Astragaloside Ⅳ content in species of Radix Astragali seu Hedysari of Chinese materia mediea has been determined with dual wavelength,reflect zig-zag scanning,external-standard dual-point methods. The average recovery and coefficient of variation(CV)are 99.15% and 3.71%(n=6),respective- ly.

With the method of non-experimental assessment research of epidemiology,by viewing the reformation as the intervention and dividing observation group and control group,the study makes some statistics about the variables related to the quality of applicants for a medical college after and before the reformation.The conclusion is:the reformation may be one of the causes that appeals to applicants from reformed class to the non-reformed class ; the reformation is a risk factor to the non-reformed class ( may cause the quality of applccants down ) while the reformation is a protective factor to the reformed class ( help raise the quality of applicants or avoid slipping down too fast ).

Hyperuricemia is closely associated with hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease.However,numerous studies have shown that as a natural antioxidant,uric acid has a strong antioxidant effect.It can enhance the body's overall antioxidant capacity,scavenge free radicals in tissue,decrease the level of oxidative stress,and improve the outcomes in patients with stroke.It may provide a new target for the treatment of stroke through investigating the neuroprotective effect of uric acid on ischemic stroke.

Effects of different procedures of magnetic nanoparticles into the liposome structure on the distribution of magnetic particles in the liposome were investigated. Magnetic liposomes with high-encapsulating rate of cisplatin (CDDP) were obtained. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles which was modified by organic functional group on surface was synthesized by an one-step modified hydrothermal method. The CDDP magnetic liposomes were prepared by a film scattering-ultrasonic technique and the concentrations of CDDP in the liposomes were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorbance spectroscopy. Magnetic liposomes with different microstructure were prepared by the two different procedures, where the magnetic particles were combined with phospholipid before the film preparation to form liposome in procedure I, and drug solution and the magnetic particles were mixed before hydrating the lipids film to form liposome in procedure II. The liposome structure was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The CDDP magnetic liposomes were prepared by the optimized method which was selected by orthogonal test. Encapsulation rate of the magnetic particles distributed in the phospholipid bilayer through the procedure I was 34.90%. While liposome, produced by the procedure II technique, contained magnetic particles in the interior aqueous compartment, which encapsulation rate was 28.34%. Encapsulation rates of both I and II were higher than that of conventional liposome. The release profile of all the three different liposomes in vitro fitted with a first-order equation. Because of distribution of magnetic particles in the phospholipid bilayer, the skeleton of phospholipid bilayer was changed. The releasing tl/2 of magnetic liposomes produced by the procedure I technique is 9 h, which is shorter than that of the other two liposomes. Assemble of magnetic nanoparticles into the structure of liposome was succeeded by the procedure I, which showed superiority than by procedure II whatever in CDDP liposome encapsulation efficiency and content of the magnetic particles and would ensure sustained-release character.

Background Noninvasive methods such as in vivo confocal microscopy and Orbscan Ⅱ corneal topography have been used to examine ocular surface structure at the cellular level.However,very few domestic reports about the corneal structures of experimental animals investigated by confocal microscopy are available.Objective This study was to compare the anatomical differences of the corneal structures of three frequently used experimental animals presented by in vivo confocal microscopy,and to offer a database on the information provided by the in vivo study of the corneal structures of these animals.Methods Bilateral corneas of 3 clean adult male New Zealand rabbits,3 clean adult male Lewis rats and 3 clean adult male Swiss mice were examined by in vivo confocal microscopy.The morphological characteristics of every layer of the corneas and the endothelial cell densities were analyzed and compared.Results Superficial epithelium cells of the three animal models were characterized as polygon cells with high or low reflective border.The arrangement of the basal epithelial cells was regular with tight contacts but these cells lacked visible nuclei.The Bowman' s layer of cornea presented as an amorphous sheet containing abundant subepithelial plexus.In the rabbits,a highly reflective structure in the corneal stroma wasconfirmed as the nucleus,and the cell density of the posterior stroma was significantly lower than that of anterior stroma(387.5 cells/mm2 versus 223.5 cells/mm2)(U =0.000,P =0.000).Massive light-reflecting astreoids were displayed in the stroma of the rats and the mice.Corneal endothelial cells(CECs)of the three animal models had similar shapes and arrangements,presenting with high refractive cell bodies with dark borders and honeycomb-like arrangements.The CECs densities were 2192.5,1936.0,1565.0 cells/mm2 in the New Zealand rabbits,Lewis rats and Swiss mice,respectively,showing a statistically significant difference among them(H =49.940,P =0.000),and that of the rabbits was significantly higher than that in the rats and mice(x2 =0.000,P =0.000;x2 =0.000,P=0.000).Significant difference was also seen between the rats and the mice in the CECs densities(x2=0.000,P=0.000).Conclusions The CECs of the three animal modes are similar in morphology.But the structures of their stromal cells and endothelial cell densities are different.The combination of in vivo confocal microscopy and Orbscan Ⅱ corneal topography offers high-resolution imaging for each layer of the cornea.

