Objective To understand the the current situation of the slogans in the schistosomiasis health education from the linguistic aspect.Methods Sixty-two slogans in the schistosomiasis health education were collected,then the rationality and validity of them were analyzed from two aspects :the language form and the semantic content.Results Most of the slogans had the appropriate language form and the rational semantic content,they could propagandize the policy and educate the people very well,but there were still some slogans had the inappropriate language form or have the irrational semantic content and so on.Conclusion In order to make the slogans in the schistosomiasis health education more effective,we should attach importance to the language form and the semantic content of them.

Objective To evaluate the hair-removal effect of intense pulsed light (IPL) on hirsutism of spina bifida occulta. Methods 8 patients with hirsutism of spina bifida occulta were treated 3 to 5 times, at 2 month intervals, with ELITE plus IPL. Its wavelength was 610~1000 nm, and spot size was 50 mm ? 10 mm. The macro pulse was composed of a series of micro pulses with equal intervals. The micro pulse duration was 5 ms, the number of micro pulse was 4-15, the interval of micro pulse (delay) was 2~20 ms, and the fluence was 22.3～38.3J/cm2. Results All of the patients were well tolerant under no anesthesia. The hairs were mostly or fully removed after 3 to 5 courses of treatment. Routine washing could be done and bandaging was not applied after treatment. There was no blister, infection, hyperpigmentation and scarring. Little vellus hair regrowth was observed after a 6~12 month follow-up. Conclusions IPL is an ideal method to depilate hirsutism of spina bifida occulta because of its credible effect, simple operation, rapid treatment and no serious complication.

Objective To analyze the discourse right construction of China’s medical aid to Africa,so as to provide evidenc?es for improving the effect and sustainable development of China’s medical aid to Africa. Methods The documents of the dis?course right that China constructed in the medical aid to Africa were selected at different periods as discourse samples. The achievement and deficiency were analyzed from four aspects,namely confident,charismatic,influential,and dominant. Re?sults China’s medical team made much in the discourse right construction in their aid to Africa,but some China’s medical team members were still too cautious and too low?key. China’s medical team gained the trust of the people of Africa,but the lan?guage communication difficulties still hampered in China’s medical aid to Africa. Chinese medical team were widely praised by the African society,but in the west,some African media,even China’s media still neglected to report China’s doctors. China’s international discourse right were greatly improved,but western countries still dominated the public opinion. Conclusion Chi?na should refer to the actual situation of medical aid to Africa to strengthen the construction of discourse right.

Objective To explore the development of the cross sign of olivepontocerebellar atrophy(OPCA) and its diagnostic value.Methods The clinical and imaging data of 8 patients with OPCA were analyzed retrospec-tively.MRI imaging used SE sequence,plain T1 WI,T2 WI,axial,coronal,sagittal imaging.Results All patients were hide onset.The major clinical presentation was cerebellar atsxia and autonomic nerve dysfunction.Positive radiographic findings were consistent with clinical presentation,mainly for the brain stem atrophy,8 patients of the group had this performance,followed by cerebellar atrophy,6 patients had symmetrical atrophy and 2 patients had asymmetric atro-phy.6 patients after onset of 1.5 -3 years showed a typical cross.Conclusion The cross sign gradually appears at a certain stage of development,and it has high specificity.So the combination of clinical and MRI is valuable for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of OPCA.

AIM　To investigate the effect of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on ion channels of myocytes. METHODS　L-type calcium channel and sodium channel currents were recorded in guinea pig single ventricular myocyte using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. RESULTS　4-AP, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mmol*L-1 were shown to inhibit L-type calcium channel currents (ICa,L) and sodium channel currents (INa) concentration-dependently. The percentage of inhibition were (11.6±1.7)%, (37.5±8.3)% and (54.5±6.9)% (P<0.01) respectively for ICa,L, and (22.1±14.3)% (P<0.05), (39.4±8.8)% and (62.3±6.8)% (P<0.01) respectively for INa. 4-AP 0.5 mmol*L-1 shifted the I-V curves of ICa,L and INa upwardly. CONCLUSION　4-AP blocked L-type calcium channel and sodium channels in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes concentration-dependently.

