Objective To observe air disinfection efficacy of ultraviolet ray,ozone disinfector,and circulating air disinfector in outpatient blood collection room.Methods Air in outpatient blood collection room was disinfected by ultraviolet ray,ozone disinfector,and circulating air disinfector,air specimen was taken before and after air disinfection,as well as after 1,2,3,and 4 hour working condition of staff,efficacy of 3 disinfection methods were compared.Results Under static condition,there was no significant difference in average colony forming unit(CFU) among 3 disinfection methods(P =0.317),the average CFU in air which disinfected by ultraviolet ray and ozone disinfector increased rapidly after the entry of personnel,the number of air colony did not meet the requirements of category Ⅲ environmental sanitation standard after staff worked for 2 hours;circulating air disinfector could continuously disinfect after the entry of personnel,the average CFU met the requirement of category Ⅲ environmental sanitation standard after staff worked for 1,2,3,and 4 hours;there were significant difference in the CFU among different disinfection methods(F =211.00,P＜0.001),there were significant difference in CFU at different sampling time(F =272.95,P＜ 0.001).Conclusion Circulating air disinfector can meet the requirements of category Ⅲ environmental sanitation standard during the working condition of staff,and is suitable for air disinfection in outpatient blood collection room.

Objective To observe the effect of CD44 antibody on the hyaluronic acid (HA)generation) were cultured in three different medium: without HA (group 1),0. 01 mg/ml HA (group 2),10 μg/ml HA and CD44 antibody (group 3). The cells in the group 2 and 3 were pre-cultured with HA and CD44 antibody, and the supernatant was collected. HA-substrate gel electrophoresis was performed for HA degradation, while ELISA-like method was performed for HA-binding protein. Results HA-substrate gel electrophoresis showed white light double-band on blue background in groups 1 and 3, thicker double-band or bright de-colored blocks in group 2. ELISA-like method showed that the absorbance (A) value of groups 1,2 and 3 were 0.310 ± 0.025, 0.093 ± 0.051, 0.025 ± 0.069 respectively. The A value of group 2 was obviously lower than that of group 1 (t=28.1, P＜0.01); the A value of group 3 was significantly higher than that of group 2 (t=26.9, P＜0.01), but was the same as group 1 (t=4.92, P＞0.05). Conclusion CD44 antibody can inhibit the interaction between Miller cells and HA, and thus reduce the HA degradation.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is well known as a causative agent of both community and nosocomial infections and is generally believed to be the cause of 10% of the nosocomial infection. Recently, with the widespread using of carbapenem, the isolation of carbapenem-resistant strains has been greatly increased, which bring great dififculties and challenges in clinical treat-ment. In this article, the progresses in the mechanisms of carbapenem, resistance inKlebsiella pneumoniae such as the acquisition of carbapenemases, hyperproduction of AmpC cephalosporinases or extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in combination with loss of the outer membrane protein, eflfux pump system, and bioiflm were reviewed.

Objective To investigate the influence and safety of ultrasound-guided transverses abdominis plane block on general analgesia in patients undergoing lower abdominal operation. Methods Three hundred patients scheduled for lower abdominal operation under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups:ropivacaine group (group A,n = 151) and normal saline group (group B,n = 149). After the operation ultrasound-guided TAP was performed and 0.375% ropivacaine 20 mL was injected in group A while the equal volume of normal saline was used instead in group B. VAS score, Ramsay sedation score, and Bruggrmann comfort scale (BCS) score were recorded at the time points of 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 hours postoperatively. The adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, urinary retention, motor and sensory disorders were also recorded. Results No significant difference in the demographic characteristics such as sex , age , height and weight , was observed between the two groups (P > 0.05). VAS score and BCS score were significantly different (P < 0.05) in group A compared with group B. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the two groups in Ramsay score and adverse reactions. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided TAP block can effectively meet the needs of patients with postoperative analgesia and enhance the comfort after the lower abdominal operation.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Ovulation ; drug effects ; Ovulation Induction

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features of cardiac involvement in polymyositis or dermatomyositis(PM/DM).MethodsAll articles published in Chinese and English were retrieved by searching the electronic resource databases.Theeligible articles that metthe predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were included and then a systemic review was performed.ResultsTotally 23 articles were enrolled in this study,including 1452 patients.The incidence of cardiac involvement was 27.1％-85％.Heart failure was the most frequent (43.8％-76.9％) symptom.Among the abnormal ECG and UCG,the incidence of conduction abnormalities,left ventricular diastolic dysfunction andhyperkinetic left ventricular contraction 25％-38.5％,27.3％-51.5％ and 11.5％-42.3％ respectively.The pathological findings revealed myocardial inflamma-tion,degenerative changes and necrosis similar to those findings in skeletal muscles.Some patients'condition were improved aftergluco-corticoid stero and immunosuppressant treatment.Thirtypatients (30.9％) died as a direct result of heart disease.ConclusionHeart abnormalities are common in patients with PM/DM,most of them are subclinical,however.The efficacy of gluco corticoid steroid and immunosup-pressant treatment are uncertain.Cardiac involvement is a common cause of death.

Objective To compare the clinical effect and side effect of intravenous patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA). Methods Two hundred and fourty postoperative patients,who were randomly divided into three groups:group PCIA,group PCEA and control, 80 cases for each group,and the recovery of bowel movement,urinary retention,nausea,vomiting,pruritis,respiratory depression,postpartum hemorrhage,lactation and recovery of uterus were observed after operation. Results Overall patients in two PCA groups were satisfied with the postoperative analgesia. The incidence of urinary retention in group PCIA were significantly lower than that in group PCEA( P 0 05). There were no remarkable differences between two PCA groups and control in the incidence of postartum hemorrhage, lactation and recovery of uterus. Conclusions Both PCIA and PCEA have excellent analgesic effect. PCIA has lower incidence of urinary retention,and has higher sedative incidence compared with PCEA.

Objective To analyze genetic relationship of Leishmania species and strains from China by RAPD technique. Methods DNAs from Leishmania strains, including L donovani(L d.) isolates from patients, dogs and sandflies of three different foci in China and international reference strains, were amplified by seven random primers. The DNA polymorphic bands detected were analyzed by clustering analysis with SPSS software. Results ① L d . isolates from hill and plain foci in China were divided into two groups. The genetic distance of L d .isolates is distant between them. ② L d .XJ771, L d .XJ901, L d .XJ801 from desert, vicinity of desert, and plain regions in Xinjiang were in the same group.It indicated that the genetic distance among L d .isolates from the three regions is close. ③ L d .isolated from VL patients and dogs in hill foci could not be discriminated distintly, showing high homology between them. ④ L d .DD8 from India,the reference strain of plain type,was clustered with L d .isolates from plain foci in China.It provided scientific basis for the viewpoint "Kala Azar from east area of China is similar to that from India". ⑤ L infantum and L d .isolates from hill foci in China were clustered into different groups. ⑥ The genetic distance is close between L d .isolates from plain foci in China and L d .Jed;⑦ L infantum and L tropica showed the closest genetic distance. Conclusion Differences at genetic level exist in Leishmania isolates from different foci in China.

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an autoimmune disease and its etiology has not yet been clarified. Dysregulated immune responses resulted from complex interactions among genetic factors,intestinal flora and environmental cues have been considered as the etiology of IBD. Recently,the relationship between Th17 cells and IBD has become a hotspot of study,and more and more studies showed that Th17 cells and their related cytokines regulated by intestinal flora contributed to the pathogenesis of IBD. This article reviewed the role of Th17 cells and intestinal flora in the pathogenesis of IBD.