OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of Gentiana scabra in Qingre jiedu oral solution. METHODS: HPLC method was established to determine the content of gentiamarin in the oral solution. 299 batches of Qingre jiedu oral solution in circulation were measured and evaluated. RESULTS: Developed HPLC method is simple and reliable. The quality of Qingre jiedu oral solution in circulation is not satisfied. CONCLUSION: Great importance should be attached to the manufacture procedures monitoring of Qingre jiedu oral solution and quality control of G. scabra.

Objective To explore the preventive effect of Bailing capsules(BL) on myocardial fibrosis in the viral myocarditis(VMC) mice models and to clarify the possible mechanism.Methods The models of VMC were established by injecting Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3) solution into 50 BALA/C mice.The 31 mice were divided into model group(n =11),large dose BL group(n =10)and small dose BL group (n =10).At the same time the control group (n =10) was established.The mice in model group and control group were fed with water 1 mL/d,the mice in large dose BL group were fed with BL at a dose of 7.5 g/(kg · d),and the mice in small dose BL group were fed with BL at a dose of 2.5 g/(kg · d).After 60 d,the levels of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) in blood serum of mice in various groups were detected by using ELISA.Myocardium tissue of mice was stained by Masson and collagen volume fraction(CVF)was accounted.At the same time,the content of periostin mRNA and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-[β1) mRNA in myocardium tissue of mice were detected by adopting reverse transcription(RT)-PCR.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of serum Ang Ⅱ,CVF,TGF-β1 mRNA and periostin mRNA were increased (all P ＜ 0.01) in the model group.Compared with the model group,the levels of serum Ang Ⅱ,CVF and TGF-β1 mRNA were obviously decreased in large dose BL group and small dose BL group (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the model group,the level of periostin mRNA was obviously decreased in large dose BL group (P ＜ 0.05),but the level of periostin mRNA in small dose BL group was not decreased obviously (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions BL can offer some protection to myocardial fibrosis in VMC mice.The possible mechanism may be performed through inhibiting the expression of serum Ang Ⅱ and TGF-β1 in myocardium tissue to reduce the expression of periostin.

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of mitochondrial DNA12SrRNA A1555G mutation in Chinese populations with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss by the literature review and find the main actual deficiencies in course of epidemiological study.Methods From Cbmdisc and PUBMED database pulled out were all published epidemiological literatures about Chinese mtDNA12SrRNA A1555G mutation from 1996 to 2008.Reviewed were the primary data of these studies including the number of samples,demographic characteristics of the samples,mutation frequencies,interrelations between the mutation and aminoglycoside exposure and so on.Results 21 papers out of 25 were induded in this study.The patients had non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss from 14 regions of China.A total of 3 473 were found including 230 patients with A1555G mutation and the average mutation frequency was 6.62%.The samples in each regions ranged from 72 to 802 and the reported mutation frequencies were from 0.67%-14.6%.The statistical discrepancy was significant among mutation frequencies in different regions by χ~2 test(P=0.0000).The number of patients with aminoglycoside antibiotics exposure was 739 including 100 with A1555G mutation in all literatures.The proportions in different regions were from 2.70% to 33.33% with the average of 13.53%.The average proportion was significantly higher than the mutation frequency in patients with non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss.Conclusion Some deficiencies in epidemiological research Omutation in China included age,ethnic,and geographic bias,insufficiency of samples,inadequate randomization and so on.Researchers should focus with more efforts on the epidemiological characteristics of A1555G mutation in Chinese people.

Objective To investigate the association of the LIPC-C480T (rs1800588) and lipid levels and dyslipidemia in different age-and-sex groups in Han Chinese population.Methods The serum TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer in 2420 health adults (1527 men and 893 women).The genotypes of rs1800588 were detected by M ALDI-TOF MS.According to the age difference (≤44,45-59 and ≥60-year-old),the total samples were divided to young (241 men and 201 women),middle-aged (652 men and 360 women) and older (634 men and 332 women) groups.The effects of genotypes on 4 serum lipid indicators in each age-and-gender group were analyzed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA),and the odd risk of genotypes on dyslipidemia was estimated by binary Logistic regression analysis.The P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The frequence of allele T for LIPC rs1800588 in this population is 39.4％.In each age group the lipid parameters are quite different between males and females.Compared with those with CC genotype,middle-aged and elder men with CT or TT genotype have higher TC and HDL-C levels,and elder men with TT genotype also have higher TC level ; young women bearing CT genotype have higher TC level,and the CT and TT genotypes have higher HDL-C levels,middle aged women with CT or TT genotype have higher TC and TG levels,and CT genotype also have higher HDL-C level,the elder women with TT genotype have higher HDL-C level.Compared with those CC genotype individuals,the risk for mixed hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia increases 2.318 folds (P =0.004) and 2.571 folds (P ＜ 0.001) respectively,while the risk for low HDL-C decreases 1.908 folds (P =0.029) for TT genotypes individuals among elder males; the hypercholesterolemia risk increasc 1.688 (P =0.036) and 2.099 times (P =0.040) in CT and TT genotypes respectively,and the risks for hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia are 2.060 (P =0.038) and 2.381 (P =0.019) times higher than those with CC genotype among middle-aged females.Conclusions The LIPC rs1800588 site associates with the lipid levels and dyslipidmia risk in Han Chinese in an age-and-sex model.This SNP site has higher impact on lipid levels and dyslipidemia among elder males and middle-aged females,and the T allele is the risk factor.

