BACKGROUND: Epithelial ovarian cancer remains to be the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy. Survival is influenced primarily by FIGO stage amount of residual disease and histologic type. Unfortunately, such prognostic factors still fail to account fully for the biologic behavior of ovarian carcinomas. It is of interest therefore to identify new prognostic factors which are more objective, quantifiable and reproducible. DNA ploidy has been shown to be an independent prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian malignancies.
OBJECTIVE: The general objective of the study was to determine the ploidy characteristics of epithelial tumors of ovary. The specific objectives were to determine the association of age and aneuploidy, the association of tumor size and aneuploidy and the association of stage and aneuploidy.
METHODS: Patients who underwent surgical staging and/or tumor debulking for ovarian cancer with final histopathologic results of epithelial ovarian carcinoma were included in the study. Exclusion criteria included previous treatment with chemotheraphy or radiotherapy and previous or concomitant malignant diseases. DNA ploidy was determined using flow cytometry of paraffin embedded blocks.
RESULTS: DNA ploidy was obtained in 109 paraffin-embedded blocks of epithelial cancers of the ovary. Aneuploidy was establish in 14 of the total 109 samples (12.8%) as follows: 2 from 24 mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (14.2%), 2 from 24 mucinous tumor of low malignant potential (14.2%), 5 from 29 serious cystadenocarcinoma (17%), 5 from 30 endometriod carcinoma (16%).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of aneuploidy in epithelial ovarian cancer is 12.8% and aneuploidy is higher for serous adecarcinoma and endometriod adenocarcinoma compared to mucinous tumors of low malignant potential and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma.

Human ; Ovarian Epithelial Cancer ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Flow Cytometry ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma ; Ploidies ; Aneuploidy

Objective: This study assessed the relationship of two structural tests, optic-disc photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and a functional test, standard achromatic perimetry (SAP), in the diagnosis of glaucoma. Methods: A retrospective review of charts from the database of a private glaucoma specialist and the glaucoma clinic of a tertiary hospital was done. The participants were longitudinally evaluated and had comprehensive eye examination, imaging, and functional testing. Optic-disc photographs, OCTs, and SAPs were interpreted and evaluated separately, and then correlated with each other by two glaucoma experts working individually. Sensitivities, specificities, and predictive values were obtained for each diagnostic test and in combination. Kappa statistics were used for interobserver agreement. Results: Three hundred sixty-seven eyes of 188 patients were included in the study. Fifty-eight patients were diagnosed as normal, 130 had glaucoma. OCT had the highest sensitivity and specificity at 70.7% and 76.6%, followed by SAP at 72.4% and 53.5% respectively. Optic-disc photos had the lowest sensitivity and specificity at 55.8% and 54.4% respectively, and the lowest interobserver agreement (kappa = 0.50-0.61). The predictive values of the 3 tests increased to 82% with good interobserver agreement (kappa = 0.68-0.78) when correlated with each other. Conclusion The correlation of structural and functional tests increased the accuracy of diagnosing glaucoma. These examinations offered complementary information and, when used in conjunction with comprehensive clinical evaluation, guided the clinician in the proper management of patients with glaucoma.
Glaucoma Optic Disk Tomography ; Optical Coherence Visual Fields

Methods: A prospective, randomized, comparative study was performed involving patients undergoing trabeculectomy who were randomly assigned to either 0.2 mg/ml MMC for 4 minutes or 0.4 mg/ml for 2 minutes. The IOP, bleb characteristics, and occurrence of complications were compared. Age and gender of the patients, preoperative IOP, MMC concentration, bleb characteristics, angle status, and age of the surgery were analyzed to determine if they are predictive factors of the postoperative IOP using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Seventy-four eyes of 68 patients underwent trabeculectomy: 36 eyes were treated with 0.2 mg/ml MMC for 4 minutes and 38 eyes with 0.4 mg/ml MMC for 2 minutes. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean preoperative IOP and postoperative IOP, as well as in the mean percent change in IOP (p = 0.87) between the 2 groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed the preoperative IOP (p = 0.02) and the type of filtering bleb (cystic p < 0.001; diffuse p = 0.045) as predictive factors of postoperative IOP. KaplanMeier survival curves showed no significant difference between the 2 groups at an average follow-up of 20 weeks. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the outcomes of trabeculectomies using 0.2 mg/ml and 0.4 mg/ml MMC. Preoperative IOP and bleb characteristics are factors predictive of successful filtration surgery.
Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; TRABECULECTOMY ; MITOMYCIN ; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE ;

Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was performed involving patients requiring laser iridotomy who were randomized either to Nd:YAG laser or sequential argon-Nd:YAG laser iridotomy. Iris-perforation success rate, the average number of laser shots and amount of laser energy used, the intraocular pressure (IOP) after laser treatment, and the rate of complications were compared. The prelaser pupil size was correlated with the iris perforation success rate. Results: Forty-one eyes underwent laser iridotomy (23 Nd:YAG and 18 sequential). All eyes had patent iridotomies. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of the number of Nd:YAG laser shots delivered (p=0.97) and amount of Nd:YAG energy used (p=0.64). The total amount of laser energy used was higher in the sequential group (p=0.003). There was no significant difference in the IOP and complication rates after treatment. A positive correlation was seen between prelaser pupil size and number of Nd:YAG shots needed to enlarge (r=0.38, P=0.01). Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser alone and sequential argon-Nd:YAG have comparable success in attaining patency of laser iridotomy, IOP control, and rate of complications in dark irides of Filipinos.
Human ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; GLAUCOMA ; LASERS, SOLID-STATE ; NEODYMIUM ;

A 1-month randomized study comparing the intraocular pressure (IOP) reducing effect of latanoprost 0.005% administered in the evening with unoprostone 0.12% given twice a day in primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension was performed.A total of 27 patients were included:12 were in the latanoprost group and 15 in the unonoprostone group.Mean IOP was reduced from 27.38 mm HG with latanoprost and from 26.59 to 22.16 mm Hg with unoprostone as determined at the end of the 1-month period.No upward drift in IOP was seen with either drug during the treatment period.Thus,latanoprost 0.005% administered once daily in the evening, reduced IOP more than the unoprostone given twice daily in primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Human ; Aged 80 and over ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; GLAUCOMA ; LATANOPROST ; UNOPROSTONE

Human ; DORZOLAMIDE ; GLAUCOMA ; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE MEASUREMENT ; OCULAR HYPERTENSION