Objective To understand the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and the related risk factors in Kashgar region of Xinjiang.Methods Cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out from August to September 2007,and the questionnaires,nasal examination and nasal mucous membrane pathological examination were used to diagnose the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Kashgar region.The relevant factors were analyzed by using the multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results Among the investigated 1 749 people,242 cases of allergic rhinitis were diagnosed,the total prevalence rate was 13.84%,and the prevalence rate in Uighur nationality was 12.76%,which was less than that in Han (27.05%),P0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis is higher and there is a significant ethnic distribution difference in Xinjiang,China.