Objective To explore the effects of H 2 S on neuronal injuries induced by oxygen glucose deprivation /reoxygenation ( OGD/R) in cortical neurons .Methods For OGD, the primary cultured cortical neurons were incubated with glucose-free EBSS media for 4h in N2/CO2/O2 (93%/5%/2%) atmosphere.Thereafter, the media were replaced by Neurobasal/B27 culture media and the neurons were incubated for 12 h in a 5%CO2 incubator at 37℃.NaHS was used as a H2S donor and cell survival rate was determined by cell counting kit 8(CCk-8).[Ca2+]i was determined using fura-2/AM and fluorescence microscopic imaging systems .The release rate of lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) was determined by lactate dehydrogenase assay kit , and cell damage was analyzed by staining of propidium iodide ( PI ) .Results After pretreated with 200, 300 and 600μmol/L sodium hydrosulfide ( NaHS) for 30min before OGD/R, the cell survival rate of neurons significantly increased (n=4).[Ca2+]I(n=5), LDH release rate (n=4) and cell damage percentage (n=6) in the neuron pretreated with 300 μM NaHS were significantly lower than those in ODG/R cells.Treatment with 10μmol/L calcium chelator BAPTA also reduced the LDH release rate and cell damage percentage induced by ODG /R in neurons . Conclusion The results indicate that H 2 S may inhibit the OGD/R induced damage in cortical neurons via reducing calcium overload of neurons .

OBJECTIVE: To validate the effectiveness of a novel comprehensive classification for intertrochanteric fracture (ITF). METHODS: The study included 616 patients with ITF, including 279 males (45.29%) and 337 females (54.71%); the age ranged from 23 to 100 years, with an average of 72.5 years. Two orthopaedic residents (observers Ⅰ and Ⅱ) and two senior orthopaedic surgeons (observers Ⅲ and Ⅳ) were selected to classify the CT imaging data of 616 patients in a random order by using the AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification of 1996/2007 edition, the AO/OTA classification of 2018 edition, and the novel comprehensive classification method at an interval of 1 month. Kappa consistency test was used to evaluate the intra-observer and inter-observer consistency of the three ITF classification systems. RESULTS: The inter-observer consistency of the three classification systems evaluated by 4 observers twice showed that the 3 classification systems had strong inter-observer consistency. Among them, the κ value of the novel comprehensive classification was higher than that of the AO/OTA classification of 1996/2007 edition and 2018 edition, and the experience of observers had a certain impact on the classification results, and the inter-observer consistency of orthopaedic residents was slightly better than that of senior orthopaedic surgeons. The intra-observer consistency of two evaluations of three classification systems by 4 observers showed that the consistency of the novel comprehensive classification was better for the other 3 observers, except that the consistency of observer Ⅳ in the AO/OTA classification of 2018 version was slightly higher than that of the novel comprehensive classification. The results showed that the novel comprehensive classification has higher repeatability, and the intra-observer consistency of senior orthopaedic surgeons was better than that of orthopaedic residents. CONCLUSION The novel comprehensive classification system has good intra- and inter-observer consistency, and has high validity in the classification of CT images of ITF patients; the experience of observers has a certain impact on the results of the three classification systems, and those with more experiences have higher intra-observer consistency.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Observer Variation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods* ; Radiography