OBJECTIVE:To determine the concentration of cefdinir in rat plasma,and investigate its pharmacokinetics. METH-ODS:High performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) was adopted by using fused-silica capillary (75 μm,total length of 30 cm,effective length of 21.5 cm),buffer solution of 20 mmol/L citric acid,injection voltage of 10 kV for 10 s,separation voltage of -20 kV,and detection wavelength of 214 nm. 6 rats were intragastrically received cefdinir solution(20 mg/kg). 0.2 mL blood sample was taken from the tail vein before and 0.25,0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4,6,12,24 h after administration. BAPP 2.0 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetics parameters. RESULTS:The linear range of cedinir ranged 0.2-50 μg/mL(r=0.9997), lower limit of quantification was 0.2 μg/mL. The intra-day(n=6)and inter-day RSDs of(n=3)precision test were no more than 12.2%;RSD of stability test was no more than 9.10%(n=6);method recovery rate was 95.4%-114.3%(RSD=9.0%,n=6);matrix effect was 63.5%-70.2%(RSD=10.39%,n=6). The t1/2 of cefdinir in rats in vivo was(0.54±0.01)h,MRT was(1.90± 0.14)h,cmax was(32.92±0.81)μg/mL,tmax was(1.50±0.02)h,AUC0-24 h was(46.65±0.44)μg·h/mL and AUC0-∞was(46.83± 0.44)μg·h/mL. CONCLUSIONS:The method is rapid,accurate and simple,and can be used for the determination of cefdinir con-centration in rat plasma and its pharmacokinetics research.

Objective To express outer membrane protein 2(Omp2) of Chlamydia trachomatis, purify expressed products and study its immunity.Methods The target gene encoding Omp2 167—434 amino acid residues was amplified by PCR from C. trachomatis template DNA. The targeted DNA fragment was cloned into expression vector pET28b(+) and introduced into competent E. coli BL21(DE3) cell. Recombinant Omp2aa_ 167 ～aa_ 434 was expressed after induction by IPTG and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot, purified with Ni-NTA-His affinity chromatography. The rOmp2aa_ 167 ～aa_ 434 was used to immune rabbits for immunogenicity assessment.Results Restriction enzymes cleavage analysis and DNA sequencing confirmed that the plasmid pET28b(+)/Omp2aa_ 167 ～aa_ 434 was correctly constructed. The 35.0?103 molecular weight pure protein, which specifically reacted with serum from C. trachomatis infected patient by Western blot, was obtained by optimizing the conditions for both expression and purification. The titer of serum antibodies was above 1∶1 280 as detected by ELISA.Conclusion The expressed product showed good immunity.

In recent years,the course of pathogenic biology of Nanhua University has made great achievements because the discipline characteristics has been stressed.Therefore,the reputation of Nanhua University is improved with the elevation of this discipline.The development patterns of Nanhua University provide some experience for the building and development of general university.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of liquid based cytology in the diagnosis of early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:From October 2018 to October 2019, 120 patients with early NSCLC who were confirmed diagnossis by histopathology were selected from Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou and Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province.All patients underwent fiberbronchoscopy.All the specimens were performed liquid-based cell wax block and HE staining.Two or more experienced histopathological doctors read the histological samples and then gave pathological reports.The cytological samples were first screened by the primary cytological diagnosis doctors, and then read by the deputy director or chief physician.The cytological pathological reports were given in combination with the clinical practice.Results:HE staining in liquid-based cytology showed that squamous cell carcinoma had many different sizes and shapes, single scattered, polygonal and round, even distribution of chromatin, and no obvious nucleolus.HE staining of adenocarcinoma in liquid-based cytology often gathered solid mass, rich cytoplasm, regular cell size, round nucleus, fine chromatin, and obvious nucleolus.HE staining of small cell cancer in liquid-based cytology mostly scattered, the cytoplasm was rare as naked nucleus, the nucleus was deeply stained, some were angular or short shuttle shaped.The sensitivity and specificity of liquid based cytology in the diagnosis of NSCLC were higher than those of traditional smear (χ 2=4.874, 4.512, all P<0.05). The positive rates of squamous cell carcinoma (72.88%) and adenocarcinoma (85.29%) in liquid based cytology were significantly higher than those in traditional cytology (54.24% and 61.76%) (χ 2=4.427, 6.031, all P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in positive rate of small cell cancer between the two groups (χ 2=1.333, P>0.05). The positive rate of stage Ⅰa in liquid based cytology (86.48%) was higher than that in traditional cytology (64.86%), there was statistically significant difference (χ 2=4.698, P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates of stage Ⅰb and stage Ⅱa between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Liquid based cytology is of great value in the diagnosis of early NSCLC, which can increase the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis.

