Objective To survey the incidence of depression in Parkinson disease(PDD) and explore the related factors of PDD.Methods 127 patients with Parkinson disease were investigated,all of them were assessed by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale,self-designed register form and the Unified Parkinson disease scale(UPDRS).A stepwise multiple factor regression analysis was carried out to determine factors that best accounted for the occurrence of PDD.Results The overall incidence rate was 47.2%.The minor,moderate and major incidence was 14.2%,28.3% and 4.7% respectively.The regression analysis showed that factors accounted for the occurrence of PDD were gender,the severity of PD,stage of patient's motor impairment,education level and the use of dopamine agonists.Conclusion PDD seems to have a multifactorial etiology.Knowledge of risk factors related to the occurrence of PDD may help guide neurologists in the early prediction and treatment of this disease.

0.05).The proportion of TR degree improved in patients of two groups in a short-term.However,the difference of TR in long-term between two groups was statistically significant(P

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of distortion product in cochlea with cochlear activity and hearing. METHOD: Time variances of distortion product of basilar membrane vibration in vitro guineapig cochlea were observed by laser interferometry. RESULT: Within half hour after a cochlea was isolated from a guineapig, distortion product accompanied with two-tone inhibition in cochlea, can be observed. As time passed, distortion product and two-tone inhibition effect disappeared at the same time. After that, the membrane contiune vibrating in response to the sound stimulus, but the vibration amplitude decreased obviously and continued decreasing until it disappeared completely. CONCLUSION Distortion product in cochlea is a symbol of cochlear activity which makes the membrane respond in large amplitude vibration to sound stimulus and exhibit two-tone inhibition. The former makes the hearing highly sensitive to sound stimulus, the later makes the hearing perform information abstract well.
Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Basilar Membrane ; physiology ; Cochlea ; physiology ; Guinea Pigs ; Hearing ; physiology ; Hearing Tests ; Interferometry ; Sound

Objective To explore the association between rs3179060C/A polymorphism in the ex-on 1 of TNF-a gene and hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods One hundred thirty PCOS women and one hundred seventy five normal women as controls were enrolled in this study. The genotypes were screened by polymerase chain reaction-On/off switch and the product was isolated by e-lectrophoresis on a 2. 5% agarose gel containing ethidium bromide and visualized using an ultraviolet transil-luminator. The relationship of TNF-a alleles to serum testosterone level was analyzed in PCOS patients. Results Three genotypes were identified, corresponding to CC, CA, AA, and two alleles were screened, corresponding to C and A. The frequencies of the CC, CA, AA genotypes were 58. 4% ,23.1% ,18.5% vs. 72. 0% , 17.7% , 10. 3% in PCOS group and control group, showing statistically significant difference between two groups( P < 0.05 ). The allelic frequency was 70.0% for the C allele and 30.0% for the A in P-COS group, and 80. 9% for the C allele and 19. 1% for the A in control group, respectively, showing statistically significant between two groups ( P <0.05). The relationship was not observed between rs3179060C/ A polymorphism and serum testosterone level in PCOS patients in Han Chinese racial origin ( P >0.05). Conclusions The TNF-a gene rs3179060C/A polymorphism may be a risk factor for the pathogenesis of P-COS in Chinese women, but it was not effect on hyperandrogenism in PCOS women.

Objective To detect the difference of intensity of A ,B ,H antigen on erythrocytes between neonates and adult .Meth-ods Anti-A ,anti-B and anti-H serum were diluted in multiple proportions ,then add the sample erythrocytes into the test tube to react with the serum above .Observe the agglutination between the erythrocytes and the serum ,and score for every agglutination re-action .The total of the score in different dilution of every sample were brought into statistics analysis by SPSS software .Results The A ,B ,H antigen intensity on the surface of erythrocyte of neonates were less than that of adult (P<0 .05) .And no matter neo-nates or adult ,the A antigen intensity on the surface of type A erythrocytes were higher than that of B antigen on the surface of type B erythrocyte(P<0 .05) .The A ,B ,H antigen intensity have no significant difference between adult male and female (P>0 .05) .Conclusion There is a significant difference of A ,B ,H antigen intensity on erythrocytes between neonates and adult .It also can be concluded that the varity of the antigen has effect on intensity of A ,B ,H antigen in erythrocytes ,except sex .

