Objective: To investigate the application of microemulsion TLC in separation and identification of various effective compositions in traditional Chinese patent medicines. Methods: The various compositions in Kangganmao Granules and Fangfeng Tongsheng Pills were separated and identified simultaneously on polyamide film with six kinds of SDS/n C 4H 9OH/n C 7H 16 /H 2O microemulsions as the mobile phases. Affections of kinds and acidity on separationg results of microemulsions were investigated. Results: The baicalin, chlorogenic acid, Saposhnikovia and glycyrrhiza in Kangganmao Gronules and the emodin, chrysophanol, baicalin, Saposhnikovia and Glycyrrhizae in Fangfeng Tongsheng Pills may be separated and identified simultaneously with microemulsion (containing 75% water) formic acid (9∶1) as mobile phase. Conclusion: Microemulsion TLC is an efficient, simple new method for the separation and identification of various compositions in traditional Chinese patent medicines.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the quality differences of Betamethasone tablet from different enterprises,and provide reference for the eventual establishment of the drug relative quality evaluation system. METHODS:According to the principle and steps of the ideal point method,a mathematical model was established. And the perfect point of the 3 inspection parameters (content,content uniformity and dissolution)of Betamethasone tablet was regarded as the upper limit theoretically,and the permis-sible point as the prescribed minimum in the model. After homogenizing the initial data or ones to be quantifiable were translated in-to evaluation parameters;and the evaluation parameters were calculated by ideal point method to receive comprehensive evaluation results. RESULTS:According to variance analysis,there was no significant difference in the comprehensive evaluation results of Betamethasone tablet from different enterprises(P=0.54>0.05),indicating that the overall quality of Betamehasone tablet was good. CONCLUSIONS:The mathematical model of quality evaluation with different drug has certain feasibility and operability.

To observe different expression patterns of β-catenin and its clinical significance in colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods A total of 181 cases of CRC tissues and 30 cases of normal colorectal tissue were investigated by immunohistochemistry for the expression of β-catenin.Results The expression rate of β-catenin was 56.9％ (103/181) in CRC,and higher than that in normal colorectal tissue (P ＜ 0.05).The overexpression of nuclear β-catenin was significantly correlated with histological differentiation,lymph node metastasis and Dukes' stage in CRC (P ＜ 0.05),and no relationship with other pathological parameters,such as age,gender and the depth of infiltration.The incomplete membranous expression of β-catenin was significantly correlated with histological differentiation,the depth of infiltration,lymph node metastasis and Dukes' stage in CRC (P ＜ 0.05).The high expression of nuclear β-catenin related to histological differentiation and Dukes' stage in CRC (P ＜ 0.05).In the follow-up data of 82 cases of CRC,the expression of nuclear β-catenin was associated with poor prognosis,and the 5-year survival rate was significantly lower than that of self-control groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion β-catenin plays important roles in colorectal carcinogenesis.Abnormal expression of β-catenin was related to the aggressive progression of CRC and may be helpful for evaluating the prognosis of patients with CRC.β-catenin is expected to become a new target for diagnosis and treatment of CRC in future.

Objective To clone and express HCMV UL123 gene exon 2,3(ie1-exon2,3) in bacterial two-hybrid bait plasmid,and identify its self-activation property.Methods HCMV ie1-exon2,3 carried on pTWIN1/ie1 recombinant was amplified by PCR and cloned into the pBT plasmid,which was transformed into E.coli XL1-Blue MRF' Kan host strain.The positive recombinant was identified by PCR,restriction enzyme digestions and sequencing analysis.The verified plasmid was transformed into bacterial two-hybrid system reporter strain.The soluble fusion protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The self activation effect of the recombinant was then tested.Results Bacterial two-hybrid pBT/ie1-exon2,3 bait plasmid was successfully constructed.The corresponding soluble fusion protein rIE1-N_(85)/?C1 was expressed in bacterial two-hybrid system reporter strain,and didn't show self-activation property.Conclusion Bacterial two-hybrid pBT/ie1-exon2,3 bait plasmid without self-activation property was successfully constructed,and it can be used to screen the library of fetal brains.

