In 2003, 2 small swidden field malaria outbreaks were identified in Tuong Duong district of Nghe An province. Although different development of the first time, malaria outbreaks developed in swiddenfield, then transmissed into villages. A lots of patients have confirmed to have malaria. One death case was caused by the late hospital admission. The number of working and overnight people on the swiddenfields increased at the hot spot time as this was the harvesting time and the school children had summer holiday and joined their parents’ work here (29.1 – 48.9% of household and 27.2-28.4% of population in the hamlets). They did not use mosquito nets. The infection rate of malaria among the swiddenfield people was 13.5 – 60.5% and 7.4 – 42.2%, respectively. The mass blood screen showed the presence of both P.falciparum and P.vivax (P.falciparum in Ang village and both P.falciparum and P.vivax in Phong village). A high malaria infected rate in 2 outbreaks showed a limited diagnosis and treatment’s quality of local health. Cold parasites were found to be high, with P.falciparum and combined form
Malaria ; epidemiology ; Malaria, Falciparum

An investigation aimed to identify the risk factors of malaria in the custom of shifting cultivation and sleep in the terrace field. The results have shown that the custom of sleeping in the terrace field increased the malaria morbidity and influenced the malaria control. The risk of malaria morbidity in the people sleeping in the terrace field was higher 3,8 times than this in the people without sleeping in the terrace field and there was an increase of 4,3 times if sleeping in the terrace without mosquito net
Malaria ; epidemiology

In 2004, the technical measures combined to health education were further strengthened. The malaria situation, therefore, was improved as the morbidity was reduced by 20%, malaria cases reduced by 3.6% and PSR reduced by 17%. However, malaria prevalence is inhomogeneously distributed with more malaria cases found in the former highly endemic districts
Malaria ; Epidemiology

Studies of 805 samples until 10/2004 show that the malaria prevalence was high in the first 5 months in 2003, among 7 deaths were unorganized migrants. They contract malaria all year round, especially in the beginning of the year with the highest of 11.96% in February. The density of maralia parasite (+) was high in months at the beginning and end of the year such as January, April and October with the density in the first month of 2.92%. Spleenomegaly was mostly seen in age 5-14 with 3.17% and mostly in grade I and II (97.8%). Spleenomegaly grade III and IV is predominated in over 14 years old group (60%). Vectors at the first three months of the year were high and various in species in accordance with the malaria prevalence. An. dirus and An. minimus as the two main vectors of transmitting were present in almost of the year both house inside and outside, which is the cause for the transmission
Malaria ; Epidemiology

Survey on 702 samples including 234 contracted to malaria and 468 with symtoms by the method of disease-evidence at Krongpac district, Dak Lak province in 8/2003 to study the charateristics and factors relating to malaria parasite. Results showed that groups with primary education level or less and had average income less than 200,000VND/month were at high prevalence, 53.4% and 46.7%, respectively. While the groups with secondary education level or more and income more than 200,000VND/month were at 18.1% and 16.5%, respectively. The correlation between working on field and contracting malaria parasite is that those working on field had high potential of contracting malaria parasite with OR = 6.98 (95% CI: 4.56-10.45), with statistic significance of P<0.01. The habit of use mosquito net is related to the prevalence among the samples. Those sleep without a net had high level of contracting malaria parasite with OR = 5.35 (95% CI: 3.37-7.66). Sleeping in mosquito net is an important prevention method against malaria parasite
Malaria ; Epidemiology

Study of malaria epidemiology in Hoa Binh province in 2004. Results: the prevalence was down by 10% in comparing to that of 2003; there was no death of malaria, no malaria epidemic, malaria parasite was down to 18.9%. During 2003-2004 period malaria parasite was mostly transmitted from residents working in the South or other provinces. Epidemiological characteristics in 2004 changed dramatically in comparison with 1992 in Hoa Binh, malaria indicators decreased. 1992: 1,182 parasites in 100 communes, 2004: 60 parasites mostly imported to some communes. In 1992, 100% Hoa Binh residents were in malaria areas, this figure in 2004 was 47%.
Malaria ; Epidemiology

Malaria infection rate and epidemiological factors were investigated in 2003 in Krongpac district. A cross-sectional study (3000 samples) was carried out by Giemsa staining microscopy. A total malaria infection rate of 7.8%, out of this 9.6% and 6.4% were found in male and female samples, respectively. The infection rate also varied from the permanently settled ethnic minority groups of Ede, Van Kieu, Se Dang (9.6%) to the newly settled Tay group (7.2%). The infection rate was different between age groups above 15 years old (11.1 %) and under 15 years old (3.3%). P. falciparum was found much higher than P. vivax (76.5% vs 23.5%, respectively). All the comparisons were statistic significant with P < 0.01. Other species or mixed infection were not found. Mixed infection of single trophozoite was 76.5%, The mixed trophozoite and gametocyte was 23.5%. Schizontes were not found.
Malaria ; Epidemiology

A study on malaria epidemiology was conducted in the Vietnam-Laos border commune of Thanh with the population of 3,264 residents. (Huong Hoa district of Quang Binh province). The malaria in this commune was unstable for long period with malaria outbreak and risk of outbreak occurred (in 1997 and 2001). The first round of the survey showed the prevalence of clinical cases of 2.16% and positive parasite rate of 4.04%. A death malaria case was reported in June 2004. The malaria situation has become stable after six month continuous application of malaria control intervention. The survey made in November 2004 showed the lower prevalence of clinical cases (1.97%) and positive parasite rate (2.19%)
Malaria ; Epidemiology

Malaria induced death in 2003 concentrates mainly at Tay Nguyen area, in which, Dak Lak and Gia Lai have the highest malaria induced death rate (26/50 cases). The almost of malaria induced death cases are high risk subjects: minority, low education, low awareness of malaria, variation of migration (going forest, swidden field sleeping, uncontrolled migration), living in malaria transmission area, far from health centers, lack of emergency conditions since early detection of disease
Malaria ; Death ; epidemiology ;

Although the morbidity was sharply reduced in the last few years with the prevalence per 1000 population of 7.02%o in 1999, 4.37 %o in 2000…and the rate of population was protected by insecticide remained annual. The rate of population was protected by insecticide/population of malaria area was 58.6%o in 1999, 86.3%o in 2000. However, malaria has been increased by 31.6% during the first 9 months of 2003 as compared to 2002. Positive slide rate increased by 47% and parasite positive per patients increased by 64%. It is suggested that the activities for roll back malaria in the recent years have not been effective enough in accordance to the planned targets. It can also be attributable to the way of life of high risk groups such as swidden field sleeping, uncontrolled migration, the unsatisfactory coverage of insecticide protected people and poor management by local health
Malaria ; Insecticides ; diagnosis ; epidemiology