A pyelonephritis model of mouse is made by c. albicans infection. The determination of im-mune functions in model show that, both proliferation response of T cell to ConA and IL-2 activ-iting of spleenocytes of model animal to inductionwith ConA increased at 30 days after injected.The proliferation response of B cell to stimulation with LPS inhanced from 15 through 30 days,primary Ab response of model animal to SRBC stimulation inhanced between 15-30 days afterimmunization. DTH response to stimulation with c. albicans protein Ag raised since 15 days andup to peak at 30 days. Agglutination titer of serum raised up 15 days, and remained at higherlevel untill 30 days.

With the progress of science and technology- the development of nuclear industry and the extensive use of cancer adiotherapy - people are exposed on ionizing radiation more frequently than before. Therefore- the research on anti-radiation drugs ias become the hotspot in pharmaceutical industry. However- the synthetic anti-radiation drugs have several side effects- more and nore investigators have focused on the traditional Chinese medicine (TOM) and natural products. This review reports the research idvances in anti-radiation TCM and natureal products.

Objective To observe the changes of brain neurotransmitters in patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS) with encephalofluc-tuogram technology (ET). Methods From August, 2015 to December, 2016, 30 patients with VVS were selected as case group, 30 controls matched with sex and age were selected from the outpatients without syncope. They were detected the function of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), acetylcholine (Ach), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) with ET. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the values of GABA, Glu, 5-HT, Ach and DA (t<1.680, P>0.05), while the values of NE was higher in the case group than in the control group (t=-3.552, P<0.001). Conclusion VVS may be related to the high level of activity of NE in the brain.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of reconstructing horizontal periodontal bone defects by tissue engineering based on bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)as seed cells and enamel matrix proteins(EMPs)as growth factors. Methods Two healthy rhesus monkeys were selected, and BMSCs were isolated from iliac marrow and serial subcultivation was conducted. The cells of induced BMSCs at passage 3 were harvested and mixed with Bio-oss collagen. The models of horizontal periodontal bone defects were established surgically in each buccal side of the posterior teeth, and were divided into four groups (blank control group, material group, cells/material group and cells/material/EMPs group). The histological and Micro-CT observation were carried out 8 weeks later. Results In the blank control group, the defects were filled with fibrous connective tissue. There was newly-formed alveolar bone in the material group. In the cells/material group, periodontal regeneration could be observed, while the newly-formed cementum was irregular and less in quantity. In the cells/material/EMPs group, the amount of newly-formed alveolar bone was larger, and the newly-formed cementum was continuous and regular. Conclusion The tissue engineering technique of BMSCs as seed cells in combination with EMPs induction can significantly promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of high altitude on cognitive flexibility.

METHODSSimulated hypoxia at an altitude of 3 600 m was performed in a hypobaric chamber. Twenty-three volunteers without hypoxic experience were selected and the mean age was about 25.1 years. The physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation) were measured. Task switch paradigm was used to explore the cognitive flexibility in each phase, and the changing anxiety state was evaluated simultaneously.

RESULTSReaction time (RT) switch cost in hypoxia phase showed a significant increase compared with the baseline; anxiety level in hypoxia phase was higher than the adaptation phase; a remarkable negative correlation between anxiety level and RT switch cost was found in adaptation phase, whereas a positive correlation was found in landing phase.

CONCLUSIONHigh altitude (3 600 m) affects cognitive flexibility and anxiety state. Anxiety before the hypoxia exposure improves the cognitive flexibility performance, while anxiety after the hypoxia exposure hampers the performance because of the post-hypoxia effect.