Humans ; Vertigo ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Vestibular Function Tests

Objective To explore the imaging features and its correlation with pathological findings of giant cell tumor of the ten-don sheath (GCTTS).Methods The clinical data,radiographic images and pathological characteristics of sixteen cases of GCTTS confirmed by pathology were retrospectively reviewed.Plain CT,pre and post-contrast MR were performed in all patients.HE stai-ning was used to investigate the histological characteristics of GCTTS,and immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the ex-pression of CD68.Results There were nine cases of local type GCTTS and seven cases of diffuse type GCTTS in our present study. Nine cases were located in the knee joint,four cases in the foot,and three cases in the hand.Compared with normal skeletal muscle signals,lesions showed isointensity or low intensity on T1 WI and inhomogeneous low intensity on T2 WI.Three cases caused adja-cent bone destruction,one case lead to adjacent bone absorption,and no abnormality was found in other twelve cases.Six cases were injected Gd-DTPA for enhanced scan,in which four cases showed significantly heterogeneous enhancement,one case mild heteroge-neous enhancement,and one case no heterogeneous enhancement.Pathology examination results revealed that GCTTS parenchyma cells were mainly formed by histocyte-like monocytes,and scattered multinuclear giant cells.GCTTS mesenchyme was rich in gelat-inous fiber and hemosiderin pigmentation.Conclusion MR has a significant advantage in detecting specific hemosiderin pigmentation and determining lesions area of GCTTS.Combination of MR with pathology results may improve the diagnosis accuracy.

Objective To explore the applicability of the histological features of plexiform bone and osteon banding to species identification. Methods 35 ground cross sections of the tibial midshaft collected from 10 human cadavers, 10 pigs, 5 cattle, 5 dogs, and 5 sheep, were observed under light microscope at 100-fold magnification. Results Plexiform bone and osteon banding were mostly observed in nonhuman bones, whereas rarely in human bones. Additionally, histological structures also varied with different individuals within a species. Conclusion The plexiform bone and osteon banding are the two important characteristics for certifying nonhuman bone in species identification.

A method has been developed for the determination of stimulants in products of nutritional supplement. The stimulants in the samples were extracted with a solution of sodium hydroxide and then cleaned up by liquid -liquid partitioning.The extracted stimulants were analyzed by gas chromatography with HP-5capilary column and detected by the Nitrogen-Phosphorus detector (NPD). The results showed that the method had good purifying effect with high sensitivity. The operation was also simple and quick. The detection limit ranged from 5 to 40 ?g/L and the average recovery rate was 75.4%～143.1% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 0.27% to 5.5%.

Synergetic antiplatelet effects of aqueous extracts of Fructus Crataegi and Rhizoma Alismatis in vitro were studied. The interaction of the two drugs was also observed. Results showed that the IC50 of Fructus Crataegi on platelet aggregation induced by ADP was 1.388g/100ml,whereas the IC50 of Rnizoma Alismatis was 7. 585g/100ml. In the presence of low concentrations of Fructus Crataegui (0.3~0.9g/100ml ),the an　tiplatelet activity of Rhizoma Alismatis was significantly increased,and the IC50 was only 1.755g/100ml with the presence of 0. 9g of Cralaegus pinnatifida per 100ml. These results suggested that the two drugs have a mutual synergetic effect on antiplatelet function