Objective? To explore the effects of audio-visual comprehensive training on cognitive impairment among breast cancer patients with chemotherapy. Methods? From July 2017 to October 2018, we selected 80 inpatients with chemotherapy in breast surgery as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the patients were divided into control group (n=40) and experimental group (n=40) with the lot-drawing method. Patients of two groups were all treated with the routine treatment and nursing of breast surgery, while experimental group also received audio-visual comprehensive training. The intervention effects were assessed with the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test Second Edition (RBMT-Ⅱ). Results? After intervention, the scores of names, belongings, data, faces, delayed story, orientation, delayed route, messages and the total score of experimental group were higher than those before intervention; the score of immediate route was lower than that before intervention;the differences were all statistically significant (P＜ 0.05). After intervention, the total score and sub-test scores of RBMT-Ⅱof control group were lower than those before intervention with statistical differences (P＜ 0.05). After intervention, the scores of RBMT-Ⅱ of experimental group were higher than those of control group except for orientation and data with statistical differences (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions? Audio-visual comprehensive training can effectively improve cognitive impairment among breast cancer patients with chemotherapy which is simple and feasible, and can be promoted and applied.

Objective To improve the study on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) basicknowledge, and the ability of COPD research and design, organization, implementation andmanagement. Methods Clinical research led stu-dents to participate in the COPD, found the problem from clinical,research students went to COPD, literature, grouping the recent 15 years , the discussion of the COPD design experimental study , lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) rat model of COPDinduced with smoke, explore the love Luo Ning on the treatment of cough with dyspneaeffect COPD and its mech-anism, integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicineknowledge module to the pathogenesis of COPD, as the core of the problem of the cause. Results 5 graduate students completed COPD in the etiology, pathogenesis andmech-anism of Kechuanning love Luo, master and technology related research methods. Conclusion PBL teaching method helps to promote the quality of postgraduate education,PBL teaching was worth to promoted.

Objective To compare the biomechanical stabilities among different combinations of anterior and medial cortical supports after intramedullary nailing for unstable intertrochanteric fractures.Methods Twenty-seven synthesized femur specimens were used to create models of unstable intertrochanteric fracture of type 31A2.1 according to AO/ASIF classification.They were divided into 9 groups (n =3) according to 9 combinations of anterior and medial cortical supports on the anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films:positive-positive,positive-neutral,positive-negative,neutral-positive,neutral-neutral,neutral-negative,negative-positive,negative-neutral,negative-negative groups.After all the fractures were fixated with the newly adapted femoral intertrochanteric nails (FITN),static loadings were applied for tests of fatigue and destruction to investigate the relative displacements and yield loads of the head-neck fragments.Results For the positive-positive,positive-neutral,positive-negative,neutral-positive,neutral-neutral,neutral-negative,negative-positive,negative-neutral,negative-negative groups,the vertical displacements of the head-neck fragments under fatigue loading were respectively 5.33 ±0.58 mm,7.83 ±0.29mm,7.73 ±0.15 mm,8.17 ± 0.29 mm,8.33±1.15 mm,8.83±0.29 mm,9.33±0.58 mm,9.67±1.15 mm and 12.0±1.0 mm,showing significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).The smallest displacement was observed in the positive-positive group,significantly smaller than that in any other groups (P ＜ 0.05).For the above 9 groups,the yield loads were respectively 4,967 ± 153 N,4,467 ± 58 N,3,717 ± 76 N,2,767 ± 58 N,2,533 ± 58 N,2,267 ± 58 N,1,833 ± 58 N,1,667 ± 58 N and 1,333 ± 58 N,showing significant differences between any 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).In the destruction test,bone interface loosening in the femoral head happened in 2 cases,bone interface loosening in the intertrochanteric zone in 15 cases,split fracture at the zone of distal locking nail in 2 cases,and loosening and breakage of the internal fixator in the distal femur in 8 cases.Conclusions The medial cortical support plays a major role and the anterior cortical support plays a secondary role in the stability of unstable intertrochanteric fracture.In the surgical procedure,surgeons should avoid the medial cortical negative support as much as possible.

