Paclitaxel is an antimicrotubule agent indicated as first-line therapy for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the ovary and breast cancer.Oral administration of paclitaxel is preferred as it is convenient to use in hospital and reduces costs.However,due to the low oral bioavailability of paclitaxel,most commercially available for-mulations are injections.This review presents the progress of developed paclitaxel injection and oral formulations to enhance the bioavailability of paclitaxel.

Intestinal mucosal barrier can prevent harmful substance into other tissue,organ and blood across intestinal mucous,and sIgA in feces is an important part of intestinal mucosal barrier.sIgA plays a critical role as an immunological barrier and matters to maintain intestinal homeostasis.SIgA can enhance mucosal barrier[1],protect microbial pathogen from invading and relieve intestinal infammafion symptoms.This review summarizes the research of sIgA in some diseases,to understand its function in the diseases and provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and outcomes of uteroplacental apoplexy complicating severe placental abruption in order to enhance the accuracy of early diagnosis and decrease the complication of mother and fetus.Methods A retrospective study of clinical data was conducted in 180 cases of placental abruption complicating uteroplacental apoplexy in 58 cases who delivered in the First Central Hospital of Tianjin from January 2007 to December 2011.Risk factors,clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between the 58 cases complicating uteroplacental apoplexy (experimental group) and the other 122 cases without complicating uteroplacental apoplexy (control group).Results The incidence of placental abruption was 1.3％ (180/14 333),with the rate of uteroplacental apoplexy complicating placental abruption was 0.4％ (58/14 333) of all deliveries and 32.2％ (58/180) of all abruption cases.The duration of disease was significantly longer and the rate of placenta implanted on the posterior wall of uterus was significantly higher in the experimental group (9.14 ± 8.47) h; 63.9％ (23/36)) than in control group (5.88 ±4.31) h; 43.4％ (36/83)) (t =3.426,x2 =6.461 ; P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences between the experimental group (12.1％,12.1％,13.8％ and 60.3 ％) and the control group (2.5 ％,2.5 ％,0.8％ and 11.5 ％) in postpartum hemorrhage,DIC,acute renal failure and stillbirth (x2 =6.919,6.919,13.929 and 47.388 respectively,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Long duration of disease and posterior-wall placenta are risk factors for uteroplacental apoplexy complicating placental abruption which may lead to a poor maternal-fetal prognosis.

Intertrochanteric fracture,a common kind of injury in orthopaedic surgery,often requires surgical intervention,especially the unstable ones.Since far back in 1995,Baumgaertner et al.recommended using the distance between the screw tip and femoral head apex (tip-apex distance,TAD) as a predictor of the risk of lag screw cutout,the importance of TAD has been recognized by orthopaedic surgeons.This concept has been widely accepted in practice,and even used as a standard in determining the helical blade position.It is not clear,however,whether the helical blade system is equal to lag screws in terms of TAD.After the limitations of TAD had been reported,Kuzyk et al.proposed a tip-apex distance referenced from the calcar (Cal-TAD) as a predictor of lag screw cutout to improve the concept further.In this article,these concepts and the latest clinical applications of TAD and Cal-TAD are reviewed based on the publications available.

Human swine influenza A (H1N1) is a highly transmissible infectious disease, which has spreaded globally and represented a continuous pandemic threat. The novel virus has predominantly affected the children and young adults. Clinical manifestations generally appear mild, but there are still many patients with severe complications leading to hospitalization. According to the current reports, the mortality in the early stages of the pandemic appears no more than seasonal influenza A . Children (especially less than 5years) are considered to be at higher risk of infection and complications. Pediatric patients with a underlying significant chronic disease such as chronic respiratory disease,cardiovascular disease and immunodeficiency disease, are at a higher risk of death. The neuraminidase inhibitors Oseltamivir and Zanamivir are effective for prophylaxis and treatment. Effective vaccines are regarded to be crucial for the control of influenza pandemics. This review focuses on the epidemiological situation, clinical characteristics and management of human swine influenza A (H1N1), so as to provide practical advice for clinicians.

