This review aims to explore the mechanism of occurrence and progression of lymphatic metastasis of cancer and its role in cancer therapy. The pace of research into lymphatic system continues to accelerate with the availability of lymphatic molecular markers, such as lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1), the lymphatic receptor for hyaluronan. Recently, biological functions of LYVE-1 and its role in cancer metastasis have become the focus of worldwide attention. Clarification of the precise role of LYVE-1 in lymphatic metastasis is of great significance in exploring novel cancer treatment. This paper reviews the progress in LYVE-1 related to lymphatic metastasis of cancer. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Objective To analyze effect of three level nursing quality control management model on the quality of the nursing service in the department of general surgery.Methods Analysis in the implementation of nurs-ing quality control before and after nursing quality and the improvement of the examination results of nurses situation in general surgery department of our hospital were compared between the 2012 -2013 without the implementation of three level quality control mode and 2013 -2014 of establishment of the three level nursing quality control manage-ment mode,which was set the nursing quality monitoring nurses,quality monitoring group leader and quality monito-ring nurses in three level nursing quality control system.Results After the implementation of quality control,the quality of basic nursing score[(94.02 ±2.01)points],ward management quality score[(94.13 ±3.04)points],first aid management quality score[(96.22 ±4.06)points]and disinfection and isolation,and the quality score[(95.13 ± 3.04)points]and quality control of basic nursing quality score[(8.121 ±3.31 )points],ward management quality score[(81.35 ±2.34)points],emergency management quality score [(91.42 ±4.36 )points]and disinfection [(81.74 ±3.44)points]degrees and isolation quality scores were significantly higher than those of before three level quality control nursing management model(t =33.07,33.32,8.06,29.17,all P <0.05).Nursing quality control of nursing personnel the technical operation of the average score [(96.35 ±1.03)points],theory test average score [(95.73 ±0.98)points],average and quality control of nursing personnel and technical operation [(89.42 ± 2.49)points],theory test average score[(90.36 ±1.79)points]were obviously higher.The results had statistical significance (t =25.72,26.32,all P <0.05).Conclusion Three level nursing quality control management model established in the general surgery department had remarkable effect on the quality of the nursing service,which is safe and reliable,and improving the quality of nursing.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous quality improvement nursing on grasping disease knowledge and satisfaction of patients with thyroid tumors.Methods 86 cases of patients with thyroid cancer were enrolled.They were devided into the observation group(42 cases)and the control group(46 cases)according to the date of admission.Patients in control group were treated with routine care,while patients in the observation group were treated with continuous quality improvement nursing on the basis of the control group.The effects of nursing in the two groups were compared and analysized.Results After intervention,the scores of cognitive thyroid tumors,daily preventive health care,thyroid cancer surgery and surgical considerations in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,theses differences were statistically significant between the two groups (t =9.806,10.271, 9.924,12.053,all P <0.05).The rate of satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higther than that in the control group(92.86%/75.00%),theses difference was statistically significant between the two groups (χ2 =9.025,P <0.05).Conclusion Continuous quality improvement nursing can effectively improve the diseases -related knowledge in patients with thyroid benign tumor,which contributes to the smooth operation and improves surgical results.

OBJECTIVE To look into and analyze the application of antibacterial used in our hospital in order to enhance the rationality of clinical usage. METHODS We conducted the survey by means of picking out examples in numbers within a definite range,looking back at the records with regard to it from Jan 2004 to Dec 2004. RESULTS Altogether there were 5 302 medical records.The percentage of using antibacterial was 70.24%,from which 45.22-36.68% were used two kinds and 8.54% were used more than two kinds.As to the basis,preventive use taken up a large proportion,accounted for 48.93%;the main route was by intravenous injection,which added up to 74.03%.Of the antibacterials applied,the first three were penicillins;aminoglycosides;cephalosporins.The percentage for surgical application was 94.49%,from them 57.14% used 2 or more kinds for treatment of incision of type Ⅰ. CONCLUSIONS It is very necessary and urgent to supervise the management of the rational application of antibacterial.

Objective To observe the pathological changes of hippocampus and myelin in rats with frontal cereberal ischemia and reperfusion after treated with methylcobalamine and to discuss the mechanism of the cerebral protective effect of methylcobalamine.Methods Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion models were made by clamping bilateral carotid arteries.Forty-five male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to sham-operation group,ischemia-reperfusion group and methylcobalamine group(n=15).1,2,4 weeks after reperfusion the rats in each group were divided into three groups(n=5).The pathological changes of hippocampus and myelin were observed by using light microscope,HE staining,LFB staining and electron microscope.Results The pyramidal neurons in hippocampus in ischemia and reperfusion groups expressed putrescence and myelin necrosis or demyelination at 1st week,and the histomorphological changes at 4th week were significant than that at 2nd week.The followings were observed in electron microscope: dimness,partly solubilization and collapsablity in myelin.The pyramidal neurons in hippocampus of therapy groups were similar to normal one and myelin expressed compaction and shipshape.The changes were more obvious at 4th week.Conclusion Methylcobalamine can obviously decrease the ischemia lesion of hippocampus and myelin and protect the brain function.

