risk factors,pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical treatment,and effectiveness of blood pressure lowering.ResultsBy the end of 2008,a total of 29 411 hypertensive patients had been managed for one year according to the protocol and 20 077 patients with complete data (47.1％ for male)with mean age of 61±11 years were eligible for analysis.After standardized management of one year,prevalence of smoking,alcohol drinking and proportion of patients who preferred salty diet decreased from 17.7 percent,18.1 percent and 32.8 percent to 8.9 percent,8.7 percent and 15.8 percent,respectively(P＜0.01).Srstolic blood pressure(BP)decreased by 11.6[95％confidence interval(CI)10.8-12.4]mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),13.7(95％CI 13.3-14.1)mm Hg and 15.2(95％CI14.8-15.6)mmHg in the patients with non-pharmaceutical therapy,pharmaceutical therapy and both,respectively；and diastolic BP decreased by 7.5(95％CI6.9-8.1)mm Hg,8.3(95％CI8.1-8.5)mmHg and 8.0(95％CI7.8-8.2)mm Hg in the three groups,respectively.During the one-year period of management,proportion of the patients with appropriate non-pharmaceutical therapy increased continuously.By the end of one-year management,59.5 percent of smoked patients were required to quit their smoking,55.5 percent of alcohol drinkers were required to limit their drinking,52.3 percent of overweight and obese patients were required to reduce their weight and 47.3 percent of patients with physical exercises less than three times a week were required to increase their regular physical activity.However,certain proportion of the patients with risk factors did not receive appropriate non-pharmaceutical therapy.Conclusion Guideline-oriented hypertension management succeeded in lifestyle changes among the patients,but it is a gradual process to its full implementation.

Objectives To investigate the relationship between albuminuria and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in middle-to-old-aged Chinese population. Methods A total of 2500 residents aged more than 40 years old were selected using random cluster sampling in Shougang community, Beijing, and 2315 of them took part in the survey finally. Morning urinary samples were collected. Urinary albumin and creatinine were measured. Albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was calculated and used as an index of albuminuria. The subjects were grouped according to ACR: normoalbuminuria (NO, ACR＜ 30 mg/g), microalbuminuria (MI, ACR 30-299 mg/g), and macroalbuminuria (MA, ACR ≥ 300 mg/g). Albuminuria (AL) group consisted of MI group and MA group. Cardiovascular risk factors were also investigated. Then all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were collected after 4 years. The Cox model was used to analyze the relationship between albuminuria and all-cause mortality after adjusting for confounders. Results The prevalence of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria was 7.6% and 1.4% respectively. After 4 years follow-up,the cardiovascular mortality was 2.7/1000 person-years in NO group, 19.9/1000 person-years in MI group, and 11.5/1000 person-years in MA group and the all-cause mortality was 6.6/1000,25.9/1000 and 57.5/1000 person-years respectively. After adjusting for age, gender, smoking, body mass index, serum lipids, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease at baseline and serum creatinine, the hazard ratio (HR) of cardiovascular mortality in AL group was 5.26 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.26-12.24] compared with NO group; the HR of all-cause mortality was 3.34 (95% CI 1.82-6.15). Among patients without cardiovascular disease at baseline, the corresponding HRs were 6.92 (95%CI 1.80-26.58) and 2.85 (95%CI 1.22-6.65) respectively.Conclusion In the population studied, albuminuria is an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.

Objective: To explore the prevalence and risk factors of mitral regurgitation (MR) in the population ≥35 years in China in order to provide prevention reference for high risk crowd. Methods: The residents ≥35 years were taken by a stratified multistage sampling method. General information of crowd was collected by predesigned questionnaire and physical examination including life style, disease history, body weight and height. Echocardiography was conducted, fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels were measured. Results: A total of 28814 subjects were enrolled. The overall MR detection rate was 18.4%, the detection rate in male and female were both 18.4%. The detection rates of moderate and severe MR were 0.3% in the paticipants at (35-50) years, 0.9% at (51-64) years and 2.2% at ≥65 years. MR prevalence showed an increasing trend with aging. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that age, systolic blood pressure, urban and rural, district, left atrial front and back diameter, left ventricular end diastolic front and back diameter, left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke, atrial fibrillation and heart failure were the risk factors for MR occurrence. Conclusion: MR detection rate was rather high in China. Specific prevention action should be taken for those with theabove risk factors.

