Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is the cause of significant health and death problems worldwide. Indonesia is known as the second highest country with TB burden in the world after India. The incident of TB is further increasing in diabetes mellitus patients. Diabetes mellitus disrupts the body’s immune function; thus, patients are more susceptible to infection, including TB. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus history (DM) among newly diagnosed TB patients in Surabaya. Methods: 160 patients were grouped into two groups; the first group (67 patients) was positive for TB and diabetes mellitus, and the second group (93 patients) was positive for TB only. Data were collected from TB patients based on acid-fast bacilli stain (AFB) and positive Xpert MTB/RIFF. Blood glucose level was collected from 2hrPPG, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Results: The prevalence of TB related with DM history was 42% from 55 ± 9.52 years old. Patients with TB-DM showed poor glucose blood level, their 2hrPPG was 301.43 ± 126.80 mg/dl, and the HbA1c result (> 6.5%) was 82%. The rifampicin resistant level result was not significantly different between TB and TB-DM (4.4% and 3% respectively). Conclusions: Our results highlight the incidence of DM history in TB positive patient that was hospitalized in Hajj Hospital. Therefore, it is important to monitor the prevalence of DM in TB newly diagnosed cases to assist practitioner to choose better treatment while considering the risk of DM interference.

Introduction: HIV infection attacks the immune system, thus making a person vulnerable to various secondary diseases. Various secondary infections trigger systemic endothelium activation and lead to sepsis. Comorbid diseases cause high morbidity and mortality rates in HIV patients. This study aims to determine the prevalence of secondary diseases in HIV patients. Methods: Analytic and descriptive study with crossectional study design. Data were obtained from medical records of hospitalized patients at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from August 2019 - February 2020. Results: Patients are dominated by the 30-39-year-old age group (48.8%) with male gender (69.4%), high school graduates (69.4%), private employees (44.7%), Muslim (90.3%), married (53.1%), CD4 <100 cells/µL (28.1%). From 392 patients, there were 46 2-time inpatients, seven 3-time inpatients times, and four 4-time inpatients, which brings a total of 320 HIV patients during the inclusion period. The highest prevalence of secondary disease was candidiasis oris (56.3%), tuberculosis (40.9%), and anemia (39.7%). There was association between age to complications (p= 0.042) and CD4 counts to complications (p= 0.022). Conclusion: HIV patients with CD4 counts of less than 200 cells / µL are very susceptible to various secondary diseases.