The purpose of this article was to review the current knowledge base related to the risk factors,pathogens,diagnosis and to review and evaluate the strategies to reduce ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP),especially ventilator bundles for prevention of VAP which including elevation of the head of the bed,daily sedative interruption and daily assessment readiness of extubate,peptic ulcer disease prophylaxis,deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis,daily oral care with chlorhexidine.This article also reviewed the role of new type endotracheal tube in reducing incidence of VAP.

Objective:To preliminarily discuss the career management of hospital pharmacists from the perspectives of human re-source management and psychology to provide reference for the human resource management of pharmacy department. Methods: The current situation of career management of hospital pharmacists was analyzed based on the theory of Zone of Proximal Development in de-velopmental psychology, and some concepts and measures for the career management of hospital pharmacists were proposed. Results:The managers of pharmacy department must set up dynamic developing view of their employees, establish individualized management concept, transform their role in human resource management and promote the capability of career management. Measures, such as work shift and determined posts, career guidance, potential discovery, opening up promotion ways and self-management of personal career, could be adopted to develop a scientific and effective system of career management. Conclusion:It is suggested that modern manage-ment theories be utilized in the career management of hospital pharmacists, which may help achieve the joint development of department and individuals.

Objective To study the expression of a novel inhibitor gene of apoptosis, survivin, in cervical carcinoma and its relationship with the expression of bcl 2, p53 genes Methods Using streptavidin biotin peroxidase (SP) method, we examined the expression of survivin, bcl 2 and p53 genes in 10 normal cervical tissues and 59 cervical carcinoma tissues Results Survivin was expressed in 41 of 59 (69 5%) cases of cervical carcinomas In contrast, normal cervical epithelium did not express survivin Overexpression of survivin was related to the tumor grade and clinical stage Survivin positive cases were strongly associated with bcl 2 expression (36/45, 80 0% versus 5 of 14 cases, P

Objective:To study the expression of survivin gene in cervical carcinoma and its relation to the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma.Methods:Using SP immunohistochemical technique,we examined 74 cervical tissues of clinicopathological specimens,including 10 normal cervical tissues,5 cervical intraepithelial meoplasia(CIN)lesions,59 invasive squamous cell carcinomas.Rusults:Expression of survivin were not observed in normal cervical tissues. With the lesions progressing ,the expression rate of survivin protein had a increasing tendency.Expression of survivin was related to the tumor grade and clinical stage.Conclusion:The results suggested that survivin expression is the essential event in carcinogenesis and development of cervical carcinoma.Survivin expression in cervical carcinoma is a useful prognostic marker.

By integrating data of sci-tech novelty retrieaval and internet data,the paper makes a precise analysis of the potential demands,interest,interest,tendency,preferences and habits of users of novelty retrieval.From the perspective of big data technology,it analyzes the feasibility of designing targeted and deep-level services for mass user data,puts forward the framework and method of conducting deep-level and precise service recommendation based on users of sci-tech novelty retrieval,and studies the opportunity to provide these users with deep-level and precise services.

Objective To establish a diagnosis method for fungal infection using two-round PCR,and to evaluate its sensitivity in the detection of clinical specimens suspected to be infected with fungi.Methods A total of 29 specimens of clinical sputum and alveolar wash solution were collected from patients with suspicious fungal infection.All specimens uaderwent direct microscopy with 10%KOH,fungal culture,one-round PCR and two-round PCR.The fungal universal primer targeting ITS regions of rDNA was used in PCR.The detection rate for fungi was compared between these methods.Results The detection rate for fungi was 20.69%by direct microscopy,37.9%by fungal culture,17.2%by one-round PCR,and 48.3%by two-round PCR.More than one species of fungus were detected in 6.9%(2/29),3.4%(1/29)and 24.1%(7/29)of these specimens by fungal culture.one-round PCR and two-round PCR, respectively.There was a significant difference in the detection rate between two-and one-round PCR(x2=6.34,P＜0.05).With regard to the detection rate for more than one species of fungus,two-round PCR was significantly higher than one-round PCR and fungal culture(x2=4.09,6.30.bom P＜0.05).Conclusion Two-round PCR may help to improve the sensitivity of molecular diagnosis of fungus-infected specimens.

