Objective To analysis of the causes, operative methods and the clinical results in patients with dislocated intraocular lens(IOL). Methods 11 cases (11 eyes) underwent surgical management of dislocated IOL were analyzed retrospectively. Results In the all cases trauma was the main cause; Surgical techniques included IOL exchange in 3 eyes and IOL removal in 1eye,removal combined with re-implantation in 5 eyes, simple cut the after cataract in 2 eyes, the final best-corrected visual acuity was 0.6~0.8 in 3 patients (27.27%), 0.4～0.5 in 4 patients (45.45%) ,0.2~0.3 in 2 patients (18.18%) and

75mmHg) underwent PBMV using standard Inoue technique, and the changes in clinical functional status and echo Doppler pulmonary systolic pressure during follow up were assessed. Results PBMV was successful in 39 patients. Immediately after the procedure, mitral valve area increased from (0.83?0.12)cm 2 to (1.75?0.11)cm 2 ,pulmonary systolic pressure decreased from (85?7)mmHg to (61?13)mmHg (all P

Objective To observe the effect of different doses of sufentanil on intubation guided by fiber bronchoscope in diffi‐cult airways .Methods One hundred and eighteen patients with difficult airways who underwent tracheal intubation were randomly divided into 3 groups [groupⅠ(n=40) ,groupⅡ (n=42) ,and groupⅢ (n=36)] .First all group received 1 μg/kg dexmedetomi‐dine ,then groupⅠ ,groupⅡ and group Ⅲ received sufentanil 0 .1μg/kg ,0 .2 μg/kg ,0 .3μg/kg infusion in bolus respectively .Heart rate(HR) ,mean arterial pressure(MAP)and saturation of pulse oximetry(SpO2 )were recorded at 5 min after patients arriving at operation room (T0 ) ,after drug infusion(T1 ) ,the time of intubation and seeing the epiglottis (T2 ) ,1 min(T3 )and 5 min(T4 )after intubation .side effect was recorded throughout the process .Results HR at T2 and T3 in groupⅡ and group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in group Ⅰ(P<0 .05) .MAP at T2 and T3 in groupⅡ and group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in groupⅠ(P<0 .05) .SpO2 at T2 in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than those of groupⅠ and groupⅡ(P<0 .05) .Cough reflex in groupⅠwas much frequent than others .Only group Ⅲ had respiratory inhibition .Conclusion Intravenous sufentanil (0 .2 μg/kg)could in‐hibit effectively stress reaction from endotracheal intubation ,in which less side effects such as haemodynamic changes and respirato‐ry depression occur .

AIM: To prepare Yuanhuzhitong Dispersible Tablet.(Rhizoma corydalis,Radix Angeliae Dahuricae) METHODS: To inspect formula and preparation technology of dispersible tablet using monofactor experiment and U_9(9~4) uniform design experiment on the basis of multi-markers. RESULTS: The weight of dispersible tablet was definited as 400 mg,the pharmaceutical adjuvants were 34% starch,40% MCC and 10% lactose as filler,8% cCMC-Na as disintegrat,15% PVPK_(30) alcohol water blend as adhesive on the basis of mono-factor test.(CONCLUSION): The formula is reasonable and technology is feasible.

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status,thyroid function and the prevalence of thyroid nodules of residents using non-iodized salt in Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province.Methods In 2011,using typical sampling method,6 villages/communities consumption of non-iodized salt were selected as study fields and residents aged 6-70 were selected as study subjects in Ningbo.Urinary iodine detection,thyroid ultrasound examination and tests of thyroid function [free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb)] were performed in all participants.Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was determined by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry,and thyroid function was monitored by chemiluminescence method.Results A total of 1 177 residents agreed to participate in the study,482 were male,and 695 were female (including 2 pregnant women).The participants' mean age was (48.54 ± 13.98) years.The median UIC in all participants was 90.36 μg/L,and the proportions with a UIC ＜ 100μg/L was 56.07％ (660/1 177).Furthermore,the median UIC in male was 97.05 μg/L and in female was 83.84 μg/L,there was a significant difference in UICs between male and female (Z =-2.99,P ＜ 0.05).Similarly,significant difference in UICs was observed among age groups (x2 =99.34,P ＜ 0.01).Among the participants,19.88％ had thyroid nodules,with standardized prevalence rate of 13.95％.Furthermore,in male,11.83％ had thyroid nodules,with standardized prevalence rate of 8.11％,and in female was 25.47％,with standardized prevalence rate of 19.83％,there was a significant difference in the detection rate of thyroid nodules between male and female (x2 =33.25,P ＜ 0.01).Likewise,significant difference in the detection rate of thyroid nodules was observed among age groups (x2=49.65,P＜ 0.01),and there was a positive and significant correlation between the detection rate of thyroid nodules and increasing age (x2trend =44.22,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The residents who using non-iodized salt in Ningbo City are in the status of iodine deficiency.The detection rate of thyroid nodules is higher in female than in male and it has increased with age.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules among residents of Ningbo City and to explore the risk factors for thyroid nodules.Methods Totally 3 596 residents aged 6-70 were selected by multistage stratified cluster random sampling in Ningbo City,2011.Thyroid ultrasound examination was performed in all participants,while salt iodine and urinary iodine were measured.Possible risk factors for thyroid nodules were analyzed by single factor and multi-factor logistic regression.Results The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in residents of Ningbo City was 22.66％ (815/3 596),with standardized prevalence rate of 17.69％.Female [(odds ratio (OR) =2.06,95％ confidence interval (CI) =1.74-2.43],groups of aged 18-(OR =3.42,95％ CI =1.22-9.61),aged 40-(OR =13.06,95％ CI =4.80-35.51),aged 65-(OR =16.67,95％ CI =5.97-46.54) and occasional consumption of seafood habits (less than twice per week,OR =1.23,95％ CI =1.02-1.49) were significant associated with thyroid nodules.Conclusions There is no link Letween iodine nutrition and thyroid nodules.It is demonstrated that female and aged ≥ 18 groups have higher risk of thyroid nodules; frequent consumption of seafood seems to be a protective factor.