Objective To investigate the value of clinical characteristics in diagnosis of vocal fold paralysis (VFP) and arytenoid dislocation .Methods Eighty - eight patients of VFP and 27 patients of arytenoid dislocation were studied , by comparing the causes , laryngeal morphologic characteristics and laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) .Results The causes of 88 VFP patients included surgery (45 cases) ,neck trauma(2 cases) ,idiopathic causes(16 cases) ,infection(16 cases) ,and tumor invasion - related(9 cases) .Of the 27 arytenoid dislocation pa‐tients ,24 had a history of endotracheal intubation and the others had a history of gastric tube insertion .The vocal folds were mostly fixed at the paramedian position ,followed by the abducent position and the median position .No significant differences were found in laryngeal morphologic characteristics between the two groups ,including vocal fold shape , glottis vertical symmetry , mucosal waves , supraglottic compensation , glottis closure and arytenoid movement .The LEMG of VFP patients appeared as denervation patterns ,reinnervation potentials ,or electrical si‐lence ;the recruitment patterns appeared as mix or simple patterns ;the evoked potentials were absent .Of the VFP patients ,54 cases(61 .36% % )were found synkinesis of involved posterior cricoarytenoid and two of them also in ‐volved thyroatenoid .The patients with synkinesis had lower percentage of vocal fold bowing and higher percentage of glottic vertical asymmetry compared to the ones without synkinesis .Of the VFP patients whose cause was surgery or neck trauma ,the median - position fixed vocal folds were mostly observed in the patients with duration of less than 1 month or with synkinesis .Of the 27 arytenoid dislocation patients ,20(74 .07% )showed normal LEMG pat‐terns and 7(25 .93% )showed apparent LEMG abnormality on the affected side .Conclusion The causes of vocal fold paralysis and arytenoid dislocation are different .Laryngeal morphologic characteristics have limitations in distinguis‐hing vocal fold paralysis from arytenoid dislocation .The shape and position of involved vocal folds of the VFP pa‐tients are correlated with duration ,nerve regeneration and synkinesis .

Objective To analyze the application effect of nursing intervention under the guidance of pain care quality in pain management of patients undergone orthopedic surgery, and to provide reference for the standardized management of pain in patients undergone orthopedic surgery. Methods A total of 124 cases of patients who were to undergo orthopedic surgery and admitted to hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were selected as the research objects,and divided into the observation group and the control group using the random number table method,with 62 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were performed routine pain nursing intervention after orthopedic surgery, including pain propaganda and education, pain prevention and pain symptomatic treatment. Patients in the observation group were performed nursing intervention under the guidance of pain nursing quality indexes.The pain related indicators, pain nursing quality related indexes and pain related complications of patients in the two groups were compared. Results The scores of visual analogue scale(VAS)0 d,1 d and 3 d after the operation in the observation group were respectively 2.82 ± 0.42, 2.45 ± 0.40 and 1.85 ± 0.32, the corresponding scores in the control group were respectively 4.14±0.56,3.25±0.52 and 2.21±0.36,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=14.848, 9.601, 5.885, P<0.05 or 0.01). The sleep hours 0d,1d and 3d after the operation in the observation group were respectively(5.16±0.71)h, (6.01 ± 0.82)h and (6.84 ± 1.02) h, the corresponding sleep hours in the control group were respectively (4.12±0.62)h,(4.65±0.72)h and(6.01±0.75)h,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=8.689, 9.613, 5.162, P<0.05 or 0.01). The unplanned anesthetic medication times in the observation group and the control group were respectively(2.32±0.45)times and(3.45±0.56)times,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=12.385, P<0.01). The observation timeliness rate,nursing record pass percent,pain intervention effective rate and management satisfaction degree in the observation group were respectively 98.39%(61/62), 96.77%(60/62), 96.77%(60/62) and 96.77%(60/62),the corresponding values in the control group were respectively 88.71%(55/62),87.10% (54/62), 85.48%(53/62)and 87.10%(54/62). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=4.810, 3.916, 4.888, 3.916, all P<0.05). The incidence rates of delayed incision healing, insomnia and constipation in the observation group were respectively 0,9.68%(6/62)and 1.61%(1/62), the corresponding incidence rates in the control group were respectively 6.45%(4/62), 24.19%(15/62) and 11.29%(7/62), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2=4.133, 4.644, 4.810, all P<0.05). Conclusions Nursing intervention under the guidance of pain care quality can help alleviate the pain degree of patients undergone orthopedic surgery, improve the sleep quality, reduce postoperative complications and enhance the management level of pain nursing.

