Objective To explore the consistency of knee articular cartilage defect area by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and arthroscopy.Methods Thirty-six patients (36 knees)with knee cartilage lesions were collected in our study.The defect area meas-urement of knee articular cartilage by MRI and arthroscopy was compared.Results A total of 92 lesions were detected by both MRI and arthroscopy with an average of 2.6 defects per knee.Preoperative MRI resultes demonstrated the mean defect area per knee was (1.9±1.5)cm2 ,while arthroscopic measurement after debridement indicated the mean defect area per knee was (2.9±2.6)cm2 , which had significant difference(P <0.001).The area measured by MRI was less than that by arthroscopy,and the mean difference was (1.7 ± 1.1)cm2 .The mean area measured by MRI was 70.1% of that by arthroscopy.Conclusion Arthroscopy and MR have good consistency in the number of articular cartilage defect lesions .MRI can reflect the knee articular cartilage defect area directly or indirectly,and be capable of accurate positioning and qualitative diagnosis.

Objective To compare the measured values of activated platelets in different disease sta- tus,and the prevention and treatment effects of aspirin for thromboembolism.Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect CD_(62p)and CD_(63)level in peripheral activated platelets(PAP) of 126 cases of tumor patients and 60 cases of non-tumor patients, and detect the changes after taking aspirin. Results The CD_(62p)and CD_(63) levels of PAP were evidently higher in tumor patients than that of non-tumor patients(P

Objective:To analyze the polymorphism in human cDNA sequence of prothymosin-?(ProT?)by sequencing analysis.Methods:The cDNA of human ProT? was amplified from cells of peripheral blood and cord blood by RT-PCR.The product of RT-PCR was purified and linked with vector pMD18-T.After cloning and sequencing,the sequence of ProT? cDNA was compared with the standard sequence to analyze the polymorphism in the ProT? cDNA sequence.Results:The cloned ProT? cDNA sequence was different from that of the standard.We found 2 kinds of variations:(1)The nucleotide in 107 position was varied and the nucleotides in 110-121 and 191-205 positions were deleted;(2)The nucleotide in 306 position was deleted,mainly in the 60-80 years old group.Conclusion:We have identified 2 kinds of variations in human ProT? cDNA,but the first 28 amino acid in the N-terminal of cDNA of human ProT? are not involved therefore the variations do not affect the function of human ProT?.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the condition of early (≤ 30 d) postoperative pulmonary infection in children after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

METHODThe clinical data of 36 cases undergoing LDLT in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were analyzed retrospectively from June 2006 to December 2009.

RESULTOf 36 cases without preoperative respiratory disease, 17 were boys, 19 were girls. Their age ranged from 2 months to 14 years. Pulmonary infection developed in 24 patients, of whom 4 cases died (17%) and 3 deaths were related to pulmonary infection. Pulmonary infection occurred in 17 of 20 infants (85%) and 10 of 11 cases (91%) with liver function of Child-Pugh grade C. Twenty cases (83%) developed pulmonary infection within first 2 weeks after LDLT. Totally 65 pathogenic strains of microorganisms were isolated, in which Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi were 46 strains, 5 strains, 14 strains respectively. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14 strains), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8 strains) and Acinetobacter baumannii (8 strains). Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed a resistance rate of almost 100% to cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, the first, the second and some of the third generation cephalosporins. Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase had a resistance rate of almost 100% to beta-lactams except carbapenems. Acinetobacter baumannii was exquisitely susceptible to carbapenems, but showed a high resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. Candida albicans, which was the most common fungus, showed a susceptibility rate of 100% to amphotericin B. In the LDLT recipients of pulmonary infection, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections occurred in 2 patients and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection in 1 patient.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of early postoperative pulmonary infection was high in children undergoing LDLT, especially in infants. And the mortality should not be ignored. The high risk period for infection was within the first 2 weeks after operation. The pathogens were mainly Gram-negative bacteria, which showed high and multidrug resistance.

Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; etiology ; microbiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver Transplantation ; Living Donors ; Lung Diseases ; drug therapy ; etiology ; microbiology ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective: To explore mediation of emotional regulation in the association between aggression behavior and non-suicide self-injury among rural middle school students. Methods: A multi-stage stratified random cluster sample of 14 291 middle school students from 15 cities in five provinces of China (Anhui, Yunnan, Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Hubei). A structured questionnaire was used to assess non-suicide self-injury, emotional regulation and aggressive. Results: During the past year, about 28.51% of participates reported self-injury, with 13.39% of them had 5 times or more. The five dimensions of aggressive behavior were positively correlated with non-suicide self-injury(P<0.01), emotional regulation was negatively correlated with non-suicide self-injury(P<0.01). The mediating effect of emotional regulation between aggression (physical aggression, verbal aggression, indirect aggression, anger and hostility) and non-suicide self-injury was found significant, the ratio of whose were 25.93%, 22.73%, 19.61%, 27.55% and 18.80%, respectively. Conclusion Emotional regulation plays a mediating role in adolescent self-injury and aggression, indicating self-injury and aggression could be prevented by enhancing emotional regulation among adolescents.

Optimization of the fermentation condition for human apolipoproteinA-I expression in recombinant Escherichia coli was investigated. The recombinant plasmid pBV220-ApoA-I was transformed respectively into different E.coli hosts such as JM109, BL21(DE3),DH5?, BMH7118,and TG1. The best host E.coli was DH5? in which the recombinant ApoA-I expression percentage was 21.2% corresponding to that in BL21(DE3) in flask shaker cultivation,while the ApoA-I expressed percentage in E.coli TG1 was 11%.Fed-batch cultivation was performed in FMG-5L fermentor,the optimum fermentation cultivation conditions were as following :optimum pH value was 7.0 in growth phase and 7.4 in the expression phase. The initial glucose concentration in batch phase was 3 g?L -1.The optimum C/N ratio was 2∶1.The recombinant ApoA-I reached about 40% of the total protein, and concentration of ApoA-I was 2.86 g?L -1.

The temperature effect on the recombinant protein production formation was investigated in present study. The culture temperature of growth phase is 30℃, and the culture temperature of induction phase was arranged according to three modes. Hign cell-density and high expression culture of E.coli to product recombinant human apolipoprotein A-I Milano by two temperature-shifted induction . Two temperature-shifted induction was carried out high density and high expression recombinant human ApoA-1 Milano. The recombinant protein ApoA-I Milano reached 4.8 g?L -1 with the final cell density of OD 600 150. And the two temperature-shifted induction avoided the acetic acid successfully to the influence of the high density and high expression. Two temperature-shifted induction was viable in high density culture and high expression of heterogenous protein in recombination E.coli.The sduty provides a basic work for production of recombinant ApoA-I Milano in scale.

OBJECTIVETo summarize experience of pediatric intensive care and explore the incidence of complications, the involved pathogens among liver recipients to determine the effective strategies for preventing complications.

METHODSBetween June 2006 and July 2009, 35 children under the age of 14 yr received 35 liver transplantations (LTs) performed at the center. A retrospective review of 22 infants weighing 8.8 kg or less underwent 23 transplants was conducted. Indication for transplantation was biliary atresia. Central venous pressure and arterial blood pressure were monitored continuously and fluid monitoring was performed every 2 hours in the first postoperative week. Blood loss, ascites, and intraoperative transudate loss were primarily replaced with 5% albumin and crystalloids to maintain a central venous pressure between 4 and 6 cm H(2)O. Oral food intake was allowed as soon as possible. To identify vascular or biliary complications, liver doppler ultrasound was performed intraoperatively immediately after reperfusion and after closure of the abdominal wall and postoperatively, twice daily during the first week after surgery. Immunosuppression was initially cyclosporine based, in combination with steroids. Cyclosporine was begun one day prior to transplantation at a dose of 10 mg/(kg·d) divided into two doses, except for cases with hepatic encephalopathy and severe infection. The subsequent doses were adjusted on the basis of recommended trough blood concentrations at different stages. Steroids were eventually discontinued at a time point exceeding 6 months after transplantation. The diagnosis of rejection was confirmed by histology on needle biopsy specimens. Acute graft rejection episodes were treated with a 3-day scheme of IV methylprednisolone 10 mg/(kg·d) followed by recycling doses during the following 3 days (7.5, 5 and 2.5 mg/(kg·d).

