Objectives:To evaluate the efficiency of packing jaw defects with a composite of coral and bone marrow.　Methods:Twelve patients (9 with jaw cyst and 3 with ameloblastoma) underwent enucleation of jaw lesion and packing with a composite of coral and bone marrow.Repair of the bone defects was evaluated at 1 week,1,6 and 12 months postoperatively by clinical examination and X-ray films.　Results:Wound healing after the operations on 10 patients was uneventful,and definite ossification around the implanted material could be detected at 1 month postoperatively.A lot of bone formation and partial resorption of coral were observed at 6 months postoperatively.Complete resorption of coral and complete bone repair were obtained at 12 months postoperatively.Wound breakdown was observed on two other patients,and the composite had to be removed completely.　Conclusions:A composite of coral and bone marrow may enhances bone healing in jaw defects after cyst or ameloblastoma removal.

Objective: To study stress distribution and displacement by different distract directioos on mandibular corpus with finite element method. Methods:A three-dimensional finite element model of mandibular distraction osteogenesis was established.Von Mises stress as well as the displac ement of gnathion and gonion under different loads were measured. Result s:The stress and displacement were positively related with distract forc e. Von Mises stress primarily accumulated in distracted areas and were higher un der bilateral distraction parallel to the occlusial plane. Gnathion and gonion w ere positively displaced on X and Z axes and negatively displaced on Y axis. Distraction parallel to the mandibular body induced positive displaceme nt of mandible on X and Y axes and negative on Z axis. Concl usion:Transversal displacement to the opposite side is greater during un ilateral distraction, while displacement on the saggittal plane is greater durin g bilateral distraction.

BACKGROUND: So far there is a lack of reliable biomedical evidence about the effects of three-dimensional y (3D) printed porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold loading poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/anti-tuberculosis drug control-release microspheres on the growth and proliferation of cel s, especial y osteoblasts. OBJECTIVE: To construct porous β-TCP scaffold loading PLGA/anti-tuberculosis drug control-release microspheres by 3D printing technology and to detect its cytotoxicity. METHODS: Twenty porous β-TCP scaffolds whose aperture was 400 μm were prepared by 3D printing technology. Ten of these scaffolds were randomly selected for loading PLGA/anti-tuberculosis drug control-release microspheres, and the others were without any drugs. Then the extracts from two groups were cultured with osteoblasts for 72 hours. Afterwards, cel morphology was observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, and the absorbance value was detected using cel counting kit-8 assay. Besides, the relative growth rate of osteoblasts was calculated to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the scaffold. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The drug-loaded scaffold exhibited with moderate size, regular structure and uniform pores. Within 72 hours of culture in the extracts from the drug-loaded scaffold, elongated or fusiform osteoblasts appeared, with less karyopycnosis. Moreover, the drug-loaded scaffold showed slight cytotoxicity, which was classified as grade 1. In conclusion, the 3D-pinted porous β-TCP scaffold loading PLGA/anti-tuberculosis drug control-release microspheres exhibits no obvious cytotoxicity.

BACKGROUND:Currently, the mechanism by which calcium phosphate ceramics induces osteogenesis is not fuly understood, and many scholars have tried to expound the mechanism from the perspective of the structural properties. OBJECTIVE:To review how the structural properties of calcium phosphate ceramics affect their osteoinductive activity. METHODS: The PubMed database and Google academic database (1997-01/2015-03) were searched to retrieve the related articles about the structural properties of calcium phosphate ceramics affecting their osteoinductive activity. After the articles with outdated reviews or repetitive contents were ruled out, 60 articles were suitable for further analysis and review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The structural properties of calcium phosphate ceramics are displayed by macrostructure, such as macropores, holes, pipes and space between particles, and microstructure, such as micropore, particle size, surface roughness, specific surface area. Each parameter of the structural properties affects the bioactivities of calcium phosphate ceramics in some way, which renders their abilities of inducing osteogenesis to arise from nothing or change from weakly to strongly. Apart from structure design, physical and chemical properties of calcium phosphate ceramics wil also affect its biological activityin vivo. Therefore, the physicochemical properties of calcium phosphate ceramics should be considered in the structure design in order to achieve an optimal osteoinductive activity.

OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the bleeding sites and the major blood supply in patients with hidden epistaxis. METHODS The clinical data of 106 patients with hidden epistaxis were studied retrospectively. The bleeding sites and hemorrhagic focus was not found by routine anterior nasoscope examination was defined as hidden epistaxis. The bleeding sites were located and the bleeding was stopped under nasal endoscope. RESULTS The hemorrhagic foci were found in the following sites: 55.7%(59/106)at the top of inferior meatus, 33.0% (35/106)middle turbinate and the top of middle meatus, 9.4%(10/106)olfactory cleft and the nasal septum, and 1.9%(2/106)unknown. The bleeding sites were found and the bleeding was stopped with radiofrequency under nasal endoscope in 104 cases. Bleeding was stopped by treatment once in 102 cases(96.2%)and treatment twice in 2 cases(1.9%). All the patients were followed up for over one month without recurrence and the cure rate was 98.1%. Bleeding sites were not found in 2 cases because of heavy damage of the nasal mucosa. CONCLUSION ①The majority of hidden epistaxis is supplied by the sphenopalatine artery. ②To find the bleeding sites and stop the bleeding in hidden epistaxis patients under nasal endoscope using radiofrequency is effective, minimally invasive and worth of clinic application extensively.

Objective:To investigate the etiololgy and pathogenesis of cholesterol granuloma of the marillary sinus. Method:Five patients with cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus were analysed retrospectively. Result: The cholesterol granuloma was a particular form of tissue reactions of granulation. The clinical symptoms of the disease was short of specificity. Conclusion; The pathogenesis of cholesterol granuloma includes hyperlipemia, obstruction of airfilled cavity ventilation and impaired drainage. The final diagnosis was based on pathologic examination. The treatment should begin with the intervention and treatment of hyperilpemia. Radical cure can be a-chieved by operation.

Objectives:The effects of pingyangmycin(PYM) in the treatment of cavernous hemangioma, strawberry hemangioma and mixed hemangioma in the oromaxillofacial and intraoral regions is evaluated.　Methods:450 cases of hemangioma in the oromaxillofacial regions from January 1993 to January 1999 were reviewed. PYM was injected into the cavity or in the circumference of the hemangioma, and the injection may be repeated every 7～10 days for 3～5 times.　Results:450 patients were followed-up for 6 months～6 years. 86.89% were cured and nearlly cured,and 12% were improved. The total efficiency rate was 98.86%. The cure and elementary cure rates of cavernous hemangioma, strawberry hemangioma and mixed hemangioma were 91.04%, 86.08% and 78.01%, respectively, but the elementary cure rate of the wine color stainscapillary hemangioma was 14.29% only.　Conclusions:This method may be a safe, simple and effective therapy for cavernous hemangioma, strawberry hemangioma and mixed hemangioma in the oromaxillofacial regions.

Objectives: To study the histopathological grading and the clinical-staging system on the surgical prognosis in patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC) of the salivary glands. 　Methods: Analysis were made to the primary sites, clinical findings and the correlation between the histopathological-grading/clinical-staging system and the surgical prognosis in 43 patients with pathological evidence of MEC. 　Results: Recurrence or regional lymph node metastasis were diagnosed in 6 of the 36 MEC patients, among which 4 were well differentiated and 2 were poorly differentiated, 1 was in stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ, and 5 were in the stage of Ⅲ or Ⅳ, there were 23 survivors. Thirteen of the 36 patients died, 4 of whom from MEC and 9 from reasons not related to MEC. All the died were in stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ. 　Conclusions: Recurrence or metastasis of MEC correlates with clinical-staging, but not related to the histopathological grading, this suggested that ablative surgery of the primary tumor and dissection of the regional lymphatic system are required in cases of Ⅲ and Ⅳstage MEC. Postoperative irradiation is proposed in the event of inadequate resection.

Objective To design an integrated emergency medical treatment system mounted on helicopter, which can meet the requirements of field treatment and evacuation in emergency disasters or local wars, the system has immobile form and mobile form. Methods With the characteristics of existing helicopter considered, the components of the system were supposed to include a universal stretchers, overall structure and embedded emergency devices and support transport accessories. Results The system could realize the destination of swift response and air-and ground first-aid, the new model of swift response can made the regulation and principle of first -aid more reasonable, and increases the survival rate significantly. Conclusion Critical diseases have become the latest killer in daily life. The first-aid on spot need the new model of swift response and air -and ground first -aid, the system can decrease the invalidity and mortality.