Objective: To investigate the detection rates and inlfuencing factors of atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) among neonates in two cities of East China and to provide scientiifc basis for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and monitor of ASD and VSD. Methods: 2100 newborns with gestational age of at least 28 weeks were recruited consecutively from each city between 2013-09 and 2014-11. Data related to ASD and VSD were collected by questionnaires and echocardiographic screening was conducted within 7 days after birth. Results: A total of 4152 neonateswere examined with gestational age of (39.03 ± 1.29) weeks, among whom 2189 were male infants (52.72%), and age of mother was (26.32 ± 4.10) years old. Detection rates of ASD and VSD were 60.5‰ and 12.8‰ respectively, showing no significant difference between genders (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and home decoration were the inlfuencing factors of ASD and maternal drug use in early pregnancy was the inlfuencing factor of VSD among newborns. Conclusions: Detection rates of ASD and VSD among neonates were relatively high in two cities of East China. Early screening is importtant to reduce the incidence of ASD and VSD and improve the prognosis.

Objective To explore the difference in gut microbiota composition between patients with obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and healthy individuals and the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of OSA.Methods Thirty-nine patients with OSA admitted to our hospital between May and December,2022 and 20 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study.Stool samples were collected from all the participants for analysis of microbiome composition using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis.The alpha diversity,beta diversity,and species difference were determined between the two groups and marker species analysis and metabolic pathway function prediction analysis were performed.Results The species diversity(Shannon and Simpson)indexes,richness(observed species)and evenness(Pielou)of gut microbiota were significantly lower in OSA patients than in the healthy individuals(P<0.05).The OSA patients had also a significantly lowered community diversity(P<0.05)with different gut microbial communities from those of the healthy individuals shown by increased relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Monocytogenes(P<0.05).LEfSe analysis showed that the abundance of 23 species of gut microbiota differed significantly between the two groups and the OSA patients had significant increases in the abundance of Pseudomonas,Meganomonas,and Fusobacterium(P<0.05).The differential marker flora affected host homeostasis.Random Forest and ROC curve analyses confirmed that Pseudomonas could be used as important biomarkers for a differential diagnosis.Metabolic pathway function prediction analysis showed that biosynthesis function had the greatest contribution to maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis,and Pseudomonas affected the occurrence and progression of OSA by participating in aromatic bioamine degradation and ketogluconic acid metabolic pathway.Conclusion OSA patients have obvious gut microbiota disturbances,and Pseudomonas may affect the development of OSA by participating in substance metabolism to serve as the potential target gut bacteria for OSA treatment.

Objective To explore the difference in gut microbiota composition between patients with obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and healthy individuals and the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of OSA.Methods Thirty-nine patients with OSA admitted to our hospital between May and December,2022 and 20 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study.Stool samples were collected from all the participants for analysis of microbiome composition using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis.The alpha diversity,beta diversity,and species difference were determined between the two groups and marker species analysis and metabolic pathway function prediction analysis were performed.Results The species diversity(Shannon and Simpson)indexes,richness(observed species)and evenness(Pielou)of gut microbiota were significantly lower in OSA patients than in the healthy individuals(P<0.05).The OSA patients had also a significantly lowered community diversity(P<0.05)with different gut microbial communities from those of the healthy individuals shown by increased relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Monocytogenes(P<0.05).LEfSe analysis showed that the abundance of 23 species of gut microbiota differed significantly between the two groups and the OSA patients had significant increases in the abundance of Pseudomonas,Meganomonas,and Fusobacterium(P<0.05).The differential marker flora affected host homeostasis.Random Forest and ROC curve analyses confirmed that Pseudomonas could be used as important biomarkers for a differential diagnosis.Metabolic pathway function prediction analysis showed that biosynthesis function had the greatest contribution to maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis,and Pseudomonas affected the occurrence and progression of OSA by participating in aromatic bioamine degradation and ketogluconic acid metabolic pathway.Conclusion OSA patients have obvious gut microbiota disturbances,and Pseudomonas may affect the development of OSA by participating in substance metabolism to serve as the potential target gut bacteria for OSA treatment.