The combination of lecturing and Problem-based Learning(PBL)teaching method is adopted in medical genetis. It is conducive to the development of self-directed learning skills, team skills,and problem-solving skills.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of CD44v6,P16 protein and the invasion and metastasis in gastric carcinoma and to investigate the correlation between the expression of CD44v6 and P16 protein.Methods Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of CD44v6 and P16 protein in 110 cases of gastric carcinoma.Results In 110 cases of gastric carcinoma,the expression of CD44v6 and P16 protein were 72.7%(80/110)and 47.3%(52/110)respectively. The high level expression of CD44v6 protein and low level expression of P16 protein were positively correlated with the TNM staging,serosa infiltration,lympho node and liver metastasis of gastric carcinoma(P

Objective To investigate and analyze the clinical application of washed red blood cells in Quzhou in 2014-2015 years,and to provide evidence for the rational and effective use of washed red blood cells in clinical practice.Methods the amount of washed red blood cells,the distribution of diseases and the serological detection before transfusion were analyzed retrospectively in 8 hospitals of grade two and over in Quzhou during the past 2014-2015 years.Results the amount of washed red blood cells in 2015 increased by 39.07％ compared with 2014,an increase of 24.4 times the amount of red blood cells increase,increase mainly in 3 hospitals;Diseases of the blood system,malignant tumors and chronic kidney disease is the main diagnosis of transfusion cases,accounted for 63.49％,19.05％,12.70％.There were different standards for the development of serological testing items before transfusion Conclusion the advantages of washed red blood ceils gradually recognized by clinicians,but also don't rely on experience,hospitals should pay attention to the comprehensive evaluation of clinical blood transfusion and standardize the serological detection of blood transfusion department,which is the key to improve the cost performance of this component.

Objective To study the effects of nitroglycerin on leak point pressure of chronic complete spinal cord injury female rats. Methods Models of chronic complete spinal cord injury in female rats were established. Changes of leak point pressure were investigated following nitroglycerin 3 mg intraperitoneal injection. Results Leak point pressure decreased from (32.27±15.00) cmH2O to (23.29±9.46) cmH2O. Conclusion There was obvious descent of leak point pressure of chronic complete spinal cord injury female rats following nitroglycerin intraperitoneal injection.

Objective To study the effects of nitroglycerin on urethral sphincter of chronic complete spinal cord injury female rats in vitro. Methods 30 SD female rats with 3 months old were transected at T10 spinal cord. After 8 weeks, the 10 rats with BBB scores ≤5 were selected as experimental group, and other 10 normal rats as control group. The difference of tension in both proximal segment (urethral smooth muscle strips) and distal segment (external urethral sphincter muscle strips) were surveyed before and after nitroglycerin 0.5 mg administration in bath. Results The tension of distal segment in control group reduced from (640.50±91.79) mg to (597.50±92.61) mg, and from (485.50±68.94) mg to (459.90±69.51) mg in experimental group. The difference between proximal segment and distal segment were (222.30±12.14) mg and (42.00±7.86) mg before and after administration in control group, and were (223.00±15.78) mg and (25.60±5.17) mg in experimental group. Conclusion The administration of nitroglycerin 0.5 mg in bath can reduce the tension of both urethral smooth muscle and external urethral sphincter in both normal and spinal cord injured rats. The relaxative effect on external urethral sphincter muscle of normal rats exceed that of injured ones, but approximate on urethral smooth muscle.

The main pollution of coastal sea is heavy metal and eutrophication,which resulted in degeneration of its eco-function.Pollution of heavy metal is accompanied with eutrophication in sea water.This article studied on copper absorption capacity of several bacteria strains which were isolated from the surface of macroalga Gracilaria lemaneaformis that was cultivated in copper polluted sea.We got 6 strains of epiphytic bacteria from the seaweed,Ochrobactrum anthropi,Aeromonas salmonicida,Micrococcus lylae,Corynebacterium ulcerans,Pseudoalteromonas spp,Vibrio fluvialis.Attained from the experiment of copper biosorption,A.salmonicida had a maximal biosorption capacity among them,and Vibrio minimal.Based on this trail,A.salmonicida,C.ulcerans and Vibrio were selected for next trails included optimal biosorption time,optimal pH value and effect of pre-disposal by several chemical reagents on biosorption capacity.The results showed:optimal biosorption time was between 40 minutes and 60 minutes,and optical pH value 4～5.Pre-disposal by HCl leaded to lost the absorption capacity of A.salmonicida,but was opposite by NaOH and ethanol.For C.ulcerans and Vibrio,the copper absorption capacities were increased by them.