Aim To prepare a new oral colon-specific delivery formulation and to investigate the release profile in vitro and the colon-specific delivery property in vivo in dogs. Methods Sodium 4-aminosalicylic acid was selected as the model drug. The combination of Eudragit RL30D and RS30D were used as sustained-release film, and Eudragit FS30D used as enteric film, which was expected to release drug depending on pH and time. The release profile of tablets was studied in three phosphate buffers with the pH 6.5, 7.0 or 7.4 for 12 h after a simulated gastric presoak for 2 h in 0.1 mol · L-1 HCl. The tablets were radiolabelled with 99mTc to make their release times and positions in the gastrointestinal tract be followed using a gamma camera. Results For the in vitro study, there was no drug released in 0. 1 mol ·L- 1 HCl for 2 h, and release occurred slowly when pH was above 6.5. Drug was released faster while pH was higher. For the in vivo study, the coated tablets remained intact in the upper gastrointestinal tract, and drug release began after the colonic arrival. The uncoated tablets, however, disintegrated in the stomach of the dogs rapidly. Conclusion The coating could protect the drug until the tablets reached the ascending colon, where drug was released slowly for over 10 h.

Objective:To investigate the ocular clinical manifestations in pediatric patients with incontinentia pigmenti (IP).Methods:A case series study was carried out and a retrospective analysis was performed.Clinical data of 13 pediatric patients with IP treated from January 2013 to December 2019 in Xijing Hospital were collected.All the patients underwent regular ophthalmologic examination.Three patients accepted fundus fluorescein angiography and six eyes of five patients were treated with retinal photocoagulation or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) intravitreal injection according to severity of the condition.The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 6 years.The medical history, family history, systemic manifestations, ocular characteristics, diagnosis, treatment as well as ocular and systemic changes during follow-up were recorded and analyzed.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and the study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (No.KY20203287-1).Results:All the 13 patients were female aged from 5 days to 42 months at first visit, with the average age of 2.0 (1.0, 8.5) months.As for the main skin lesions at first visit, there were 4 cases in erythematous vesicle stage, 3 cases in verrucous exanthema stage, and 6 cases in hyperpigmented stage.There were 7 cases in shrinkage stage during follow-up.Among the 26 eyes of 13 patients, 18 eyes of 10 patients showed ocular anomalies, accounting for 76.9% of total patients (69.2% of total eyes). Among the 13 patients, 8 patients presented bilateral ocular involvement, 2 patients showed unilateral anomalies, and 3 patients had no ocular lesions.The retina was involved in all patients with ocular manifestations.The typical retinal lesions included avascular zone of peripheral retina in 13 eyes, tortuous and dilated retinal vessels in 10 eyes, increased vascular branch in 7 eyes, white linear retinal arteries and partial vascular occlusion in 4 eyes, retinal neovascularization in 3 eyes, total retinal detachment in 2 eyes, and retinal fold with macular lamellar hole in 1 eye.In addition, there was retinal hemorrhage in 11 eyes, retinal pigment changes in 4 eyes, grey ridge lesions in 3 eyes, macular dysplasia in 2 eyes, choroidal atrophy in 1 eye, optic gliosis in 1 eye and yellowish-white retinal exudate in 1 eye.There were also 4 patients with other ocular manifestations, such as strabismus and eyeball atrophy.Retinal photocoagulation was performed in 4 eyes of 3 patients and anti-VEGF intravitreal injection in 2 eyes of 2 patients.The retinal lesions regressed and the condition of patients kept stable during follow-up.Conclusions:The ocular clinical manifestations in patients with IP are usually typical and diverse, and the retinal vascular lesion is the main type.Early diagnosis and timely treatment are of great significance.

OBJECTIVETo understand the high risk behaviors of female sex workers (FSWs) in Yunnan province in 2013.

METHODSA cross-sectional investigation was conducted during April to June, 2013 in Yunnan province, census was used to the investigation where the number of FSWs was close to 200, while probability sampling was used where the number of FSWs was obviously over 200. A total of 25 574 cases were investigated, and data on demography and risk behaviors were obtained by questionnaires one by one.

