The systematic teaching does better to help students master and use what they have learned, and it will be good for avoidance of repeated contents and shortening teaching time. It can also help students find more interest in studying neurology.

Gene expressions of interleukin-6 receptor subunit gp130 and gp80 were investigated by competitive RT-PCR in the rat model of osteoporosis. A significant increase in expressions of gp130 and gp80 was found in bone marrow of osteoporotic rat, this change may be a possible mechanism in osteoporosis due to loss of estrogen.

Objective To upgrade ordinary gastrointestinal machine to a digital one which can be connected to PACS.Methods By adding extra camera lens,frame grabber and processing software,ordinary gastrointestinal machine was transformed.Results The updated machine could work in digital way with fully DICOM support.Conclusion By analyzing the X-ray imaging chain,a digitalization method of gastrointestinal machine is presented,which can server as a guideline to digital transformation of non-digital X-ray machines.

Objective:To investigate the effect of catgut implantation at acupoint,Compound Erxian Decoction on levels of serum cytokine in ovariectomized rats.Methods:Sixty 3-month-old female Sprague-drawley rats,weighed 230?20g each,were divided into six groups,ten rats in each group.The first group were sham-operated(Sham-G),while the remaining groups,established by excising both sides ovary,were catgut-acupuncture group(CAG),Chinese herb group(CHG),catgut-acupuncture plus Chinese herb group(CCG),estrogen group(EG)and model group(MG).There wasn’t any therapy in sham-operated group and model group.After 12 weeks corresponding therapy,all groups were sacrificed to procure blood serum for testing the contents of E 2 ,GM-CSF,IGF-1,TNF-?by means of radioimmunoassay and both retral thighbone for testing bone mineral density(BMD) and bone mineral content(BMC)in each specimen.Results:The BMD and BMC of thighbone,E 2 and IGF-1 of serum and in CAG,CHG,CCG and EG was compared with Sham-G,there was no significant difference,but which was higher than MG(P

Objective To investigate the pathologic base of breast cancer malignant halo.Methods The status of margin of 80 cases confirmed breast nonspecific invasive ductal cancer by pathology were determined preoperatively.80 cases were divided into two groups:malignant halo group and non malignant halo group.The estrogen receptor (ER),progesterone receptor (PR),human endothelial growth factor receptor (CerB-2),nuclear protein antibodies (Ki-67) expression were detected by immunohistochemical method.The histological grade,mitotic count and documented tumor size,patient age and the number of lymph node metastases,breast cancer margin on pathology were observed.Halo tissue were drawn from specimens and the tissue structure were observed.Results Ki-67 expression in malignant halo group were significantly lower than those in non malignant halo group.The observing results of the margin status of breast cancer on ultrasound and pathology were consistent.Halo tissue was mainly composed of fatty tissue and scattered clumps of cancerous tissue,fibrous tissue,normal lobular and tubular.Conclusions Malignant halo is a special manifestation of breast cancer on gray-scale ultrasound.

Anatomical hepatic segmentectomy is the treatment of choice for hepatolithiasis. However, in consideration of the volume of residual liver and the liver function, anatomical polysegmentectomy of the bilateral lobes for hepatolithiasis is restricted. Protection of the portal pedicles to the segments preserved and avoidance of ischemia/reperfusion injury to the residual liver parenchyma are critical steps during the operation.A female patient with hepatolithiasis and had a surgical history of choledocholithiasis removal and T-tube drainage received ana tomic polysegmentectomy with segments Ⅰ and Ⅳ preservation at the General Hospital of Kunming Medical College. During the operation, Portal pedicles to the segments Ⅰ , Ⅱ, right lobe,and segments Ⅱ and Ⅲ were isolated prior to liver parenchyma transection. Portal pedicles to segments Ⅰ and Ⅳ were protected under direct visualization. Hepatoduodenal ligament occlusion was not applied during liver parenchyma transaction. Segments Ⅱ- Ⅲ and Ⅴ-Ⅷ were anatomically resected, and segments Ⅰ ,Ⅳ were preserved with satisfactory vascularization. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged 14 days after the operation.