The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) - a group of transcription factors ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues, plays a critical role in orchestrating the intricate cellular interactions that characterize vertebrate development and morphogenesis. Recently, accumulated evidence points to an emerging role for NFAT transcription factors in cancer progression. Various NFAT isoforms are remarkably functional in tumor cells and multiple compartments in the tumor microenvironment, promoting carcinogenesis and cancer invasion. This review highlights the current knowledge about the role of NFAT in oncobiology, including tumor generation, growth, survival, malignant transformation, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. Clarifying the parts played by NFAT in tumor progression will help the development of effective therapeutics that target the NFAT pathway in neoplastic progression and metastasis.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of Moutan Cortex at different growth stages. Methods: Metabonomics based on high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was applied to find the variation of different growth stages. Results: Forty-six metabolites were identified by MS molecular ions and major fragments in conjugation with literature data. The results of principal component analysis showed that the constituent of Moutan Cortex at three growth stages were obviously different. The levels of 13 metabolites were related to the growth time of Moutan Cortex. One-year-old Moutan Cortex contained higher levels of malic acid and gallic acid, suggesting the requirement of sufficient materials for growth and synthesis of complicated secondary metabolites at the first stage. However, in two- and three-years-old Moutan Cortex the levels of some important active compounds such as paeonol and monoterpene glucosides increased. It could be deduced that within three years grouth, good quality of Moutan Cortex was associated with the longer growth time. Conclusion: These results provide the evidence for the quality evaluation of Moutan Cortex at different growth stages, and demonstrate that metabonomics is a powerful approach for the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese malera medica.

Objective To investigate the status of the cognition ,attitude and behavior related to hepatitis B among the college students in the business school ,and to provide the reference for making a reasonable and effective measures of prevention and health education .Methods A self‐designed questionnaire was used to surveyed 548 college students .Results The total awareness rate a‐bout the core information of hepatitis B prevention and treatment among the students was 81 .81% ,and rate of awareness of each hepatitis B question was between 54 .56% and 95 .44% .The total awareness rate of girls(82 .45% )was higher than boys(80 .69% ) (χ2 =5 .536 ,P=0 .019) .The total awareness rate of students in grade 3 and 4 (83 .13% )was higher than that of students in grade 1(79 .44% )(χ2 =17 .247 ,P=0 .000) .78 .83% student treated hepatitis B patients with the right mental attitude and students ac‐quired knowledge mainly from TV‐broadcast(75 .55% ) .Conclusion The college should strengthen health education on hepatitis B to improve students′awareness of hepatitis B ,eliminate hepatitis B discrimination and to improve the students′consciousness of prevention and treatment .

Objective To explore the effect of Jiawei Wendan decoction on whole regulating function of CaMK/MAPK signal pathway in hippocampus of depression model rats.Methods Isolated depression model rats as research object were living unpredictable chronic stress.Based on the examination of mRNA/protein expression which was the key factor of the signal pathway of CaMK/MAPK and the intersection CREB1 mRNA expression,the relationship between CaMK Ⅱ/RSK protein expression and the CREB1 mRNA expression were analyzed with relation analysis method.Results ① Bidirectional correlation analysis:the respective coefficient (r value) of CaMK Ⅱ protein expression and the CREB1mRNA expression in hippocampus of the model group,Chinese medicine treatment group and western medicine treatnent group were-0.502 (P ＜ 0.01),-0.643 (P ＜ 0.01),-0.408 (P＜ 0.05) ;the respective coefficient(r value) of RSK protein expression and the CREB1 mRNA expression in hippocampus of the model group,Chinese medicine treatment group and western medicine treatment group were 0.550 (P ＜ 0.01),0.687 (P ＜ 0.0 l),0.407 (P ＜ 0.01).②Regression analysis:the respective regression coefficient of CaMK Ⅱ protein (positive direction),RSK protein (negative direction) and CREB1 mRNA expression in the model group,Chinese nedicine treatment group and western medicine treatment group were R 2 =0.472,F =12.983(P＜0.01),R2=0.666,F=28.961(P＜0.01),R2=0.356,F=8.004(P＜0.01).Conclusion The anti-depressant effect mechanism of Jiawei Wendan decoction is to regulate the whole function of the CaMK and MAPK signal pathway and then further up-regulate CREB1 mRNA expression.

AIM:To compare the synthesis efficiency of n3 and n6 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ( VLC-PUFA ) by overexpressing ELOVL4 protein, providing guidance for treating Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STGD3).
METHODS:To establish recombinant adenovirus with the ELOVL4 protein and green fluorescent protein, transferred into cultured PC12 cells. The cells were divided into 3 groups: PC12, PC12 + Ad- GFP and PC12 + Ad-ELOVL4, former two groups serve as controls. ELOVL4 gene expression was quantified by qRT-PCRs. ELOVL4 protein was analyzed by Western - Blot ( WB ) . The transduced cells were treated with both EPA and AA (1:1). After 48h of incubation, cells were collected, total lipids extracted and fatty acid methyl esters prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) .
RESULTS:When supplemented together, 20:5n3 (EPA) and 20:4n6 ( AA) were efficiently taken up at almost the same amounts in the PC12 cells regardless of ELOVL4 expression. The ELOVL4-expressing cells elongated both EPA and AA to a series of n3 and n6 VLC-PUFAs. From 20:5n3/EPA, 34:5n3 and 36:5n3 account for 0. 71% and 1.6%, respectively. From 20:4n6/DHA, 34:4n6 and 36:4n6 were only 0. 46% and 0. 61%, respectively. The total relative mol% of n3 VLC-PUFAs synthesized from EPA was almost two times that of n6 VLC-PUFAs synthesized from AA.
CONCLUSION: ELOVL4 protein preferentially elongates n3 PUFA to VLC - PUFAs over n6 PUFA. Dietary supplementation of appropriate n3/n6 PUFAs may provide STGD3 patients with some therapeutic benefits.