Objective To understand the dynamic status of schistosomiasis epidemic situation and Oncomelania hupensis snail status before and after the schistosomiasis transmission interrupted in the mountainous areas of Yunnan Province. Methods The data of schistosomiasis epidemic situation and snail status were collected and analyzed statistically in Jianchuan County from 10 years before the schistosomiasis transmission interrupted to 2008. Results The schistosomiasis control began in Jianch-uan County from 1954. In 1976,the criteria of schistosomiasis endemic controlled were reached,and the infection rate of popu-lation was 0.65%and the infection rate of snails was 0.40%. In 1981,the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission controlled were reached,and the infection rate of population was 0.34%and the infection rate of snails was 1.41%. In 1993,the criteria of schis-tosomiasis transmission interrupted were reached,and the infection rate of population was 0 and the infection rate of snails was 0. There was a fluctuation in the schistosomiasis epidemic situation and snail status during the whole control duration ,but the trend was decreasing. Conclusion The time from schistosomiasis endemic controlled to transmission controlled is relatively short,but the time from transmission controlled to transmission interrupted is relatively long. In the original schistosomiasis en-demic areas,there might be some areas where there is no the disease bud there still are snails.