ObjectiveTo explore the procedures and methods for genetic diagnosis in one nonsyndromic variants of congenital neutropenia (NSVCN) patient and its pathogenic mutation.Methods Genomic DNA was prepared from one NSVCN patient who had progressed to chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and ELA2,HAX1,WASp and GFI1 genes were amplified and sequenced.Results A novel compound heterogeneous mutation consisting of two frame-shift mutations (c.430-1insG and c.655- 9del5bp) was found in HAX1 gene.ConclusionA practically genetic diagnosis procedure for NSVCN has been established,and the novel HAX1 gene mutation may contribute to the etiology of NSVCN.

Corneal opacity is one of the most commonly used parameters for estimating postmortem interval (PMI). This paper proposes a new method to study the relationship between changes of corneal opacity and PMI by processing and analyzing cornea images. Corneal regions were extracted from images of rabbits' eyes and described by color-based and texture-based features, which could represent the changes of cornea at different PMI. A KNN classifier was used to reveal the association of image features and PMI. The result of the classification showed that the new method was reliable and effective.

Objective To investigate gene polymorphisms of drug targets and mutations associated with drug resistance in Pneumocystis jiroveci (P.jiroveci) isolates.Methods Among 148 samples isolated from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infected patients with pneumonia in Guangdong,mitochondrid larg subunit rRNA (mtLSUrRNA) gene was amplified from 51 samples.Dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS),dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and Cytochrome b (CYB) genes of P.jiroveci were detected by gene sequencing,and compared with the reference sequences in GenBank to evaluate gene polymorphisms.Results P.jirovecii DHPS,DHFR and CYB genes were all successfully amplified from 51 samples.For DHPS gene,48 (94.1％) were wild-type and 3 (5.9％) had gene mutation associated with drug resistance.For DHFR gene,30 were wild-type,and 21 had a synonymous mutation at position 312,and 1 nonsynonymous mutation at position 188.There were no mutations associated with drug resistance.For CYB gene,polymorphisms of were detected at 5 sites,4 of which were synonymous mutations,1 was non-synonymous mutation.No mutation associated with drug resistance was found.Based on the gene polymorphism of CYB6,the strains can be classified into 6 genotypes,and 2 were first detected,including 25 CYB1,13 CYB2,2 CYB5,4 CYB8,as well as newly detected 4 CYB10 and 3 CYB11 strains.Conclusions The mutations associated with drug resistance in P.jiroveci isolates in Guangdong remain uncommon.CYB gene shows gene polymorphisms and can be selected as one of targeted genes for multilocus sequence typing.

Objective To investigate the endothelial dysfunction in pre-hypertension and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 373 youth were divided as the subjects into hypertension group (HBP group),prehypertension group (PHT group) and normal blood pressure group (NBP group).Endothelial function was assessed based on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT),brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).Results IMT and baPWV in PHT group were higher than those in NBP group (P＜0.05),but did not reach the significant difference when compared with HBP group (P＞0.05).Compared with HBP,the levels of FMD in PHT group significantly increased (P＜ 0.05);however,no difference was observed in comparison with NBP group (P＞0.05).In the early stage of hypertension,diastolic BP (β=-0.120,P＜0.05) and body mass index (β=-0.115,P＜0.05) were negatively correlated with FMD;diastolic BP (β=0.146,P＜0.05),2-hour glucose (β=0.147,P＜0.05),high-density lipoprotein cholestrol (β=0.150,P＜0.05),and waist-hip ratio (β=0.126,P＜0.05) showed a positive correlation with IMT.baPWV was correlated with systolicBP (β=0.358,P＜0.01),waist circumference (β=0.254,P＜0.05),fasting glucose (β=0.155,P＜0.05),postprandial 2 h blood glucose (β =0.152,P ＜0.05),uric acid (β =0.206,P ＜ 0.05),and C-reactive protein (β=0.099,P＜0.05).Corclusion Our study shows that endothelial dysfunction may exist in the prehypertensive young,and several cardiovascular risks contribute to its development in the early stage of hypertension.

Objective: To determine total phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba to provide reference for evaluating the quality of medicinal materials.Methods: With acteoside as the control sample, a UV visible spectrophotometric method was used to determine total phenylethanoid glycosides in Plantago Herba.An HPLC method was applied to determine acteoside in Plantago Herba , and the conditions were as follows: an ODS2 C 18 (150 mm× 4.6 mm ,5 μm) chromatographic column was used with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (13∶87) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 332nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the sample volume was 10 μl.Results: The reference solution and the sample solution had the maximum absorption at 332 nm, and the linear relationship was good within the range of 0.003 1-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 5).The content of total benzene alcohol glycosides in 3 batches of samples was 2.73% , 2.61% and 2.84% , respectively;acteoside over the range of 0.000 6-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 1) showed a good linear relationship with peak area,the sample recovery was 98.5% and the RSD was 1.6% (n =6), and the acteoside content in 3 batches of samples respectively was 0.54% , 0.51% and 0.56%.Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the determination of total phenylethanoid glycosides and acteoside in Plantago Herba.

Objective To establish a method for determination of phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba. Methods UV-visible spectrophotometric method was used for the determination of the content of phenylethanoid glycosides compounds in Plantago Herba. HPLC method was used for the determination of acteoside in Plantago Herba. Chromatographic column with C18 ODS2 (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) was used. Acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid (13:87) was as mobile phase; the flow rate was 1 mL/min; the detection wavelength was 332 nm; the column temperature was 30 ℃; the sample volume was 10 μL. Results The contents of phenylethanoid glycoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas were among 1.03%–3.47%. Acteoside with peak area over the 0.0062–1.55 mg range showed a good linear relationship; the sample recovery rate was 98.9%, and the RSD was 1.6%. The contents of acteoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas was among 0.18%–0.56%. Conclusion The method is simple, stable and reproducible, which can be used for the determination of phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas and provide experimental basis for quality control of Plantago Herba.