Objective To investigate the distribution and effect of class Ⅰ integron in 40 strains of clinical multi-resistant Enterobacter cloacae. Methods Kirby-Bauer method was used to analyze the drug resistance of 40 strains of multi-resistant Enterobacter cloacae and the drug resistance gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results 28 strains (70.0%) of 40 clinical isolates were observed to contain class Ⅰ integron. Drug resistance test showed their resistance rate to 10 kind of an-tibaeterials as follow: 7.5% to imipenem, 5.0% to meropenem, 75.0% to piperacillin-tazobactam,55.0% to amikacin, 12.5% to cefepime, 52.5% to ceftazidime, 55.0% to cefotaxime, 90.0% to ceftriaxone;81.8% to ticarcillin-clavutanic acid, and 85.0% to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion This study shows that the resistance situation of Enterobacter cloacae isolates is very serious, and class Ⅰ integron may play an important role in the muhidrug resistant mechanism.

Objective To explore the characters of behavioral inhibition/activation systems in clinical depressed adolescents.Methods According to CCMD-3 diagnostic criteria,46 depressed adolescents and 35 healthy adolescents were selected and assessed by Behavioral Inhibition/Activation System Scale,Beck Depression Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Results (1) Compared with subgroup of mixed depression-anxiety (15.84 ± 2.36),depression only subgroup (13.70 ± 1.72) and control group (12.71 ± 2.55) scored higher in BIS (P＜0.01).And the two depressed subgroups (34.00 ± 4.94,35.88 ± 6.80)scored lower than control group (39.11 ± 5.06) in BAS (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Compared with healthy controls (39.11 ± 5.06),depressed adolescents in first-episode(15.28 ± 1.56) and recurrent (14.96 ±2.63) scored higher in BIS(P＜0.01).Adolescents in recurrent (34.58 ± 6.63) scored lower in BAS(P ＜ 0.01).(3) Compared with healthy controls,medication (15.30 ±2.48) and unmedicated depressed adolescents(14.60 ± 1.82) scored higher in BIS(P ＜ 0.01).Medication adolescents (34.52 ± 5.78) scored lower in BAS (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The BIS/BAS of depressed adolescents have their characters.BIS reflects mixed depression and anxiety.BAS reflectsdepression and may be a vulnerable index of clinical depression.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical characteristics and rules of allergic reaction caused by anti-copper treat-ment with Sodium dimercaptoproane sulfonate(DMPS)injection,and to provide reference for diagnosis,treatment and monitoring of drug-induced allergic reaction. METHODS:By using retrospective analysis,allergic reaction reports of DMPS injection were se-lected from our hospital during Jan. 2013-Dec. 2015 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:A total of 131 cases of allergic reaction were reported. The average age of the patients was(23.26±9.63)years old,mainly concentrated on 10-39 years old(87.79%). Al-lergic reaction mainly occurred in the first and second courses of treatment,accounting for 71.76%. For systems-organs involved, skin and its appendages disorders had the highest proportion (85.90%),being mainly the lesion of limbs (27.45%) and body (22.22%) involved;followed by systemic damage (12.33%). Clinical manifestations of systemic impairment were mainly fever, with rash or itching at the same time frequently. 131 patients had good outcome after treatment. The symptoms of 115 patients (87.79%)disappeared in 7 d. Serious cases accounted for 25.19%. The proportion of drug allergy history,the rate of anti-copper treatment failure with allergy prevention or desensitization therapy,and symptom duration in patients with severe ADR were higher or longer than that in general ADR cases,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The allergic reac-tion of DMPS injection increased the difficulty of anti-copper treatment. ADR monitoring should be strengthened in the process of using DMPS,specially for the history of allergies and the first,second treatment courses of patients.

Objective:This paper designs to analyze compensation patterns and compensation effects of cata-strophic disease insurance in L City, and put forward feasible suggestions to improve the compensation patterns of cat-astrophic disease insurance. Methods:We combined the relevant policy documents to analyze compensation patterns, and used benefit rate, OOP and The effective reimbursement rate to analyze compensation effects of catastrophic dis-ease insurance. Results:Catastrophic disease insurance benefit rate in L city in 2013 was 3. 2%; Rates of NCMS fund unilization was 92%, which diversed from county to county. Patients' OOP decreased significantly after reim-bursement of catastrophic disease insurance;Catastrophic disease insurance and NCMS total effective reimbursement rate reached 84.8%;The NCMS compensation rate reached 68. 9%, while fund incurred a financial deficit at the same time. Conclusion:Set deductibles, compensation rate and compensation range scientifically, and cancel ceiling level,improve the program of catastrophic disease insurance. Take measures to reduce the unfair between the districts and counties at city level. Establish effective link-up between catastrophic disease insurance and NCMS.