RESULTSA total of 25 574 cases were investigated, AIDS awareness among FSWs in high-level places, middle-level places and low-level place were 98.8% (92/7 401), 98.6% (150/10 995), and 96.0% (281/6 655). FSWs from low-level place had a lower rate than those from the other two types of places (P < 0.01). The rate of condom use each time when having sex with clients within the recent one month among FESs from high-level places, middle-level places and low-level place were 93.4% (6 307/6 755), 93.8% (10 109/10 782) and 90.4% (6 053/6 697), and the FSWs working in low-level place had a lower rate than those from the other two types of places(P < 0.01). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that the following had a lower rate of condom use: the FSWs working in low-level place (OR = 1.56, 95% CI:1.36-1.79; OR = 1.36, 1.16-1.59), over 30 years old (OR = 0.77, 95%CI:0.69-0.85), Yunnan citizen (OR = 0.88, 95% CI:0.77-1.00), minority (OR = 1.32, 95% CI:1.16-1.50), under senior high school (OR = 0.61, 95%CI:0.49-0.75), married (OR = 0.81, 95% CI:0.71-0.92), living together (OR = 0.70, 95% CI:0.51-0.96), divorced or lost spouses (OR = 0.81, 95% CI:0.65-1.02), worked less than 6 months in local areas (OR = 1.74, 95% CI:1.34-2.27), drug users (OR = 1.65, 95% CI:1.11-2.46), had not accepted HIV interventions (OR = 2.91, 95% CI:2.36-3.58), had no knowledge about AIDS (OR = 4.50, 95% CI:3.48-5.82). The main reasons for not using condoms were the clients' unwilling to use, which accounted for 47.62% (270/567). The total rate of drug use was 1.0% (264/25 567) and the FSWs working in middle-level places had the highest rate of injecting drugs, which accounted for 0.6% (70/11 141). The FSWs working in low-level places had a higher rate than those who worked in high-level places and middle-level places in venereal diseases, which accounted for 1.2% (85/6 934) (P < 0.01). The rate of receiving effective interventions was 96.7% (24 717/25 574), the rate of accepting treatment and clean needles among drug users was 21.6% (57/264).

CONCLUSIONHigh risk behaviors were serious among the FSWs who worked in low-level places, especially among the olders, the minorities, people who had lower educational level, the new-comer and drug users, which indicated that more attention needs to be paid among these populations.

Age Factors ; China ; Condoms ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demography ; Drug Users ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Risk-Taking ; Safe Sex ; Sex Workers ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of mechanical chest compression (CC) combined with manual CC and single-manual CC on the outcome indexes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Methods The relevant publicly published literatures about the effects of mechanical CC combined with manual CC and single-manual CC on the outcome of CPR were searched by using the following Chinese keywords for retrieval: "cardiac arrest, asystole, sudden death, artificial recovery, artificial press, artificial CC, unarmed CPR, unarmed resuscitation, unarmed compressions, unarmed chest compressions, unarmed, artificial, resuscitation instrument, resuscitation machine, resuscitator, CPR, LUCAS, Autopulse, Thumper, MSCPR-1A"in databases such as China Biomedical Literature (CBM), VIP, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) from their dates of foundation to March 11, 2019, and using the following key words in English "heart arrest, cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary arrest, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Resuscitation, Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation, CPR, compression, mechanical, automatic, automated, load distributing band, LBD, Autopulse, LUCAS" to retrieve all the published articles especially concerning the topics on the application effects of mechanical combined with manual CC for IHCA patients' CPR in the America National Library database (PubMed), Excerpta Medica (EMbase), Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the databases to March 11, 2019. The indexes of outcomes included return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rate, survival rate after hospital discharge and incidence of complications. The literatures were extracted independently by two reviewers, the qualities of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were evaluated according to the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool, and the qualities of the included observational studies were evaluated according to the literature quality assessment form (NOS). Meta analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software, and publication bias was assessed by using funnel plot. Results Twenty-one studies were enrolled, including 11 RCT articles and 10 observational studies; there were 2 005 participants. The results of this Meta-analysis showed that compared with manual CC, the ROSC rate and after discharge survival rate of IHCA patients were obviously higher in combined CC group [ROSC: odds ratio (OR) = 2.50, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.03-3.09, P < 0.000 01; discharge survival rate: OR = 2.71, 95%CI = 1.91-3.85, P < 0.000 01]; the incidence of complications of combined CC was lower than that in single manual CC (OR = 0.30, 95%CI = 0.13-0.68, P = 0.004). The funnel plots indicated that there was no apparent bias in the ROSC; because the enrolled studies were relatively few, it was difficult to evaluate the symmetrical characteristics of the funnel plots for discharge survival rate and the complication rate. Conclusions For IHCA patients, combined CC can improve ROSC, discharge survival rate, and reduce the occurrence of complications. It is suggested that during the actual rescue of IHCA patients, it is better to use combined CC, that is to say, manual CC should be adopted immediately in the early stage and then replace the mechanical CC device as soon as possible.