Retinocytoma is a benign tumor arising from the retina.Since it was first described by Gallie in 1982,retinocytoma has been progressively recognized.More and more clinical and pathological studies indicate that retinocytoma may be a early stage or a type of retinoblastoma.Retinocytoma is difficult to be found because of lack clinical signs.Therefore,it is very important for us to follow-up and screen the families of RB patient in order to intervene with the course of disease as early as possible for preventing and arresting the malignization of retinocytoma toward RB.The name alteration,clinical manifestations,histopathological features,molecular mechanism and heredity characteristics were reviewed.

Cell Hypoxia ; Humans ; Misonidazole ; analogs & derivatives ; Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Radiography ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated

Objective: To study the relationship between the damage of the central neuron and the brain structure and function of the rats with chronic stress.Methods: Male Wistar rats(n=30) weighting about 185-255g were divided into the test group(T,n=15) and the contral group(C,n=15) randomly.The rats in group T were exposed to various types of stresses every day for consecutive 21 days.The rats in group C did not receive any stress during 21 days.Every rat was weighed,open-field tested and measured for the brain by MR before the test and on the 22nd day.Also,on the 22nd day,the brains were removed and cut coronally.The apoptosis was detected by techniques of terminal deoxynucleotibyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labling(TUNEL).Results: Weight and the result of Open-field test: compared with group C,group T showed less weight,increased stopping time in the center,decreasing rearing and grooming and increased defecation after 21-day stress(P

Objective To explore the effect of Shenling Baizhu Powder and moxibustion on serum brain-gut peptide in patients with diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS). Methods Sixty D-IBS cases were randomly divided into two groups, 30 cases in the treatment group were given Shenling Baizhu Powder and moxibustion therapy, and 30 patients in the control group were given loperamide hydrochloride capsule. Treatment for the two groups lasted for 4 weeks. Clinical symptoms and serum brain gut peptide (5-HT, VIP and SP) levels of two groups were observed before and after treatment, clinical efficacy were evaluated. Results Markedly effective rate of the treatment group was 66.7% (20/30), better than 33.3% (10/30) in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, clinical symptom scores of the treatment group decreased significantly (P<0.01), while only diarrhea and abdominal pain improved in the control group (P<0.01), with statistical significance (P<0.01). After treatment, serum 5-HT, VIP, and SP of the treatment group were decreased (P<0.01), while these indexes of the control group did not change significantly (P>0.05), with statistical significance (P<0.01). Conclusion Clinical efficacy of Shenling Baizhu Powder and moxibustion in treating D-IBS is better than that of loperamide hydrochloride capsule, and can significantly improve clinical symptoms and regulate serum brain-gut peptides levels.

Objective To study the clinical significance of systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index(SLEDAI) in the treatement of SLE. Methods Disease activity of every patient with SLE 10 days before admission and before discharging was assessed using the SLEDAI system. The patients were treated separately with prednisone, pulse methylprednisolone and/or pulse cyclophosphamide according to their conditions. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software. Results ①The difference of SLEDAI between the patients before admission and discharging was significant (P

Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Elbow Joint ; injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; therapy ; Tennis Elbow ; therapy