Objective:To analyze the clinical effect and the preventive analysis of complications on the application of self-prescription soup for eliminating haemorrhoids after patients with moderate or severe hemorrhoids accepted surgery.Methods: 44 patients with moderate and severe hemorrhoids who once accepted operative treatment were divided into observation group and control group as random number table. The patients of control group received the treatment of hip bath by using potassium permanganate tablets, while the patients of observation group received the treatment of hip bath with fuming and washing by using self-prescription soup for eliminating haemorrhoids. The clinically curative effect, postoperative complication, pain, bleeding, edema, disappearance time of anal pendant expansion and healing time of wound between the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results: The total effective rate (100%) of the observation group was significantly better than that (77.27%)of the control group (x2=5.641,P<0.05). The cases of complication including pain, bleeding, constipation, infection, urinary retention and anal stenosis of observation group were significantly less than that of control group (t=7.333,t=15.655,t=5.500, t=4.247,t=8.193,t=5.500,P<0.05). Besides, the times of pain, bleeding, edema, disappearance of anal pendant expansion and wound healing of observation group were significantly, respectively, less than that of control group (t=3.171, t=5.864,t=4.263,t=6.219, t=10.803,P<0.05).Conclusion: The curative effect of self-prescription soup for eliminating haemorrhoids after patient with moderate or severe hemorrhoids accept surgery is significant, and it can effectively prevent and treat various complication.

Objective To reveal the hepatitis A vaccine (HepA) coverage among pre-school children in Shandong province before Hepatitis A vaccine was introduced to the EPI and to provide evidence for improving the strategy for hepatitis A control.Methods A cross-section survey was conducted among children aged between 2 and 6 years old in Shandong province in March 2008.The study population was selected by random sampling method and HepA immunization history was obtained by immunization record or recall.Results 78.90% had received one dose of HepA at least.The coverage rate decreased with age and the differences in three age groups were statistically significant (x 2 =11.54,P=0.02).The coverage rates among the boys and girls were 77.67% and 80.30% respectively,the difference was not significantly(x 2 =1.17,P=0.28).The HepA coverage rates among the children living in the eastern areas and in the richer areas were higher than the centrale and western areas and poverty areas,the difference has statistic significance (x 2 =27.25,58.17,P

Objective To improve and evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoeal fibrosis. Methods From February 1975 to December 2001, 36 cases (male: 20, female: 16) of retroperitoneal fibrosis were treated, 12 of whom were primary fibrosis and 10 were secondary to malignant tumors and the others were secondary to radiotherapy of malignant tumors. Surgical intervention was undertaken in 28 patients with preoperative and postoperative administration of corticosteroids. Results The patients were followed up for 6 to 42 months with improved or normal renal function. Most of them had very good results. Death secondary to malignancy was found in 4 cases. Conclusion To relieve the obstruction due to hydronephrosis by surgical intervention is very effective in treatment of retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of Huangqi Danshen Drop Pill (HDP) for angina pectoris (AP) due to coronary heart disease (CHD) classified as qi- deficiency and blood- stasis syndrome. Methods A multi- center, randomized, double- blind, double- simulation, positive- controlled, parallel group trial was adopted. 209 cases of AP due to CHD classified as qi- deficiency and blood- stasis syndrome were enrolled in this study: 104 in HDP group and 105 in Yangxinshi Tablets group. Results The markedly effective rate was 43.27 % , total effective rate 86.53 % , and total effective rate in improving TCM symptoms 92.31 % in HDP group, which were better than those in Yangxinshi Tablets group(P

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of reparation and restitution of head tissue deletion with autologous fascia lata and local flap. METHOD: The clinical data of 8 cases with scalp squamous celled carcinoma from 2003 to 2010 were summarized retrospectively. All patients carcinoma were removed almost, cerebral dura mater deletion and skin deletion from 5 cm to 15 cm, repaired cerebral dura mater with autologou fascia lata; and restitution scalp with local flap, the area of local flap were planted with free skin graft. RESULT: The outcomes of the treatment with fascia lata were very well, and the local flap of all cases were survival the free skin graft were survival from 85% to 100%. There was no leakage of cerebrospinal fluid or intracranial infection during follow-up. CONCLUSION The method of repairation and reconstruction of head tissue deletion with fascia lata and local flap is effective, the out comes are satisfying.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Dura Mater ; surgery ; Fascia Lata ; transplantation ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Scalp ; surgery ; Skin Neoplasms ; surgery ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; transplantation ; Treatment Outcome