Objective:To analyze the changing trend of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) incidence among residents with different characteristics during 9 years of comprehensive hypertension prevention and control (hypertension prevention and control) in Tengzhou from 2013 to 2021.Methods:From January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2021, the new ICH cases collected by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Tengzhou City were analyzed to calculate the incidence of ICH, and the trend of its distribution was analyzed among residents with different ages, sexes, and between urban and rural areas. The registered population information came from Tengzhou Public Security Bureau. Age and sex standardized incidence was calculated based on the 7th National Population Census in 2020. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the time and age trends of the incidence.Results:The overall ICH crude and standardized incidence in Tengzhou City decreased from 97.30/100 000 to 52.13/100 000 ( Z=-9.93, P<0.001) and 119.30/100 000 to 50.69/100 000 ( Z=-15.40, P<0.001) from 2013 to 2021, and both elevated to form a single peak in 2020, with 22.58% ( χ 2=24.02, P<0.001) and 18.09% ( χ 2=17.08, P<0.001) higher than in 2019, respectively. The trends in male and female incidence over the same period were similar to the overall trends, and the incidence was higher in males than in females in all years. The incidence of ICH increased with age in all years. The difference of increase in male incidence rate in 2020 was statistically significant in three age groups ≥45 years compared with 2019 (36.29%, 23.57% and 16.18%, respectively, χ 2=6.73, 4.65, 4.00, P<0.001). The incidence of ICH decreased by 70.07% and 36.23% ( Z=18.44, 5.22, P<0.001) in urban and rural areas respectively from 2013 to 2021, whereas increased by 34.15% ( χ 2=10.88, P<0.01) and 22.08% ( χ 2=18.63, P<0.001) in 2020 compared with 2019 separately. Conclusions:The incidence of ICH in Tengzhou from 2013 to 2021 showed a significant downward trend, with the decrease in the incidence of ICH in women exceeding that in men. The decrease in the incidence of ICH in urban areas exceeded that in rural areas, and male morbidity seemingly had a younger trend.

Objective: To investigate the value of stroboscopy and narrow band imaging (NBI)endoscopy in the diagnosis of vocal cord leukoplakia. Methods: Two hundred and forty-six patients with vocal cord leukoplakia who underwent laryngeal microsurgery and diagnosed by histopathology were recruited between August 2014 and July 2016 in this retrospective study. The diagnostic accuracy of stroboscopy and narrow band imaging endoscopy in the diagnosis of vocal cord leukoplakia was compared. SPSS21.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: A significantly positive correlation was found between the decrease grade of mucosal wave and the histopathological diagnosis(Spearman r=0.526, P<0.01). A significantly positive correlation was found between the lesion classified by detailed morphologic findings of epithelial microvessel and the histopathological diagnosis(Spearman r=0.480, P<0.01). The sensitivity of stroboscopy for detecting severe dysplasia, carcinoma and invasive carcinoma was 92.73%, higher than NBI endoscopy. The specificity of NBI endoscopy was 90.55%, higher than stroboscopy. The results of logistic regression analysis showed: the positive pathological type risk in the group with mucosal waves severely reduced and absent was 3.906 and 19.737 times higher than the group with mucosal waves slightly reduced. In the group with mucosal waves severely reduced and absent, significant difference was observed when combined use of NBI endoscopy(P<0.001, P=0.047). Conclusions In the diagnosis of vocal cord leukoplakia, stroboscopy is useful for detecting severe dysplasia, carcinoma and invasive carcinoma with high sensitivity. In the group with mucosal waves severely reduced and absent, combined use of NBI endoscopy was able to improve the diagnostic accuracy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics of vocal fold leukoplakia and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LRP).

METHODSOne hundred and thirty-eight patients with vocal leukoplakia who received laryngeal microsurgeries under suspension laryngoscope were recruited in this study. Reflux symptom index (RSI) and reflux finding score (RFS) were measured. The clinical features, pathological characteristics were collected.