Objective To investigate the carotid plaque conditions and clinical commonly used test events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to explore the risk factors affecting the stability of plaques in carotid artery.Methods According to the results of cervical vascular color Doppler ultrasound examination, 125 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into unstable plaque group (n=21), stable plaque group (n =54), and non-plaque group (n =50).Analysis related results including age, gender, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), intima-media thickness (IMT), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), uric acid (UA), fibrinogen (Fbg), D-dimer (D-D), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed.Results Age, gender, SBP, DBP, TG, HDL, D-D, and TSH were without significant differences among groups.Glucose and Fbg were significant different (P ＜ 0.05) between unstable plague group and stable plaque group/no plaque group.No significance difference was found between stable and no plaque groups.IMT, TC, LDL, and FT4 were significant different (P ＜ 0.05) between unstable and stable plaque groups, and between stable and no plaque groups.Logistic multiple regression analysis suggested that IMT and TC might be independent risk factors for the stability of plaques in carotid artery of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The factors affecting formation of plaques in carotid artery include glucose level, TC, and LDL in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The factors affecting its stability include thickness of IMT, TC, LDL, and FT4.IMT and TC were the independent risk factors for the stability of plaques in carotid artery.

Ashi points, movable cupping and traction were employed to treat 120 cases of prolapase of lumber intervertebral disk, and the total effective rate was 95.6%.

Objective To evaluate clinical application value of DWI and reservation of liver function in patients with chronic liver disease. Methods Thirty cases of healthy control group, and 60 case group with chronic liver disease,including both 30 chronic hepatitis B and 30 cirrhosis. liver function in case group was analysed by venous blood samples. Case groups were divided into three groups according to MELD score: ＜30 group in 27 cases, 30 to 36 group in 17 cases, ＞36 group in 16 cases. All cases underwent liver magnetic resonance DWI. Among the case group, 15 cases were followed-up twice of pre- and aftertreatment. DWI images were read, ADC values of liver parenchyma were measured and standardized with the cephalospinal fluid (CSF) at the same slice. Used SPSS 13.0 for windows to treat the data, group comparison of ADC values were treated by one-factor analysis of variance, interclass comparison each other by SNK method, comparison between pretherapy and post-treatment by paired-samples t test. Results Healthy liver parenchyma of the control group is homogeneous signal on DWI. ADC pseudo-color pictures showed green on the homogeneous areas. Slightly restricted area of chronic hepatitis B showed irregular scattered patchy in DWI images, 25 cases in right and left lobes, 5 cases only in right lobe of the liver. ADC pseudo-color pictures reaveled blue region in proliferation-constrained areas. Restricted areas of the liver parenchymal become more evident, also showed an irregular liver edge in 30 cases of cirrhosis. The standarized ADC average values were: the healthy group (0. 47 ±0. 02) × 10-3 mm2/s, chronic hepatitis B group (0. 37 ±0. 03) × 10-3 mm2/s, cirrhosis group (0. 36 ±0. 04) × 10-3 mm2/s( F =97.05,P ＜0. 05).The difference between healthy group and patients group was statistically significant (P ＜ 0. 05 ). No statistically significant difference between groups of chronic hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis ( P ＞ 0. 05 ).Average ADC values of MELD score among groups of ＜ 30, 30 to 36, ＞ 36 were ( 0. 38 ± 0. 02 ) ×10-3 mm2/s,(0.35 ±0.02) × 10-3 mm2/s, (0.32 ± 0.03) × 10-3 mm2/s respectively. There is a significant difference among the three groups (P ＜0. 05). After treatment, DWI of 15 patients with chronic liver disease showed reduction in restricted areas, and the average ADC value from pre-treatment (0. 33 ±0. 03) × 10-3 mm2/s increased to(0. 38 ±0. 03) × 10-3 mm2/s, MELD score from pre-treatment 36. 01 ±6. 00 reduced to 27. 83 ± 4. 86. Conclusion DWI of chronic liver disease showed patchy diffuse restricted areas; more severe of the liver cell damage was, more worse the liver function was and lower ADC values was. ADC values increased after effective treatment, liver function recoved and diffuse restricted areas of liver parenchyma reduced.

Objective To explore the diagnostic index of the obesity with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA).Methods The total and local parameters(the fat composition of the arm,leg,trunk and total body) in obesity group (135 cases) and the control group(75 cases) were measured with DEXA scan.The fat composition and distribution of body in the obesity and the healthy subject in different age and sex were analysed.The diagnostic index of obesity and healthy persons determined by DEXA.Results There was no significant difference between DEXA and the platform scale to weigh all the subjects.The fat content of the arm,leg,trunk and total body in the control group and the obesity group were respectively got.The P_5(the lowest limit of 95% confidence interval of obesity fat percentage)value of the obesity male was 23(P_5=23),while the female was 29(P_5=29)).There was no significant difference between DEXA and the BMI method in the positive result of the obesity.The total body fat content in the obesity group was higher than that of the control group in each age and sex group.The fat content of the female was higher than that of the male regardless of obesity group or control group.Conclusion The obese cut off point is 23% in male and 29% in female in the total body fat content.

0.05).Singnificant difference of p21 positive rates was showed between tumor lack of blood supplies and arterial blood (?