Triple negative breast cancer(TNBC) is defined by the lack of estrogen receptor (ER) , progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 ( Her-2) expression. It is a subtype of tumor with distinct clinical and pathologic features and lacks effective targeted therapies. It is non - sensitive to endocrine therapy and targeted therapy drug herceptin, leaving chemotherapy as the mainstay of treatment The feature and the treatment of TNBC is the hotspot of resent research.

Glycogen storage diseases (GSD) are a group of inherited disorders characterized by enzyme defects that affect the glycogen metabolism. Hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and growth retardation are the main clinical manifestations. The enzymes affecting glycogen synthesis and degradation are varied.Consequently, the clinical manifestations are different because of different enzyme defection. Most patients treated regularly can obtain the normal growth and grow to adults, but still can be accompanied long-term complications by adulthood. Now some scientists find new modified cornstarch is superior to standard therapy in maintaining blood glucose levels. Gene therapy is still in the experimental animals.

C-termini of proteins often play an important role in various biological processes, such as the transcription and translation from DNA to protein and also participating in various biological regulations. The determination of protein C-terminus is so crucial because it provides not only distinct functional annotation, but also a way to monitor the proteolysis-modified proteins. Based on the biological mass spectrometry, a series of novel methods and technologies were developed both for qualitative and quantitative analyses of protein C-terminus. These methods or technologies can be applied to accurate and effective protein C-terminus profiling, including the sequences and quantitative information of C-termini, which reveals the biological function of C-termini in life's activities and provides a better understanding of the degradation of mature proteins. Combined with our research, this review highlights the improvements in C-terminal proteomics study in the past decades, including the methodologies for recognition and identification of C-terminus, as well as the enrichment strategies for protein C-terminus.
Mass Spectrometry ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Proteins ; chemistry ; Proteolysis ; Proteomics

Animals ; Chiroptera ; virology ; Coronavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Coronavirus Infections ; transmission ; virology ; Databases, Genetic ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Middle East ; Phylogeny ; SARS Virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; virology

This paper introduces such information of database server platform for military ″1″ hospital information system as its history, present status and progress. The IA-64 calculation platform based on open standard and Oracle 9i are also summarized. Upgrade experiment and evaluation are carried out, which all lay the foundation for the following upgrade of the server platform and can be referred to on relative functions.

Objective The purpose of the present study was to observe the muscle glucose metabolism by determining the changes in sarcolemma GLUT4 protein content and muscle AMPK activity in overtraining rats.Methods Twenty-seven SD rats were randomly divided into group A(sedentary),group B(underwent endurance exercise 60 minutes/day)and group C(underwent endurance exercise 120 minutes/day).Both exercise groups trained 6 days/wk for 9 weeks.Muscle glycogen,sarcolemma GLUT4 contents and muscle AMPK activity were determined after the 9-week training.Results Sarcolemma GLUT4 content and muscle AMPK activity increased,muscle glycogen contents tended to rise in group B as compared with that in group A.Sarcolemma GLUT4 content and muscle AMPK activity decreased,but muscle glycogen contents were equivalent in group C as compared with that in group B.Conclusion Muscle AMPK activity deceased,and the translocation of GLUT4 protein was inhibited in the overtraining rats.The results could not support a glycogen depletion hypothesis.

Recent studies have shown that pituitary hormones, including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH), and oxytocin(OT)may actually bypass their target endocrine organs and affect the skeleton directly. Therefore, a new conception, pituitary-bone axis is proposed. This breakthrough sheds a new light on the function of pituitary hormones and the pathogenesis of osteoporosis associated with hyperthyroidism, menopause or pregnancy, and even osteonecrosis after using glucocorticoids. In addition, it is conducive to give the reference guidance for clinical treatment of metabolic bone diseases and new drug development.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of naloxone preconditioning ( NP) for rats with cerebral hemorrhage. Methods Totally 30 healthy male Sprague Dawley ( SD) rats were randomly separated into Sham operatopm group,intracerebral hemorrhage ( ICH) and NP treatment groups ( n =10) . Before the establishment of rat cerebral hemorrhage model,rats in the NP group were given an intraperitoneal injection of naloxone hydrochloride ( 2. 0 mg/kg) ,and those of ICH group received an injection of normal saline at same volume. Then,the ICH model was made by injecting 0. 4 IU collagen Ⅶ into caudate nucleus while. The brain tissue samples around cerebral hemorrhagic focus after ICH were collected. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the transcriptional level and protein level of aquaporin protein 4 ( AQP4) in the brain tissue,respectively. Meanwhile,immunohistochemistry was employed to determine the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 ( MMP-9) in the rat brain tissue. Results Brain water content in ICH group was larger than that in Sham group ( P

Present basic researches on hepatic stem cells have obtained great progress. It is believed that hepatic stem cells can differentiate into hepatic cells and biliary duct cells. Hepatic stem cells are isolated and cultured by two-step collagenase digestion method, density gradient centrifugation, centrifugal elutriation, fluorescent activation screening method and immunomagnetic beads screening method. Directional differentiation of hepatic stem cells is a complicated process, which is affected by exterior and interior cell factors under liver microenvironment where are beneficial to growth, differentiation and function of stem cells. Hepatocyte growth factor can promote the proliferation of hepatic stem cells, and accelerate the differentiation into mature hepatic cells. Transcription factor of hepatic cells play a crucial effect in regulating the differentiation of hepatic stem cells. Incomplete or abnormal differentiation of hepatic stem cells can be responsible for liver cancer. Hepatic stem cells are the potential carrier cells as a target gene for liver cancer.

OBJECTIVE To investigate probationer nurses' knowledge about nosocomial infection (NI) and clean operating-room. METHODS Survey among probationer nurses was performed by self-designed questionnaires. RESULTS 47% probationer nurses thought it very necessary to strength knowledge about NI before probation. The scores of clean operating-room knowledge was lower than that nosocomial infection (NI); The cognition rate among high educated probationer nurses were higher than low educated,P