In order to analyze the association of the periodontitis severity withchanges of the human dental pulp, one hundred caries-free and restoration-free periodontallyinvolved teeth with different periodontic destruction were studied histologically. It wasfound that there was correlation between the severity of periodontitis and changes in thehuman dental pulp. The incidence of pulpal pathosis rose as the periodontic destructionbecame severe. Pulpal inflammation was related to periodontitis, but not to the severityof periodontitis. Pulpal necrosis was mostly found in the teeth with advanced periodonti-tis.

[Objective] To measure the patella thickness and to investigate the techniques and safety of patella resurfacing during total knee arthroplasty in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.[Methods]From Jan.2005 to Jan.2006,the maximal and minimum thickness of the patella,the preserved thickness of bony patella after resurfacing and the total thickness of patella composite after patella replacement in 95 consecutive total knee arthroplasty for rheumatoid arthritis were measured.The patients were followed-up after operation,anterior knee pain and patella fracture were recorded.[Results]1)The mean maximal thickness before resurfacing was(22.01?1.64)mm(range,18~26 mm),the mean minimum thickness before resurfacing was(11.69?2.33)mm(range,6~16mm).2)The mean thickness of preserved bony patellar thickness was(13.23?0.96)mm,(range,11~16 mm),including 11 mm in 4 knees(4.2%),12 mm in 15 knees(12.7%),13 mm in 38 knees(40%),14 mm in 32 knees(33.7%),15 mm in 5 knees(5.3%)and 16 mm in 1 knee(1.1%).The mean thickness of the patella composite was 21.42 mm(range,20~25 mm),the thickness of resurfaced patella was equal to or thinner than the preoperative patellar thickness in 86 knees(90.5%).Anterior knee pain was found in 3 knees,but no patellar fracture or component loosening occurred.[Conclusion]1)The patellar thickness in rheumatoid arthritis is thinner than the thickness in normal patella.2)It is a safe option to retain bony patella thickness at 12~14 mm during patellar resurfacing in Chinese adults with rheumatoid arthritis.3)Patellar resurfacing in patients with rheumatoid arthritis has a good result in a short term.Careful attention to good surgical technique in component alignment and patellar resurfacing is crucial to obtain good results.

Objective To assess the clinical analysis of trans laparoscope hysterectomy(TLH).Methods Retrospectively analyzed the TLH in 62 patients Which were compared with the trans alxtominal hysterectomy(TAH)in 64 patients.Results Blood loss during operation,analgesic use after operation,time to first passing flatus,hospital stay in TVH group were significantly lower than those in TAH group(P＜0.05),and mean operating time has no significant difference in TVH group and TAH group(P＞0.05).Conclusion TVH has been shown to be an effective modus operandi of mini-invasive and safe.

[Objective] To explore the effect of Hujin Granule on liver function and serum fiber index of rats with immune hepatic fibrosis.[Method] Make abdominal injection with pig serum to induce immune hepatic fibrosis model,make intervention with different dosages of the Granule,measure liver function with automatic bio-chemical analyzer,and test serum hepatic fibrosis index with radio-immune analyse.[Result] The AST,ALT,HA,LN,IV-C and PCⅢ contents in rats serum with hepatic fibrosis induced with pig serum rose obviously,the Granule had definite reversion to the indexes above and could raise albumin content in serum.[Conclusion] Hujin Granule has definite prevention to immune liver fibrosis,can reduce fibrosis degree,meanwhile effectively decrease liver cell injure and improve liver function.

Distribution channel of Chinese herbal medicines has been changing. From Han to Ming Dynasty, Chinese herbal medicine were mainly trafficked to urban by dealers or farmers; From the Ming Dynasty to the foundation of new China, distribution channels are primarily intermediated with township "bazaar" and national distribution center with fixed place and regularly trading hours. In the planned economy period, the state-owned herbal medicine company was the sole medium with monopoly nature. From the mid1980s to the end of last century, planned economy and market economy have been co-existing. Stepping into 21st century, producing area highlighted in the distribution channels. Presence or absence and rise or fall of different types of distribution market went throughout the changing process of distribution channels, which became an important clue. Changes were motivated by economical consideration of channel subject, which originated from commodity characteristic and social environment changes.
Cities ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; economics ; supply & distribution ; Economic Development ; Marketing