RESULTSThe most common postoperative complications were infections (18 cases), gastrointestinal bleeding (3 cases), and vascular complications (4 cases). Rejection occurred in 25% of patients. There was one perioperative death from primary graft non-function. The most common isolated bacteria of the pathogen spectrum were Staphylococcus epidermidis. The median length of stay (LOS) in the PICU for 22 patients (23 transplants) was 10 days (range 5 - 21) and the mean length of stay in the hospital was (18.5 ± 116) days (range, 11 - 48 days). Mean requirement for artificial ventilation was 37.6 h. Mean use of dobutamine, prostaglandin E1 and dopamine was 3.3, 7.5 and 8.8 days, respectively. Preoperatively, 3 children had gastrointestinal bleeding, 18 had ascites, 2 had encephalopathy, 22 had jaundice, and 16 had coagulopathy. There were multiple early operative complications in these infants, including one graft with primary non-function (4.5%). Two patients (9.1%) returned for a total of three times for gastrointestinal bleeding or intra-abdominal hematoma. Three patients (13.6%) had early postoperative intestinal perforations related to adhesions or enterotomy, one was associated with a bowel obstruction. There were 26 episodes of bacterial or fungal infections in 18 (81.8%) patients in the early postoperative period, and infection was the direct/contributing cause of death in one infant. These infections included pneumonia, intra-abdominal abscess or sepsis. All of the bacterial and fungal infections were successfully treated with the appropriate antibacterial and antifungal agents, except for one patient who developed overwhelming sepsis after small bowel perforation. Four (18.2%) patients developed five episodes of acute allograft rejection during the first 15 days after LT. Three of the four patients who developed rejection were transplanted before 2007. All episodes of rejection were treated successfully with intravenous steroid pulse and optimization of cyclosporine levels or FK506 conversion. Of the 20 survivors beyond the perioperative period, two cases (10%) had hypertension requiring therapy.

CONCLUSIONSLiver transplantation in infants with biliary atresia appears technically demanding but acceptable. There should be essentially no age or size restriction for infants and transplantation can be performed with good outcome, although the frequency of complications is much higher than that seen in older children. The improvement in medical and nursing expertise in this group of very sick infants is based on judicious preoperative donor and recipient selection, meticulous surgical technique (vascular reconstruction and abdominal closure), immediate detection and prompt intervention of complications, and keen postoperative surveillance, which reflect a learning curve for both the technical aspects of liver transplantation and post-operative care of these very small patients in our institution. Liver transplantation for infants can be technically challenging.

Biliary Atresia ; surgery ; therapy ; Child, Preschool ; Critical Care ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver Transplantation ; Living Donors ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Postoperative Care ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo establish a novel Myc gene transgenic mouse model for spontaneously forming B-lymphoma and assessing its tumorigenesis potential.

METHODSFreshly isolated hematopoietic progenitor cells served as the target for Myc gene transfer mediated by a retrovirus vector. These cells were engrafted into C57BL/6 mice with (60)Co-gamma ray radiation in advance. Tumor latency was measured and the tumor loaded mice were followed for survival time. Tumor was identified with histology and immunostaining. The exogenous Myc gene was detected by Western blot (in liver, spleen, tumor tissue) and flow cytometry (FCM) \[in bone marrow (BM)\].

RESULTSMice BM-infected with mutant Myc gene more readily gave rise to B-cell lymphomas than those infected with wild type Myc gene did Myc gene was expressed highly in BM and tumor tissues but not in liver and spleen.

CONCLUSIONOur model will be a tool in assessing the transforming potential of Myc mutants and in studying cooperation between Myc and other oncogenes. Mutant Myc is more effective than wild-type Myc in promoting B cell lymphomagenesis in mice.

Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Flow Cytometry ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Retroviridae Infections

Objective: To explore the relationship between non-suicidal self-injury and Internet addictive behavior in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 15 538 middle school students across 5 provinces in China. Participants reported self- injury behavior during the past year and the Internet addition behaviors were assessed through Young’s Internet Addiction Test(IAT). Results: The prevalence of self-reported 1-year NSSI, Internet addictive behavior and pre-addictive behaviors was 28.7%, 3.3% and 29.9%, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, the Internet addition was positively correlated with NSSI, and the risk of all types of NSSI was higher in adolescent with Internet addition than those with mild suspected Internet addictive behavior(OR=1.3-2.8). Conclusion These findings indicate that Internet addition is associated with the incidence of NSSI in adolescents.