Adult ; Altitude ; Anxiety ; Cognition ; physiology ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; psychology ; Male ; Reaction Time

The effects of the feed attractants on Whitmania pigra were studied. The average weight of Wh. pigra were 5.0 g. Arginine was selected as feed attractants, xanthan gum was selected as feed substrate. The times of Wh. pigra going into the inducing room were recorded. The water temperature was 22-25 degrees C during the whole experiment. Arginine that had better inducing effect was chosen to carry on in the gradient experiment. The results showed that the best inducing effect was found when the added amount of arginine was 0.3%, which was close to the arginine content of the natural body fluid of Wh. Pigra and Bellamya purificata, 2.97 mg x g(-1).
Animal Feed ; analysis ; Animals ; Arginine ; analysis ; metabolism ; Body Weight ; Feeding Behavior ; Leeches ; growth & development ; physiology

Objective To analyze the pressure-driven streaming potential in a cancellous bone meso-mechanical model with numerical simulation, so as to understand characteristics of streaming potential distributions in cancellous bone. Methods Based on the control equations of electric field and fluid, the finite element method was used to calculate the streaming potential in the cancellous bone model when subjected to pressure. Results The streaming potential near the solid surface of the model was relatively large (about 43.4 μV), while the streaming potential away from the solid surface was smaller (about 19.7 μV). Pressure and Zeta potential had a significant impact on the streaming potential of the model, presenting a linear relationship with the streaming potential. The streaming potential was greatly affected when the ion concentration was low, whereas the effect on the streaming potential was small when the ion concentration was high. Conclusions This research finding provides a theoretical reference for prevention and treatment by stimulation methods of electric current and electromagnetic fields in clinical fractures, senile osteoporosis and other bone diseases.

Purpose: This study had two objectives: 1) to develop a scale for the process of exercise engagement (SPEE) for prediabetic individuals (PDIs); 2) to validate a structural model for the process of exercise engagement for PDIs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with simple random sampling was conducted from September 2013 to December 2015 (in Taiwan). A total of 310 PDIs were enrolled for scale development and model validation via item analysis, factor analyses, and structural equation modeling. The Kuo model was used as the basis for developing the Chinese version of the SPEE for PDIs. Results: The SPEE contains five subscales with a total of twenty-one items that account for 54.9% to 65.9% of the total variance explained for assessing participants’ process of engagement during exercise. For Kuo model validation, the model measures indicated goodness of fit between the Kuo model and sample data. Analysis further revealed a direct effect between the creating health blueprints (CHB) stage and the spontaneous regular exercise (SRE) stage (b=.60). Conclusion The SPEE includes five subscales for assessing the psychological transition and behavioral expression at each stage of the process of exercise engagement for PDIs. The SPEE for people with prediabetes provides deeper insights into the factors of behavioral change stages that are required to initiate long-term health care outcomes and avoid developing diabetes. These insights are significant as they allow for patient- specific mapping and behavior modification to effect exercise.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a disease with chronic inflammation of unknown etiology involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract. The incidence and prevalence of CD are increasing recently in Asia. Half of the CD patients will have intestinal complications, such as strictures or fistulas, within 20 years after diagnosis. Twenty-five percentage of CD patients have had at least one small bowel stricture and 10% have had at least one colonic stricture and lead to significant complications. Most of these patients will require at least one surgery during their lifetime. Early diagnosis and evaluation with adequate managements for the patients can prevent disability and mortality of these patient. Here, we reviewed the current incidence of CD with stricture, the etiology of stricture, and how to diagnose and manage the stricture.
Asia ; Colon ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Crohn Disease* ; Diagnosis ; Disease Management ; Early Diagnosis ; Fistula ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Intestines ; Mortality ; Prevalence

Fistula formation is common during the course of Crohn's disease, whereas duodenocolic fistulas are very rare. The management of internal fistulas in Crohn's disease is a complex issue. Herein, we report a case of duodenocolic fistula manifested by increasing frequency of diarrhea and loss of body weight. The fistula was diagnosed by upper gastrointestinal tract barium series, magnetic resonance enterography, and panendoscopy and was treated with a right hemicolectomy and Whipple procedure because of the simultaneous occurrence of pancreatic head tumor. Subsequent treatment with adalimumab, azathioprine, and mesalazine was prescribed for the maintenance of disease remission, and the patient was well until 18 months after the surgery.
Adalimumab ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Azathioprine ; Barium ; Body Weight ; Crohn Disease* ; Diarrhea ; Fistula* ; Head ; Humans ; Intestinal Fistula ; Magnetics ; Magnets ; Mesalamine ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract