Obesity is caused by the imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure. It is also influenced by genetic factors. Many genes,such as ob gene, ? 3 receptor gene, ucp 1 gene, may involved in the prevalence of obesity. Pharmacologic treatments include anorexigenic agents, lipase inhibitor, ? 3 receptor agonists and many newer antiobesity drugs, which provide prospective ways in treating obesity.

Objective To assess the effect of 5-azacytidine (5-AZ) on the expressions of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) genes in cultured rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Methods Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and adult rat BMSCs were isolated and cultured. BMSCs were incubated with 5-AZ and (or) myocardiocytes culture medium. RT-PCR was used to measure the expressions of cardiac ANP and β-MHC genes. Results Normally cultured rat BMSCs didn't express cardiac ANP or β-MHC. After inducing by 5-AZ, rat BMSCs expressed ANP or β-MHC. The myocardiocytes culture medium enhanced expression of β-MHC, but didn't affect the expression of ANP. Conclusions The 5-AZ induces the rat BMSCs to express either cardiac ANP or β-MHC, and the former could be enhanced by cardiomyocytes culture medium.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of serum myoglobin (Mb) and cardiac troponin (cTn) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by reviewing and evaluating the corresponding references with evidence-based medicine (EBM) theory.Methods All references (including papers,reviews and abstracts) of CNKI-CHKD,CMCC(1994-2005)and EMCC(1995-2005) were collected and retrospectively analyzed according to evidence based medicine (EBM) standard,with Mb cTn as the detected indices for diagnosing AMI.Results In the searched period of 1994-2005,123 papers were published (93 pieces were written in Chinese,and 30 were written in English). In most references,the authors set clinical control trial (CCT) (Chinese: 92.5%;English: 53.3%),blind control trial (Chinese: 19.4%;English: 10.0%) and/or random control trial (RCT) (Chinese: 9.7%;English: 16.7%). The respective reference ranges weren′t provided in 42 pieces of articles.Conclusion The analytic result of the references in home and aborad indicates combined detection of Mb and cTnI posseses favourite sensitivity and specificity,which contributes to the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

Objective　To study on effects of mVEGF and anti-VEGF antibody during cultured HUVEC proliferation in vitro.Methods　Endothelial cell proliferation was assayed using human umbilical vein endothelial cells stimulated with mVEGF and with CIA joint extracts and was used　　3　　H-TaR incorporation.Results　The anti-VEGF neutralizing antibody can inhibit the proliferation of HUVEC stimulated with mVEGF and with CIA joint extracts,whose suppression percents were 72.2% and 69.9%,respectively.Conclusion　mVEGF specifically promotes the growth of vascular endothelial cells.During early stage of CIA development,expression of VEGF in the joint increases and VEGF is expressed biologically active and can be inhibited by anti-VEGF neutralizing antibody.

The perineurial cells of the small nerve branch of the normal human abdominal wall are observed with electron microscope. The fibrous long-spacing bodies (FLS) are found within the interstitial substance of the endoneurium. 1. 2-5 layers of the perineurial cells surround the nerve fasciculus. The perineurial cells are squamous in shape and the cytoplasm contains microfilaments and pinocytotic vesicles. Each perineurial cell has an obvious basement membrane on its basal surface but the fibroblasts, whatever situated in the endoneurium or on the outer surface of the perineurium, has no basement membrane. Numerous desmosome and some gap junctions between the close attached perineurial cells are demostrated. The collagen fibrils between perineurial cells can be often shown. FLS bodies and collagen fibrils about 45 nm in diameter in the interstitial substance of endoneurium inside perineurial cells are demonstrated. In the connective tissue surrounding the outside of perineurial cells, the collagen fibrils of 80 nm in diameter can be seen, but no FLS bodies present there. 2. FLS bodies in the endoneurial matrix can be demostrated. Most of them closely associated with the basement membrane of the Schwann cells surrounding the unmyelinated nerves but no FLS bodies are found associate with those of the myelinated nerves. A few FLS bodies do not relate to basement membrane and they are invested only with the collagen fibrils. In the longitudinal sections, most of FLS bodies are in spindle shape of various sizes, their longitudinal axes parallel to that of the adjoining collagen fibrils. Sometimes the FLS bodies continue with the collagen fibrils are found. Occasionally, FLS body like a bridge locate between two Schwann cells and its dark bands continue to the basement membrane of the Schwann cells. Two or three FLS bodies may fuse together but their cross bands do not registered at the same level. In the oblique sections, FLS bodies are nearly rectangular in shape, with the cross bands shown, and their appearance do not show greaty difference from those in longitudinal sections. The periodicity of FLS bodies is about 133nm in length; the dark band in it is about 53 nm, which is made of the dense granular substance; the light band is about 80 nm, which is made of a network with approximated parallel microfilaments. There are no further crossstriated structures within the periods. Some problems, such as the role of the perineurial cells, the relationship of FLS bodies with basement membrane, are briefly discussed.

OBJECTIVE To understand operating room management conditions and put forward improvement methods at township hospitals.METHODS An observatory study was conducted in 9 township hospitals using the evaluation criteria based on the requirements of the Guidelines for Disinfection in Hospitals.Technical Guidelines for Prevention and Control of the Hospital Infection in Operation Departments and the Guidelines for Hand Hygiene of Medical staff in Medical Institutions.RESULTS Problems were found to a different extent in all of the 9 township hospitals:faults in rules and regulations,unreasonable layout technological process,unstandardized sterilization and disinfection and short knowledge about hospital infection.CONCLUSIONS Special attention to managment of operating room,improving consciousness,strengthening medical staff study and improving system are the key issues for improving the management level of operating room at township hospitals.

Child ; Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma

The velocity of blood in vessels is an important indicator that reflects the microcirculatory status. The core of the measurement technology, which is based on spatiotemporal (ST) image, is to map the cell motion trace to the two-dimensional ST image, and transfer the measurement of flow velocity to the detection of trace orientation in ST image. This paper proposes a trace orientation measurement algorithm is based on Randomized Hough Transformation and projection transformation, and it is able to estimate trace orientation and flow velocity in noisy ST images. Experiments showed that the agreement between the results by manual and by the proposed algorithm reached over 90%.
Algorithms ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Humans ; Microcirculation ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis

Heterotopic ossification is the abnormal formation of true bone within extraskeletal soft tissues, which frequently showing a predilection instead for fascia, tendons, and other mesenchymal soft tissues. This paper summarized differential types and quantities of regulatory proteins expression at different stages of heterotopic ossification by proteomics techniques, and screened differential expression of functional proteins at different time points. Further more, identificated and validated certain proteins, which helpful to discovery new regulatory proteins and explore the mutual relationships among the proteins. Proteomics has extensive applications in regulatory proteins research of post-traumatic heterotopic ossification, can further elucidate the mechanism of post-traumatic ectopic bone formation and search for new regulatory biomolecule regulatory sites.

Aim To explore the effect of pemetrexed on autophagy and the function of autohpagy activation in A549 cells.Methods The anti-proliferative effect of pemetrexed on A549 cells was detected by MTS. The formation of autophagosome was observed by trans-mission electron microscopy (TEM)and the expression of autophagy-related proteins was determined by West-ern blot.The inhibitory effects of the combination of pemetrexed and a selective autophagy inhibitor on A549 cells were measured by MTS.Results Peme-trexed inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells.Auto-phagy was activated in A549 cells by exposure to pemtrexed.Autophagosome was increased in peme-trexed treatment cells compared with control group. Pemtrexed treatment led to the formation of autophago-some and the conversion of LC3-Ⅰto LC3-Ⅱ.The in-crease of Beclin-1 and the decline of autophagy sub-strate of p62 were observed in pemtrexed treated A549 cells.The pharmacological autophagy inhibitor chloro-quine (CQ)sensitized A549 cells to pemetrexed treat-ment.The inhibitory rate was (28.42 ±2.45 )% for pemetrexed only,and (45 .36 ±3.52 )% for peme-trexed combined with CQ.Conclusions Pemetrexed could activate autophagy in A549 cell lines.The dis-ruption of autophagy facilitates the anti-proliferative effect of pemetrexed on A549 cells,which provides a novel strategy in lung cancer treatment.