[Objective]To investigate the method and efficiency of operative modified rotational acetabular osteotomy for treatment of adult acetabular dysplasia. [Methods]Twenty-seven patients with 30 hips with acetabular dysplasia were treated with modified rotational acetabular osteotomy. The study group consisted of three men with 3 hips and twenty-four women with 27 hips,the average age of the patients was 29.4 years(range,fifteen to forty-two years ).The anteroposterior plevis view,lateral and abduction view of bilateral hip were taken,CE angle(center-edge angle) and AC angle(acetabular roof obliquity) were measured,the changes of the rotational center of the hip ,Shenton's line and the degree of osteoarthritis were recorded ,the Harris score was obtained before and after operation.[Results]The femoral head coverage was improved in all patients. On average ,the CE angle was improved from 3.2 (-15?～15?)to 28.5?(20?～40?),the AC angle was declined from 26.6?(15?～38?)to 3.9?(0?～12?). The rotational center of the hip was medialized in 19 hips(63.3%),the discontinuity rate of Shenton's line was declined from 67% to 23%. On average 4.2 years follow-up ,1 case lost follow-up,the degree of osteoarthritis in 28 hips was not aggravated,pain was aggravated in 1 hip ,the Harris score was improved from 82.7(67～96) to 97.8(87～100).Two patients have had Fibre-union of pubic and one patient has had stress fracture of the inferior pubic ramus postoperatively,non-union of iliac and posterior column of the osteotomy or the greater trochanter was not found.[Conclusion]The method of modified rotational acetabular osteotomy for treatment of adult acetabular dysplasia is effective and safety.

[Objective]To introduce micro-trauma technic with small incision treating the vertical fractures of the sacrum by intrasacral rod and evaluate the preliminary clinical outcomes.[Method]A total of 13 cases(9 males and 4 females) were treated with micro-trauma technic by intrasacral rod.The age ranged from 18 to 63 years,mean 36 years.Of all,6 cases were treated with anterior pelvis fixation,7 cases had sacral plexus injury.[Result]The operation lasted for 40～75 minutes(averaged 54 minutes) and hospitalisation period ranged from 8 to 20 days(averaged 11 days).A follow up lasted 9～24 months(averaged 17.5 months) in 12 patients.Ten cases were free from sacroiliac pain,2 cases had a slight pain. In 7 sacral plexus injury patients,6 cases completely recovered.[Conclusion]Micro-trauma technic with small incision treating the vertical fractures of the sacrum by intrasacral rod is a safe and effective method and has the advantages of minor trauma,less complication,short operation time and quick recovery.

Objective To decrease misdiagnosis and to improve the correct diagnostic rate of mammary tuberculosis .Methods 9 cases of mammary tuberculosis proved by operation and pathology misdiagnosed as other diseases were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 9 cases,5 cases were misdiagnosed as mammary cancer,1 case as chronic mammary inflammation,1 case as mammary abcess,1 case as mammary hyperplasia,1 case as mammary fibroadenoma.Conclusion The reasons leading to misdiagnosis are unsuitable methods of examinations,lack of solid basic knowledge,and lack of experience.

Objective To set up bronchodilation curve in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)or asthma and investigate the features of large and small airways dilation.Methods Pulmonary functions of 44 COPD and 68 asthma patients were determined before and after inhaling Formoterol.Results The curves of FEV1 and FVC rose at 15 minutes after inhaling Formoterol and then declined at 120 minutes post-formoterol in patients with COPD.The curves of FEV1/FVC and FEF75 presented as a wave form,and the curves of FEF50 and FEF75/25 rose at 30 minutes and declined after 30 minutes.The fitting quadr-curves model equations for FEV1,FVC and FEF50 over time were statistically significant(P

Objective To research the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with anthracycline and taxane in early or locally advanced breast cancer and its effects on ER, PR and Her-2.Methods 120 cases of early or locally advanced breast cancer patients were selected as the research objects, according to the order of admission, the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group.The control group were given conventional chemotherapy with EC regimen (epirubicin +cyclophosphamide), while the observation group were treated with anthracyclines and taxanes.The clinical efficacy and the expression of ER, PR and Her-2 receptor in the two groups after treatment were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 73.33%, which was higher than that of the control group (53.33%) (P<0.05).After treatment, the positive expression level (0~+++) of ER receptor in the observation group were 20.00%, 15.00%, 35.00%, 30.00%, respectively, the positive expression level(0~+++) of PR receptor were 26.67%, 20.00%, 23.33% and 30.00%, respectively, were significantly better than those of the control group ( ER:31.67%, 21.67%, 28.33%, 18.33%, PR:40.00%, 25.00%, 20.00%, 15.00%) (P<0.05).But there was no significant difference between the two groups in the expression of Her-2 receptor (25.00%, 11.67%, 30.00%, 33.33% and 31.67%, 21.67%, 16.67%, 30.00%, respectively).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group and the control group were 6.67% and 21.67%, respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion In the treatment of early or late stage breast cancer , anthracycline combined with taxane neoadjuvant chemotherapy has a significant effect, which can effectively improve the expression of ER and PR receptors.In addition to improve the effect of clinical treatment, and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in a certain extent,so it can be used as a new adjuvant chemotherapy in the clinical application of the best option.