AIM: To study the effect of torsional mode phacoemulsification on cornea in patient with age-related cataract.METHODS: Totally 161 age-related cataract patients (196 eyes) were assigned randomly to phacoemulsification by torsional mode(Group A) or conventional ultrasound mode (Group B) in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014.The intraoperative data of effective ultrasound time(UST)and effective cumulative dissipated energy(CDE) were recorded.Postoperative outcomes and the change of the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),corneal edema degree(CED),central corneal thickness(CCT) and endothelial cell count were also recorded and compared.RESULTS: For grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ nuclear density,the mean UST and mean CDE were significantly lower in Group A.The average BCVA of Group A was better than Group B at 1 and 7d after surgery.But at 30d postoperative,there was no statistical difference between these two groups(P>0.05).The corneal clarity and the mean change of central thickness showed significantly less corneal edema in Group A than Group B in 1 and 7d postoperatively.This difference was no longer found significantly at 30d after surgery(P>0.05).At 7 and 30d postoperative,the endothelial cells in Group B were lower than in Group A.CONCLUSION: By reducing the effective UST and CDE intraoperatively,the main effect of torsional mode phacoemulsification on cornea shows less damage to endothelium cells,and patients get better prognosis.But the damage to cornea by torsional mode phacoemulsification isn`t fundamentally solved.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacies of polypropylene-polyglactic composite mesh, polyester mesh, polypropylene mesh in Lichtenstein repair for inguinal hernia.Methods The clinical data of 1 080 patients with primary unilateral inguinal hernia who were admitted to the Tianjin People's Hospital from February 2012 to May 2013 were prospectively analyzed.A randomized controlled study was performed based on a random numble table.All the patients were allocated into the ProGrip group (Parietex ProGripTM Self-Fixating Mesh), PET group (ParietexTM Lightweight Monofilament Polyester Mesh) and PP group (BardTM Soft Mesh).Patients received standard Lichtenstein tension-free repair under local anesthesia and were followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview till May 2014.The indexs observed during the follow-up included occurrence of complications, post-operative pain and postoperative health-related quality of life.The following indexes were recorded : time of mesh fixation, operation time, hernia recurrence, pain degree at postoperative week 1 and month 1, 6, 12 by numerical rating scale (NRS), quality of life at postoperative month 1 by SF-36 questionnaire survey including physical function, role physical, body pain, general health, vitality, social function, role emotional,mental health.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s.Comparisons among groups were analyzed by ANOVA and pairwise comparison by t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were presented as M (range) and repeated measurement data were analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA.Count data were evaluated by the chi-square test and Fisher exact probability.Postoperative moderate and severe pain rates were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by the Log-rank test.Results There were 1 022 patients screened for eligibility including 367 patients in the ProGrip group, 346 patients in the PET group and 309 patients in the PP group.The time of mesh fixation and operation time were (1.3 ± 0.5) minutes and (30 ± 5) minutes in the ProGrip group, (4.9 ± 0.9) minutes and (45 ± 7) minutes in the PET group, (5.0 ± 0.9) minutes and (44 ± 7)minutes in the PP group, respectively, showing significant differences among the 3 groups (F =6.21, 4.33,P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in the time of mesh fixation and operation time between the ProGrip group and the PET group (t =1.36, 4.39, P ＜ 0.05), and also between the ProGrip group and the PP group (t =2.67, 2.99, P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the time of mesh fixation and operation time between the PET group and the PP group (t =0.98, 0.63, P ＞ 0.05).Nine hundred and nine patients were followed up for a median time of 13 months (range, 12-26 months) , with a follow-up rate of 88.943％ (909/1 022).The number of recurred hernia in the ProGrip group, the PET group and the PP group was 1, 0, 0,showing no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The NRS scores of pain from postoperative week 1 to postoperative month 12 were ranged from 0 (0-2) to 0 (0-0) in the ProGrip group, from 2(0-5) to 0(0-0) in the PET group and from 1 (0-4) to 0 (0-0) in the PP group.The number of patients with moderate and severe pain was ranged from 52(14.17％) to 0(0) in the ProGrip group, from 87 (25.14％) to 0 (0) in the PET group and from 89 (28.80％) to 0(0) in the PP group.There were no significant differences in the changing trends of NRS scores of pain and number of patients with moderate and severe pain among the 3 groups (F =1.66, x2=1.52, P ＞ 0.05).The scores of physical function in the ProGrip group, PET group, PP group at postoperative month 1 were 52 ± 4,50 ± 6, 50 ± 6, the scores of role physical were 50 ± 6, 50 ± 6, 50 ± 5, the scores of body pain were 52 ± 7, 52 ± 7, 52 ± 7, the scores of general health were 63 ± 4, 57 ± 9, 58 ± 8, the scores of vitality were 63 ± 5, 62 ± 6,63 ± 6, the scores of social function were 58 ± 4, 58 ± 8, 57 ± 8, the scores of role emotional were 59 ± 4, 57 ± 8,58 ± 8, and the scores of mental health were 65 ± 4, 63 ± 5, 63 ± 6, respectively, showing no significant differences in above indexes among the 3 groups (F =2.36,3.65,1.98,2.41, 6.32, 2.33, 4.21, 3.52, P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Patients undergoing Lichtenstein repair for inguinal hernia with polypropylene-polyglactic composite mesh, polyester mesh and polypropylene mesh have comparative of incidence of postoperative complications, postoperative pain, quality of life, and present postoperative long-term low recurrence, low incidence of pain and relatively high quality of life.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE),deepen the understanding of KHE and Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP),and discuss the optimal treatment for KHE.Methods From January 2008 to August 2016,13 cases of KHE were confirmed by surgery or biopsy pathology and admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University,and the clinical diagnosis and treatment were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 13 patients(7 males and 6 females) with a median age of 1.0 years(0.2-10.0 years),and 84.6%(11/13 cases) were infants and young children,76.9% (10/13 cases) involved with deep tissue,23.1% (3/13 cases) were associated with KMP and they were younger than 1 year old,and 15.4% (2/13 cases) coexisted with hemangioma or lymphangioma.The location,extent and infiltration depth of the lesion were observed by imaging examinations and histopathology showed nodule shaped spindle tumor cells.Radical resection was considered if possible.Dose of Vincristine (0.5 mg/m2 weekly) and Propranolol [1 mg/(kg·d)] were administered.The prognosis was different in thirteen cases undergoing different treatments.After 3 months to 9 years follow-up,41.7% (5/12 cases) survived after tumor treatment.Conclusions KHE happens mostly in infants and young children,with varying clinical manifestations and a high recurrence rate.The diagnosis of KHE is based on histological examination,computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging while it still need explicit pathological diagnosis is needed.KHE may be accompanied by hemangioma or lymphangioma.Prognosis is affected by many factors and the comprehensive treatment is required.KMP should be remedied preferentially,individual treatment protocol and long term follow-up are necessary.

Objective To explore the risk factors,the distribution of etiology and drug resistance status of patients with early infection (3 months) after liver transplantation,and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical data of 112 recipients from February 2014 to December 2015 were collected,and logistic regression analysis was performed on the risk factors of early postoperative infection in liver transplant patients.The independent risk factors of infection after liver transplantation were screened out.At the same time,the results of pathogen culture and drug sensitivity test were statistically described.Results The independent risk factors for infection at 3th month after liver transplantation included the operative time ≥600 min [P =0.003,odds ratio (OR) =9.996,95 ％ confidence interval (95 ％ CI),2.221-44.981],intensive care unit (ICU) ≥6 days (P =0.010,OR =6.306,95％ CI =1.563-25.437),Child-Pugh grade of C (P =0.023,OR =6.298,95％ CI =1.294-30.659).Of the 112 liver transplant recipients,59 had an infection (52.68％),and 168 stains of pathogens were isolated.The positive rate of the specimens was highest in sputum,followed by bile,ascites,drainage and catheter end,blood,deep vein catheter,middle urinary,pleural effusion and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).The detectable rate of gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria,fungi and viruses was 46.43％ (78 strains),29.76％ (50 strains),18.45％ (31 strains),and 5.36％ (9 strains) respectively.Infection occurred mainly within 1 month after surgery,accounting for about 80.36％ (135 strains),especially at 1st week after surgery,accounting for about 34.52％ (58 strains).Gram-positive bacteria had a higher drug resistance rate,including penicillins,macrolides,aminoglycosides,quinolones,linamides,etc.especially in the highest rate of Enterococcus faeciurr.Gram-negative bacteria were individualized based on the different strains of the bacteria,and they were relatively low in the resistance of the carbapene.Conclusion Infection is one of the most common complications after liver transplantation.To reduce the incidence of infection after liver transplantation,efforts should be made to shorten the duration of operation and ICU stay time,improve the basic nutritional status of recipients,and enhance monitoring of the recipient's infection after liver transplantation,to further increase the survival rate of postoperative liver transplantation recipients and improve the quality of life.