In order to study the signal pathway secreting type Ⅰ interferon in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), the protein and the mRNA expression levels of cGAS/STING pathways were analyzed by ELISA, Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR in PAMs infected with PCV2. In addition, the roles of cGAS, STING, TBK1 and NF-κB/P65 in the generation of type I interferon (IFN-I) from PAMs were analyzed by using the cGAS and STING specific siRNA, inhibitors BX795 and BAY 11-7082. The results showed that the expression levels of IFN-I increased significantly at 48 h after infection with PCV2 (P<0.05), the mRNA expression levels of cGAS increased significantly at 48 h and 72 h after infection (P<0.01), the mRNA expression levels of STING increased significantly at 72 h after infection (P<0.01), and the mRNA expression levels of TBK1 and IRF3 increased at 48 h after infection (P<0.01). The protein expression levels of STING, TBK1 and IRF3 in PAMs infected with PCV2 were increased, the content of NF-κB/p65 was decreased, and the nuclear entry of NF-κB/p65 and IRF3 was promoted. After knocking down cGAS or STING expression by siRNA, the expression level of IFN-I was significantly decreased after PCV2 infection for 48 h (P<0.01). BX795 and BAY 11-7082 inhibitors were used to inhibit the expression of IRF3 and NF-κB, the concentration of IFN-I in BX795-treated group was significantly reduced than that of the PCV2 group (P<0.01), while no significant difference was observed between the BAY 11-7028 group and the PCV2 group. The results showed that PAMs infected with PCV2 induced IFN-I secretion through the cGAS/STING/TBK1/IRF3 signaling pathway.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Circovirus ; Interferon Type I/genetics* ; Macrophages, Alveolar/virology* ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; Nucleotidyltransferases/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; Swine

ObjectiveTo predict the fluctuating intervals of intraocular pressure readings in mild and medium myopia after photorefractive keratectomy（PRK）．MethodsThe intraocular pressure（IOP）readings of 383 eyes，of which spherical equivalent were less than-6.0 diopters（D）before and over 1 a after PRK，were measured with noncontact tonometer（NCT）．The IOP data were analyzed with paired-sample t test，linear correlation and regression．Regression equation was used to predict the fluctuating intervals of IOP readings after PRK．ResultsThe IOP readings after PRK（10.38±2.08）mmHg were lower than those before PRK（15.43±2.74）mmHg．The difference of IOP readings between before and 1 a after PRK was significant （P＜0.001）．The postoperative IOP readings were related to those of preoperation （r＝0.625，P＜0.001）and the regression equation was Y＝0.474X＋3.064［X＝IOP reading before PRK（mmHg），Y＝IOP reading followed over 1 a after PRK（mmHg）］．If IOP reading before PRK was X0，the 95％ tolerant interval of IOP readings followed over 1 a after PRK was 0.5X0-0.1，0.5X0＋6.3（mmHg）．ConclusionIOP readings before PRK can be used to predict the fluctuating intervals of IOP readings in mild and medium myopia after PRK．

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of parathyroidectomy(PTX)on the progression of renal anemia and erythropoietin dose in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT)of uremia. METHODS: A total of 58 MHD patients with SHPT treated with PTX were retrospectively analyzed. The changes of serum intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH), calcium(Ca), phosphorus(P), alkaline phosphatsae(AKP), hemoglobulin(Hb), hematocrit(Hct), serum ferritin(SF), transferrin saturation(TS), c-reactive protein(CRP), albumin(Alb)and Kt/V at 3 months and6 months after PTX treatment were evaluated. The Hb level at 3 and 6 months after surgery and the doses of recombinant human erythropoietin(EPO)were recorded. RESULTS: Serum iPTH decreased dramatically(before PTX 1828.88±811.2 ng/L,three months after PTX 56.75±158.4 ng/L,six months after PTX 64.52±178.5 ng/L, P<0.05); Ca, P and AKP levels also decreased significantly after PTX(P<0.05). Hb increased after PTX(before PTX 99.92±14.26 g/L, six months after PTX123.2±13.65 g/L, P<0.05); meanwhile, the dose of EPO decreased after the operation[before PTX 235.18±62.65 U/（kg·W), three months after PTX 158.78±34.24 U/（kg·W),six months after PTX 112.53±25.37 U/（kg·W), P<0.05]. CONCLUSION: PTX can effectively control secondary hyperparathyroidism, significantly improve the renal anemia, and decrease dose of erythropoietin in MHD patients with SHPT.

Objective To explore the association between VEGF gene polymorphism and the changes in cardiac function after HiHiLo. Methods Sixty two men of Han nationality from northern China underwent HiHiLo for 30 days. Training programme was as follows:exposure in hypoxic environment (14.8% - 14.3%O_2) 10hrs per day, hypoxic training three times per week (15.4%～14.8%O_2), and training at sea level in the remaining time. The genotype was analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Results There is an association between VEGF gene polymorphism and the changes in left ventricular structure and function after 4-week HiHiLo. LVM, LVMI, SV and SI after HiHiLo increased significantly in men carrying CC genotype were better than those carrying CT genotype. Conclusion Men of Han nationality carrying CC genotype probably have a better left ventricular function in response to the HiHiLo than those carrying CT genotype. CC genotype can be used as a genetic marker for the better responsiveness of left ventricular function to the HiHiLo.