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase (HMGR), the first enzyme of mavalonic acid pathway, is one of the key devices involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis based on synthetic biology approach. The open reading frame of a novel HMGR gene from Panax ginseng (PgHMGR2) was cloned and analyzed in this study. PgHMGR2-encoding protein showed 71.6% sequence similarity to a P. ginseng HMGR in GenBank. The full-length cDNA sequence of PgHMGR2 containing 1 770 bp, which encodes 589 amino acids, was cloned by RT-PCR strategy from P. ginseng. The bioinformatic analysis showed that PgHMGR2-encoding protein contained two transmembrane regions and the HMG_CoA_reductase domain, without signal peptide. The protein sequence of PgHMGR2 had the highest sequence similarity (99%) with Panax quinquefolius HMGR (GenBank accession No. ACV65036). The expression level of PgHMGR2 was the highest in flower based on a real-time PCR analysis, followed by leaf and root, and the lowest was in stem. The result will provide a foundation for exploring the molecular function of PgHMGR2 involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis based on synthetic biology approach in P. ginseng plants.

Aged ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; therapy ; Aorta ; Catheterization ; methods ; Humans ; Male

Objective To explore the value of brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP),visual evoked potential(VEP)and Revised Visual Retention Test(VRT)in detecting impairment of central nervous system in patients with acute leukemia(AL).Methods Neuropack-Ml type evoked potential machine(Japan)was used to check brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP)and visual evoked potential(VEP).BAEP,VEP and VRT were examined in 30 cases with acute leukemia(group AL)and in 30 age and sex matched healthy subjects as a control(groupC).Indexes of BAEP including peak latency(PL)of waves I ,IB ,V and inter-peak latency(IPL)of waves Ⅰ～Ⅲ,Ⅲ ～Ⅴ,Ⅰ～Ⅴand indexes of VEP(P100PL)were determined.VRT was accomplished meanwhile applying B method with C pattern,C method with D pattern,D method with E pattern.The correct scores and error scores were recorded separately.Results BAEP:the abnormal rate of the group AL was 23.3 %.Compared with control group,we found significant longer latency of wave Ⅲ、Ⅴ(P＜0.05)and significant elongation in the mean inter-peak latencies of Ⅰ～Ⅴ(P＜0.05).VEP:the abnormal rate of the group AL was 26.7% ,the P100 PL of the patients was longer than that in the control group(P＜0.05).VRT:the abnormal rate of the group AL was 33.3%.The results of VRT showed that the score in the group AL in D method with E pattern was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion BEAP,VEP and VRT could detect the impairment of central nervous system in patients with acute leukemia sensitively,and give clues to early diagnosis of central nervous system leukemia(CNSL).

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and problems of problem-based learning ( PBL ) teaching methods that are adopted in the laboratory medicine practice teaching. MethodsOne hundred and four undergraduate students of 5-year system of laboratory medicine were selected to use the PBL teaching methods during the laboratory medicine practice. ResultsIt showed that the PBL teaching methods obtained good probation effect. But teachers and students are required to make greater efforts in PBL teaching mode than in traditional mode, and the teaching methods was also needed to be consummated.ConclusionsUsing the problem-based teaching methods the comprehensive ability of the student is enhanced. Therefore it deserves to be generalized during laboratory medicine practice teaching.

The course of fundamental operations in surgery is an important part of surgical teaching.It helps students to adapt to surgical practice quickly.During the teaching,there are some ways to improve teaching efficiency and quality,such as to know the new Chinese-English teaching material,the teaching purpose,the training of basic skills and aseptic principles of operation,the examination reform and regular teaching summery.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation factors and preventive measures of lower respiratory tract infection after general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway.METHODS In surgery 158 cases of general anesthesia with laryngeal mask ventilation in gynecology and orthopedic wards were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS Forty-three cases were found in hospitals with lower respiratory tract infection,accounting for 83% of the total lower respiratory tract infection in the wards at the same period.CONCLUSIONS The anesthesia way,the age,the operation time,whether gastric tube,the abuse of antibiotics and whether the anesthesia equipments strictly disinfected and managed may be the important factors which can cause the lower respiratory tract infection.