RESULTSThere were 129 males and 9 females with a mean age of (53.4 ± 11.5) years. The mean age of patients with severe dysplasia/carcinoma and invasive carcinoma was significantly older than that of inflammation/hyperplasia (F = 6.773, P < 0.05) . In 138 patients, 85 patients (61.6%) were pathologically diagnosed as chronic inflammation or squamous epithelium hyperplasia, 18 patients (13.0%) as mild dysplasia, 10 patients (7.2%) as moderate dysplasia, 15 patients (10.9%) as severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ and 10 patients (7.2%) as invasive carcinoma. One hundred and twenty-nine patients (93.5%) complained of hoarseness with clinical courses between 7 days and 20 years. 68.5% vocal folds with inflammation/hyperplasia showed nearly normal mucosal waves, and 72.7% to 80.0% vocal folds with moderate or more severe dysplasia showed severe reduced mucosal waves. A correlation existed between the severity of pathological type and the decreased extent of mucosal waves (rank correlation coefficient was 0.427, P < 0.001). The prevalence of LPR diagnosed with RSI > 13 or RFS > 7 was 54.3 %, while the positive rate of RSI was 21.7% and that of RFS was 43.5%. There was no significant differences of the positive rates of RSI and RFS among different pathological types (χ² values 3.537 and 7.619 respectively with both P > 0.05). According to RSI evaluation, the most common reflux symptoms were hoarseness (94.9%), throat clearing (68.8%) and globus sensation (62.3%). The most common RFS findings were posterior commissure hypertrophy (79.7%), thick endolaryngeal mucus (77.5%) and vocal fold edema (70.3%).

CONCLUSIONSThe vocal fold leukoplakia consisted of various pathological types including benign, dysplasia and malignancy. There was a correlation between pathological types and the extent of mucosal waves. About half of the patients with vocal fold leukoplakia existed LPR using RFS and RSI evaluation, but no significant difference of LPR positive rates were observed among different pathological types.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ; complications ; Leukoplakia ; complications ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Severity of Illness Index ; Vocal Cords ; pathology

Objective: To investigate the expression of marker proteins in vocal cord leukoplakia, and to find markers for the early stage of diagnosis and prognosis of precancerous lesions. Methods: The study included 119 cases, 68 cases of vocal cord leukoplakia (22 cases with epithelial simple hyperplasia, 46 cases with epithelial dysplasia), and 51 cases of vocal cords benign lesions(31 cases of vocal cord polyps, 20 cases of Reinke′s edema). The expression of p53, Ki-67, p21, Survivin, p16, p27, PTEN, c-Myc and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vocal cords leukoplakia were detected, vocal cord benign lesions (vocal cord polyps and Reinke′s edema) acted as controls, comparing the expression differences of different pathological tissue. Data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software. Results: The expression of p53, p16, Ki-67, VEGF in vocal cord benign lesions and vocal cords leukoplakia with epithelial simple hyperplasia did not show significant differences. There was a grading increase in the positive expression of p53, Ki-67 in the vocal cord leukoplakia with epithelial dysplasia contrasting to those in vocal cord benign lesions and vocal cords leukoplakia with epithelial simple hyperplasia (p53: χ²=13.340, P=0.002, Ki-67: χ²=53.386, P=0.000). The expression of p27, PTEN, c-Myc in vocal cord benign lesions and vocal cords leukoplakia with epithelial dysplasia did not show significant differences. There was a grading increase in the positive expression of p21 Survivin in vocal cords leukoplakia with epithelial dysplasia contrasting to those in vocal cord benign lesions (P<0.05). Expression of Survivin in vocal cords leukoplakia with mild-moderate epithelial dysplasia showed a significant increase than those in vocal cord benign lesions (P<0.05). The positive expression grade of p21 showed a rising trend (P=0.073) between the different grades of dysplasia. Conclusion The positive expression grade of p53, Ki-67, p21 Survivin showed an increase in vocal cords leukoplakia with epithelial dysplasia contrasting to those in vocal cord benign lesions, which might be an implication for evaluating the diagnosis and prognosis of precancerous lesions. Expression of p21 was correlated to the degrees of dysplasia and expression of Survivin showed a significant difference in early stage of epithelial dysplasia contrasting to benign lesions.