[Objective] To detect the expression of CD137L mRNA and protein in colorectal cancer tissues and discuss its possible clinical significance.[Methods] To detect the expression of CD137L mRNA in colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry and to analyze the relationship between CD137L expression and clinical features.[Results] The mean level of CD137L mRNA in colorectal cancer tissues is significantly higher than that of adjacent noncancerous tissues (0.035 ± 0.013 vs.0.008 ± 0.005,P ＜ 0.05 ).CD137L mRNA expression in colorectal cancer show no significant differences among different age,sex,tumor location,Dukes classification,histological differentiation,and serum levels of CEA.We selected 8 colorectal cancer tissues and 3 adjacent tissues randomly to analyze the expression of CD137L by immunohistochemistry.CD137L was expressed on tumor cells in colorectal cancer tissues.The expression of CD137L was observed only in colorectal cancer tissues (6/8),but not in adjacent noncancerous tissues (0/3).[Conclusions] The expression of CD137L Mrna in colorectal cancer tissues is higher than that of adjacent noncancerous tissues and CD137 is expressed on tumor cell surface,it might be of biological importance for the progression of colorectal cancer.

Through analyzing the existing problems and relevant solutions of TCM decoction pieces management, this article expounded the construction of TCM coding system and its construction and application in the hospital information system, attempted to apply technological standards of TCM coding system to routine TCM standardized management work through the means of informatization. At the same time, it also described the basic situation in the construction of TCM coding management information system, and promoted specific ideas, operation methods, and current condition and prospects.

Objective To compare the clinical and pathological features of Chinese young breast cancer(age ≤ 35)with elder patients(> 35)using Meta analysis .Methods Published studies concerning clinical and pathological features of young breast cancer in China were searched systemically and assessed .Stata12 .0 software was used for data analyzing and calculating OR and its 95%CI .Results Totally 31 studies were selected for Meta analysis ,and most of them were classified as 6 - 7 scores ,which showed the quality of articles was high .The risk factors of breast cancer and its pooled odds ratio values with statistical significance were as fol‐lows 6 .42(95% CI :4 .22 - 9 .79) ,0 .61(95% CI :0 .50 - 0 .74)when clinical staging of 0 - Ⅱ phase or Ⅰ - Ⅱ phase ,2 .25(95% CI :1 .69 - 2 .99)when histological type of Invasive carcinoma ,1 .73(95% CI :1 .23 - 2 .43)when histological grade of III grade ,1 .80 (95% CI :1 .23 - 2 .43)when positive of lymph node metastasis .Conclusion Compared with elder breast cancer ,the clinical and pathological characteristics of young breast cancer were mainly for the high misdiagnosis rate ,the late clinical stage ,the high pro‐portion invasive carcinoma ,the poor histological differentiation and the lymph node metastasising easily ,the hint of young breast cancer screening and treatment may be different principles and measures should be adopted .

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous celiac plexus block (NCPB) using 25 G controllable curved needle together with 22 G straight needle in treating refractory carcinomatous upper abdominal pain. Methods A total of 18 patients with advanced refractory carcinomatous upper abdominal pain were enrolled in this study. The carcinomatous upper abdominal pain failed to the three-step analgesic therapy. Guided by CT scan, percutaneous injection of ethanol with a 25 G controllable curved needle to destroy celiac plexus was carried out in all patients. According to WHO pain relief standards, the relieving degree of pain was evaluated before NCPB and 2 weeks, one, 2, 3 and 6 months after NCPB. The results were analyzed. Results The technical success rate was 100%. The short-term (within 2 weeks) efficacy rate was 88.8%and the complete remission rate was 38.8%. The long-term (over 3 months) efficacy rate was 50% and the complete remission rate was 20%. No severe complications occurred. Conclusion For refractory carcinomatous upper abdominal pain, CT-guided percutaneous celiac plexus block is a simple, safe and effective treatment.