Objective To explore the changes of frequency, BAFF expression and sensitivity to apoptosis of CD19 + CD5 + B cells in endometriosis patients and investigate the relationship between CD19 +CD5 + B cells and endometriosis. Methods Flow cytometry and quantitative PCR were used to assess the frequency, BAFF expression and sensitivity to apoptosis of CD19+ CD5 + B cells in the peripheral blood,peritoneal fluids and endometrium biopsies of 39 patients with endometriosis and 31 patients with myoma of uterus ( control subjects). Results: All 39 endometriosis patients had higher frequencies ( all P ＜ 0. 01 ) of CD19 + CD5 + B cells in the peripheral blood, peritoneal fluids and endometrium biopsies than that in 31 control subjects. CD19 + CD5 + B cells from endometriosis patients expressed higher BAFF, and were more resistant to CD95L-induced apoptosis than the cells from control subjects ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion CD19 + CD5 + B cells might play an important role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis through higher BAFF expression and more resistance to CD95L-induced apoptosis.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of human recombinant vascular endothelial inhibition (en) combined with gamma knife in the treatment of elderly advanced non-small cell lung cancer patents.Methods Totally 38 cases of senile non-small cell lung cancer patients were divided into two groups:A group was treatment group with 17 cases of recombinant human endostatin combined with gamma knife,group B was control group with 21 cases of patients receiving body gamma knife alone.Recombinant human endostatin was given intravenously 15 mg per day in 500 ml of saline for 3 ～ 4 hours for 14 days a cycle,and the total dose of body gamma knife therapy was 36 ～ 48 Gy/10 ～ 12f.Results The response rate (RR) of groups A and B were 58.82％ and 57.14％ without statistical difference.One-year survival rate of groups A and B were 47.06％ and 38.09％,respectively;and there was no statistical significance.The main side-effects of both groups were bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reactions,but no statistical difference was observed.Two groups of patients'quality of life were improved without statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Body-gamma knife therapy combined with recombinant human endostatin in elderly advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients has better efficacy such as CR rate and long-term survival,and similar side-effects.

Objective To investigate the expression and relationship between hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (hepaCAM) protein and some multidrug resistance proteins in renal carcinoma tissue.Methods Expressions of hepaCAM,multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP),P-glycoprotein (P-gp),lung resistance protein (LRP),and topoisomerase Ⅱ (TOPO Ⅱ) protein were detected by immunohistochemistry in different areas of human renal cell carcinoma tissues and their relationships were analyzed.Results In the peripheral zone of renal tumor,hepaCAM,MRP,P-gp and LRP protein were showed positive expression.In the central region of the renal tumor,the expressions of hepaCAM,P-gp and LRP were negative or weakly positive,while the expressions of MRP and TOPO Ⅱ protein were positive.The expressions of MRP and TOPO Ⅱ protein in the central region of tumor were stronger than those in the peripheral zone of tunor (31.23 ±5.67 vs.23.89 ±4.56;45.66 ±2.34 vs.5.23 ±0.66),with statistically significant differences (t =-6.20,P =0.00;t =-100.16,P =0.00).While the expressions of other proteins (hepaCAM,P-gp and LRP) in the central region of tumor were weaker than those in the peripheral zone of tumor (3.21 ±1.12 vs.27.25±2.23;2.34±0.33 vs.51.23±3.45;4.22±1.78 vs.44.23 ± 1.45),with statistically significant differences (t =60.87,P =0.00;t =90.35,P =0.00;t =107.18,P =0.00).Correlation analysis showed that the expression of hepaCAM protein in the central region of renal carcinoma was related with the expression of MRP protein (r =0.94,P =0.01),but it was not related with the expressions of P-gp,LRP and TOPO Ⅱ protein (r=0.22,P=0.44;r=0.14,P=0.80;r=0.34,P=0.07).Conclusion The expression of hepaCAM protein in renal carcinoma may be related to tumor drug-resistance.