Objective To investigate the correlation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) as well as serum levels of NT-proBNP, Hcy and D-Dimer (D-D) with different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types of chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods A total of 178 CHF patients were divided into heart function normal ejection fracture group (HF?NEF, n=86) and heart function reduction (HFREF, n=92) according to their LVEF performance. Another 35 cases with nor?mal cardiac function were included in control group. All CHF patients was also divided into 3 TCM syndrome types:both de?ficiency of Qi and Yin syndrome group(n=64),Qi asthenia causing blood stasis syndrome group(n=59) andYang defi?ciency water stop group (n=55). All patients were examined with cardiac color doppler and LVEF values were recorded. And serum NT-proBNP、Hcyand D-D levels were all quantified. Results As to serum levels of NT-proBNP, Hcy and D-D, they were higher in HFREF group than those in HFNEF group than those in control group. On the other hand, LVEF was lowest in HFREF group but highest in control group. All differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Among patient in HFNEF group, LVEF in theYang deficiency water stop groupwas lower than that inboth deficiency of Qi and Yin syn?drome group(P<0.05). Serum levels of NT-proBNP, Hcy, and D-D were not significantly different between different TCM syndrome groups. By contrast, among patients in HFREF group, LVEF values did not differ significantly between different TCM syndrome groups. Serum level of NT-proBNP was lower inboth deficiency of Qi and Yin syndrome groupthan that inQi asthenia causing blood stasis syndrome group than that in Yang deficiency water stop group. As to serum levels of Hcy and D-D, they are higher inYang deficiency water stop groupthat those inboth deficiency of Qi and Yin syndrome group and Qi asthenia causing blood stasis syndrome group(P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with different TCM syn?drome types of CHF present different levels of serum NT-proBNP, Hcy, D-D level and LVEF. Changes of indicators in HFREF groups are more obvious than they did in HFNEF group.

OBJECTIVEUsing regional assignment to forked method to study lumbar intervertebral disc hemiation (bugle, hernia, prolapse) dependablity and reason of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and asymptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.

METHODSFrom March 2005 to October 2006, 120 patients of match condition from orthopaedics dept and rehabilitative dept of the Boai hospital of Longyan were studied. All patients were equally divided into two groups according to whether or not accompany with symptom of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. There was not statistical difference in sex, age, course of disease, segment of intervertebral disc between two groups. Sixty patients of symptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were equally divided into three groups according to (bugle, hernia, prolapse) image on CT. Sixty patients of asymptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were equally divided into three groups according to (bugle, hernia, prolapse) image on CT. The age was 20-59 years old with an average of 38.5 years. Using regional assignment to give a mark respectively for every group. The sagittal diameter index (SI), anterior diastema of flaval ligaments, the width of superior outlet of latero-crypt, anteroposterior diameter of dura sac were respectively measured by sliding caliper. CT value and protrusible areas were respectively evaluated by computer tomography. Adopting mean value to measure three times.

RESULTS(1) There were not statistical difference in SI, CT value, hernia areas, anteroposterior diameter of dura sac between two groups (symptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and asymptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation). There were statistical difference in the width of superior outlet of latero-crypt, anterior diastema of flaval ligaments between two groups (symptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and asymptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation). (2) There were statistical difference in protrusible type,protrusible segment between two groups (symptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and asymptomatic lumbar intervertebral disc herniation).

CONCLUSIONThere were not necessary relationship between in protrusible size, location, type, compression degree and clinical symptom. This paper may support the mechanism of lumbar intervertebral dise herniation that associated with the following the three aspects: (1) spinal reserve capacity (SRC); (2) involved nerve roots escaping from herniated disc compression and its elastic lengthening function; (3) hypoxia symptosis and anti-ischemia injury compensation of involved nerve roots.

