Objective: Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme was used to study the inhibitory activity of porcine placenta extracts.
Methods: ACE was derived from rabbit lung. Bz-Gly-His-Leu was used as a substrate. Production of hippuric acid was measured by HPLC.
Result: ACE inhibitory activity was measured in a two-fold dilution of porcine placenta extracts. The IC₅₀ of porcine placenta extracts was 95.7 μg. The results of a Lineweaver-Burk plot suggested that porcine placenta extracts exhibited a competitive inhibition.
Conclusion: In this paper, we found that porcine placenta extracts had an anti-ACE activity.

Objectives

  The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of healthcare providers regarding the utilization of oxytocin for induction or augmentation of labor.

Methods

  A qualitative study composed of direct observation and individual interview was conducted at a national tertiary maternity hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia in January and February 2013. The progress of labor in women who received oxytocin for induction or augmentation of labor was directly observed to confirm the healthcare providers’ management of oxytocin infusion. The attending doctors and midwives were individually interviewed after the women delivered.

Results

  During the study period, 10 women were observed, and 12 healthcare providers (three doctors and nine midwives) were interviewed individually. Indications for labor induction or augmentation seemed to be appropriate for nine women. However, we found discrepancies between the national protocol and healthcare providers’ knowledge and actual practices. For example, 11 healthcare providers had never read the national protocol for the management of labor induction and augmentation, which implied limited access to the correct knowledge. A misconception was noted in that the sudden increase of oxytocin was not dangerous during the second stage of labor, despite the establishment of a good contraction pattern. Furthermore, a lack of unified initial dose and extremely high maximum dose above that recommended by the national protocol were observed. About half of observed women were not monitored for more than 2 hours from the beginning of oxytocin infusion.

Conclusion

  　In the present study, lack of knowledge, misconceptions regarding the management of oxytocin infusion, and a large gap between the national protocol and the actual clinical practices were confirmed. To maximize patient safety and therapeutic benefit, dissemination of the national protocol through in-service training is required.