Objective To study the effect of the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25-(OH)D3] and total IgE (TIgE) in pathogenesis of the children bronchial asthma.Methods Twenty-two children with bronchial asthma (bronchial asthma group) and 20 healthy children (control group) were selected.The serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 and TIgE in the children of 2 groups were detected.Results The level of serum 25-(OH)D3 in bronchial asthma group was significantly lower than that in control group [(23.64 ± 3.89)μ g/L vs.(35.82 ± 4.37) μ g/L],there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum TIgE in bronchial asthma group was significantly higher than that in control group [(208.62 ± 32.59) kU/L vs.(73.84 ± 18.86) kU/L],there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was negative correlation between the level of serum 25-(OH)D3 and TIgE in bronchial asthma group (r =-0.832,P ＜ 0.01),but there was no correlation between the level of serum 25-(OH)D3 and TIgE in control group (r =-0.038,P ＞0.05).Conclusions The lack of 25-(OH)D3 may be associated with allergy and childhood bronchial asthma.By monitor the levels of 25-(OH)D3 and TIgE may assess condition of childhood bronchial asthma.