Cancer is one of the main causes of death for human beings. Clinical oncologists increasingly rely upon imaging for diagnosis, stage, response assessment, and follow-up in cancer patient. However, 18F-FDG is not a tumor specific agent, inflammation and infection also have intensive uptake of 18F-FDG, resulting in false positive diagnosis, and some tumors have low uptake of 18F-FDG or even do not uptake 18F-FDG, leading to false negative diagnosis. So it is urgent to develop non-18F-FDG novel tumor targeting agent. Recently, a large number of researches in vitro have demonstrated that berberine has anti-tumor activity against a variety of tumor cells by inducing tumor cell apoptosis through inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain etc. So far, there is no credible evidence of berberine targeting in tumor in vivo. We proposed a hypothesis that berberine has the characteristics of tumor targeting biodistribution in vivo, and verified the proposal by 18F-berberine PET/CT imaging in VX2 muscle tumor-bearing rabbit model. In this review, we intend to give an overview of the progress of berberine anticancer, the structural bases of berberine anticancer and the uderlying molecular mechanisms of berberine anticancer indentified so far. We also introduce the first visualization of 18F labeled berberine derivatives targeting tumor in VX2 muscle tumor-bearing rabbit model by PET/CT. These breakthrough findings suggest that 18F-berberine derivatives as a potential PET/CT tumor targeted molecular imaging agent may have important implications for cancer targeting therapy, molecular imaging and modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Berberine ; chemistry ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Imaging ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Tissue Distribution ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate whether targeting survivin has the potential to sensitize A375 cells to chemotherapy.Methods By trypan blue exclusion assays we observed A375 cell proliferation inhibition induced by survivin antisense oligonucleotide(ASODN) and cisplatin.Results A375 cells treated with a combination of 5 ?mol/L ASODN and 0.5 mg/L cisplatin,and approximately 61.3% of the cells showed signs of cell death 72 h after the start of transfection trypan blue exclusion assays.Compared to treatments with either oligonucleotide or cisplatin alone,there were significant differences among the groups(P

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the development of pharmaceutical care for periconceptional women. METH-ODS:Probability proportionate to size sampling(PPS)method was adopted to select participants from periconceptional women in Yongchuan District. The participants were investigated by questionnaires about drug use safety knowledge,attitude and behavior. Ep-idata 3.0 software was used to establish database. The data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 software. RESULTS:Totally 800 ques-tionnaires were distributed and then 779 valid questionnaires were collected with effective rate of 97.38%. The total awareness rate of knowledge about drug use safety was 57.69%. The awareness rate rise with the increase of educational level (P<0.01). The awareness rate was higher in pregnant women than in prepregnant ones,with statistical significance in most of the questions(P<0.05 or P<0.01). For questions about attitude for drug use safety,the positive answer rate was higher in pregnant women than in prepregnant ones,with statistical significance in most of the questions (P<0.01). Among 385 pregnant women,only 56.88% re-ceived folic acid following the WHO recommendation. Of 181 pregnant women who had taken medicine,8.29% indicated that the physicians or pharmacists did not inform that whether the medicine affected pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS:Among periconceptional women,awareness rate of drug use safety is in low level and varied by their educational levels. There are difference in awareness rate of drug use safety and attitude between prepregnant women and pregnant woman. Drug use behavior of pregnant woman is to be modified.

Objective To detect the double DNA of trisomy 21 syndrome patients by denaturing high-performance liquid chro-matography(DHPLC) in order to rapidly diagnose trisomy 21 syndrome .Methods To amplify DNA fragments of three short tan-dem repeats of D21S111 ,D21S1411 and D21S1412 using corresponding primers .Then DHPLC was introduced to analyze the DNA fragments in the temperature of 50 ℃ .Results DHPLC elution profiles of D21S111 ,D21S1411 and D21S1412 of normal control showed one peak or two peaks with the same altitude .However DHPLC elution profiles of 21 trisomy syndrome patients showed two peaks of different altitudes ,which one′s altitude was twice than another .Conclusion DHPLC is a sensitive ,convenient ,auto-matic and highly-efficient method to diagnose trisomy 21 syndrome and can be widely used in the clinic diagnosis .