Objective:To identify the classification characteristics and quality of life (QOL) of breast cancer (BC) patients during chemotherapy, so as to provide basis for improving the sleep and QOL of this group.Methods:A cross-sectional investigation was completed among 421 BC patients in 5 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai, Wuhan, Tangshan and Nanning in 1-12 months of 2016 using validated instruments including self-made general information questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B).Results:Four latent class of patients were identified through latent profile analysis (LPA), named by badly worse sleep quality(SQ) (C1, n=23), medium-SQ with difficulty to fall asleep (C2, n=127), medium-SQ with worse sleeping process (C3, n=30), none sleep disorders (C4, n=241). Total points of SQ among C1-C4 had significant difference ( χ2 value was 309.28, P<0.05). Age, BMI, job status, whether had surgery and course of chemotherapy between classes had statistically significant differences ( χ2 values were 9.57-25.28, all P<0.05). It had significant difference between C2 and C3, C2 and C4, C3 and C1, C3 and C4 on QOL ( χ2 values were 5.96-52.73, all P<0.05). Conclusion:SQ of BC patients during chemotherapy has heterogeneity among population. Different features of SQ of BC patients have different performance on QOL. Health professionals should keep an eye on patients with features of older age, high BMI, in job status, already received surgery and during early-stage chemotherapy, provide personal nursing intervention to improve SQ and QOL.

ABSTRACT:Objective To summarize nursing experience of 45 complex renal calculi patients treated with invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy of Cyberwand dual catheters.Methods Oxy-gen-inhaling and electrocardiograph monitoring were given to 45 patients and changes of disease were observed.The indwelling catheters were closely observed and were maintained unobstructed, and the color and property were observed.The related complications such as secondary hemorrhage and urinary irritation were controlled.Results All patients were successfully discharged after re-covery,among whom there was 1 case with postoperative septic shock,3 cases with secondary bleeding,and 3 cases with secondary nephrolithotomy,and all the patients were recovered they were followed after corresponding measures.After 6 ~24 months after operation,42 patients re-turned to normal and 3 cases maintained the former status without residue and relapse of stone. Conclusion Invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy of Cyberwand dual catheters is safety and effec-tive,and postoperative nursing plays very important role in recovery of patients.

ABSTRACT:Objective To summarize nursing experience of 45 complex renal calculi patients treated with invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy of Cyberwand dual catheters.Methods Oxy-gen-inhaling and electrocardiograph monitoring were given to 45 patients and changes of disease were observed.The indwelling catheters were closely observed and were maintained unobstructed, and the color and property were observed.The related complications such as secondary hemorrhage and urinary irritation were controlled.Results All patients were successfully discharged after re-covery,among whom there was 1 case with postoperative septic shock,3 cases with secondary bleeding,and 3 cases with secondary nephrolithotomy,and all the patients were recovered they were followed after corresponding measures.After 6 ~24 months after operation,42 patients re-turned to normal and 3 cases maintained the former status without residue and relapse of stone. Conclusion Invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy of Cyberwand dual catheters is safety and effec-tive,and postoperative nursing plays very important role in recovery of patients.