Adult ; Female ; Hernia ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prolapse ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective: To explore a method for macrostomia repairment, in order to to achieve better physiological and aesthetic outcomes. Methods: 23 patients with macrostomia were treated by standard procedure: including orbicularis oris reconstruction, perioral expression muscles fixation, modiolus reconstruction, commissure point shift, and " w" shape incision. Results: 22 cases obtained both static and dynamic symmetrical outcomes. One case developed asymmetrically. Conclusions The macrostomia repairment following present standard procedure, is likely to achieve both static and dynamic satisfactory outcomes, due to balanced perioral muscles.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of (CAG)n polymorphism in the exonl of the androgen receptor (AR) gene and its relation to the sensitivity of hypoxic training in men of Han nationality from northern China. Methods Sixty five healthy young men of Han nationality completed HiHiLo training under simulated normobaric hypoxic environment for 4 weeks. They stayed under the condition of 14.3-14.8% O_2 (simulating 2800～3000m) during nighttime and carried out hypoxic training under the condition of 14.8-15.4% O_2 (simulating 2500～2800m) 3 times per week at the intensity of 75% individual VO_2max. VO_2max and body weight of the subjects were measured. GeneScan method was used to identify the repeat alleles (genotypes) of CAG polymorphism. Results (1) Fifteen alleles (CAG)12,(CAG)16-28,(CAG)30 repeat alleles (genotypes) were observed in the subjects, in which (CAG)22 was the most common allele; (2) When 21 and 22 alleles were used as the cut point, the baseline of body weight in those carrying shorter genotypes was significantly lower than that in those carrying longer genotypes; (3) △VO_2max and △rVO_2max in men carrying shorter genotypes were significantly higher than that in men carrying longer genotypes after hypoxic training. Conclusion The result reveals that AR (CAG)n polymorphism is associated with the sensitivity of simulated normobaric hypoxic HiHiLo training in men of Han nationality from northern China, especially in those carrying shorter genotypes of AR CAG.

Objective To investigate the level of deltamethrin resistance and mutation sites in the sodium iron channel gene in Rhipicephalus microplus in Huaihua City, Hunan Province, and to examine the correlation between deltamethrin resistance and mutation sites in the sodium iron channel gene in Rh. microplus. Methods Rh. microplus was sampled from multiple yellow cattle farms in Huaihua City, Hunan Province from June to September 2022, and the level of resistance to deltamethrin was determined in ticks using the adult immersion test. The sodium iron channel domain III gene was amplified in deltamethrin-resistant and wild-type Rh. microplus using PCR assay. Following sequencing and sequence alignment, mutation sites were detected in bases. The sodium iron channel domain III gene in Rh. microplus was translated, and the signal peptide, transmembrane domain, and phosphorylation and glycosylation sites were detected in amino acid sequences. The tertiary structures of the sodium iron channel domain III protein of deltamethrin-resistant and wild-type Rh. microplus were deduced and compared, and the association be tween mutation sites in bases and resistance to deltamethrin was examined in Rh. microplus according the level of deltamethrin resistance, sequence alignment and protein tertiary structure. Results The median (LC₅₀) and 95% lethal concentrations (LC₉₅) of deltamethrin were 121.39 mg/L and 952.61 mg/L against Rh. microplus, with a resistance factor of 9.24 and level II resistance. The sequence of the sodium ion channel domain III gene was 1 010 bp in size, and mutation sites were detected in two neighboring bases in the sequence of the sodium ion channel domain III gene in deltamethrin-resistant Rh. microplus. Although no signal peptides were found in the sodium iron channel domain III protein of deltamethrin-resistant or wild-type Rh. microplus, 6 trans-membrane domains, 42 phosphorylation sites and 8 glycosylation sites were identified, with a significant difference in the tertiary structure of the sodium iron channel domain III protein between deltamethrin-resistant and wild-type Rh. microplus. Conclusions Level II resistance to deltamethrin is detected in Rh. microplus in Huaihua City, Hunan Province, and two mutation sites that correlate with the emergence of deltamethrin resistance are identified in the sequence of the sodium iron channel domain III gene in deltamethrin-resistant Rh. microplus.

Objective: To analyze clinicopathological features of parapsoriasis. Methods: Clinical and pathological data were collected from 81 patients with parapsoriasis in Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital between January 2016 and May 2018, and analyzed retrospectively. Results: Among the 81 patients with parapsoriasis, 44 were male and 37 were female, with age ranging from 6 to 77 years. Their disease course ranged from 7 days to 30 years, and the median disease course was 12 months. Moreover, 61 (75.3%) patients were aged less than 40 years, and 20 (24.7%) were aged 41 years and older. Of the 81 patients, 16 (19.8%) were diagnosed with small plaque parapsoriasis, 20 (24.7%) with large plaque parapsoriasis, 37 (45.7%) with pityriasis lichenoides chronica, and 8 (9.9%) with pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta. Additionally, distribution patterns of lesions included diffuse type in 65 cases (80.2%) , central type in 6 cases (7.4%) , and peripheral type in 10 cases (12.3%) . Histopathological examination of skin lesions revealed liquefaction degeneration of basal cells in 69 cases (85.2%) , migration of lymphocytes into the epidermis in 67 cases (82.7%) , focal parakeratosis in 42 cases (51.9%) , keratinocyte necrosis in 29 cases (35.8%) , extravasation of erythrocytes in 23 cases (28.4%) , epidermal spongiosis in 21 cases (25.9%) , and dermal perivascular focal infiltration in 61 cases (75.3%) . Conclusion Parapsoriasis has characteristic clinical and pathological manifestations, and a close combination of clinical manifestations with pathological features is necessary for its accurate diagnosis.