Objective To improve and evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoeal fibrosis. Methods From February 1975 to December 2001, 36 cases (male: 20, female: 16) of retroperitoneal fibrosis were treated, 12 of whom were primary fibrosis and 10 were secondary to malignant tumors and the others were secondary to radiotherapy of malignant tumors. Surgical intervention was undertaken in 28 patients with preoperative and postoperative administration of corticosteroids. Results The patients were followed up for 6 to 42 months with improved or normal renal function. Most of them had very good results. Death secondary to malignancy was found in 4 cases. Conclusion To relieve the obstruction due to hydronephrosis by surgical intervention is very effective in treatment of retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Objective:To explore the diagnosis and treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) post-kidney transplantation in children.Methods:Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 6 FSGS children after transplantation from 2015 to 2019. Massive proteinuria (3.2-13 g/24 h) occurred at 4 days-49 days post-transplantation. For proteinuria, glucocorticoid plus therapeutic plasma exchange and/or rituximab were provided with supplemental ACEI/ARB drugs. Five cases received tacrolimus as maintenance therapy while another case had cyclosporin A as an initial intensive therapy and switched to tacrolimus.Results:Four cases achieved complete remission after therapy. One recipient showed partial remission. During a follow up period of 11 months to 4 years, serum creatinine remained normal and stable in five cases while one died from severe pulmonary infection.Conclusions:Once FSGS occurs post-transplantation, prompt treatment of pulse glucocorticoid plus therapeutic plasma exchange and/or rituximab with supplemental ACEI/ARB drugs may yield favorable outcomes.