New type medical talents are in great need in the fierce international competition in medical field.Logic quality is acquired by accumulation,not born to be.Modern medicine sets higher requirement for medical talents in the aspects of logic quality including receiving and processing information,ability of expression and collaboration,forecasting and innovation.Therefore,only through diligent learning,training and repeated practice can enhance the logic quality of medical talents,and develop into winners in the increasingly fiercer international competition in medical field.

The clinical thought is the core and the foundation of clinical ability.The logical teaching strengthens the students'clinical thought most directly and effectively.Through the thought training,the inference thought training and the basic thought rule training the medical students' clinical thought ability can be effectively strengthened.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk,undemutrition,overweight/obesi-ty,and apphcation of nutrition support in departments of neurology in 3 metropolitan hospitals in Beijing. Methods Adult patients in the departments of neurology from 3 metropolitan hospitals in Beijing were consecutively en-rolled from March 2005 to March 2006.Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS2002)score≥3 was defined a8 nu-tritian risk,while body mass index(BMI)<18.5 ks/m2 as undemutrition.NRS2002 was performed on the next morning of admission and nutritional support evaluation was performed on the 14th day of admission or discharge day.The relationship between nutrition risk and nutrition support was analyzed.Results A total of 753 patients were enrolled.NRS2002 scoring results were obtained in 461 patients.The prevalence of undemutrition was 4.2%and nutritional risk Was 21.2%.Among them 292 cases in undemutrition category were estimated by semm albu-min<30g/L without accurate BML If the cases without accurate BMl were excluded,the prevalence of undemutri-tion was 5.4%and nutritional risk Was 10.8%.Twenty-three patients(14.4%)with NRS2002≥3 received nutrition support.Thirteen patients(2.2%)with NRS2002<3 received nutrition support.The average PN:EN ratio Wag 1:2.Conclusions A large proportion of inpatients were at nutritional risk or undemutrition in the de-partments of neurology in metropolitan hospitals in Beijing.The application of nutrition support Wag somehow inap-propriate in these patients.Evidence-based guidelines are required to improve this situation

Objective To set up a new diagnostic platform based on microarray exon-capture and next-generation sequencing for detecting small mutations in dystrophin gene.The sensitivity and specificity of the method were assessed in clinical settings and the distribution of small mutations in Chinese Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) patients were also analyzed.Methods Forty-one DMD/BMD patients diagnosed by the clinical criteria without large deletion or duplication (≥ 1exon) were recruited from Peking Union Medical College Hospital consecutively.Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples.The libraries were prepared.Then exon and intron-exon flanking sequences of DMD gene were captured by custom microarray.Targeted next-generation sequencing and Sanger Sequencing were conducted.The patients who were not detected any disease-causing mutation were performed muscle biopsy.Results Thirty-eight subjects were detected small mutations in DMD gene.All single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertion & deletions (INDELs) were validated by Sanger sequencing.Twenty-one novel mutations were reported.The distribution of SNVs and INDELs was similar to other international DMD databases.Upon immunohistochemistry staining of dystrophin protein,1 of 3 mutation-undetected patients was diagnosed as DMD,2 of them were excluded.The specificity of the method was 100％,while the sensitivity was 97.4％.Conclusions Our microarray-captured next-generation sequencing assay could detect SNVs and INDELs with high sensitivity and specificity.Its advantages are economic,time-saving and stable.The platform is suitable for clinical gene diagnosis.

Objective To explore the relationship between snoring and hypertension in the elderly.Methods A total of 375 subjects who were ≥40 years without stroke and myocardial infarction accepted questionnaire survey on snoring.Non conditional Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors of hypertension.Results In 375 subjects,non-snore was in 169 subjects,occasionally snore was in 86 subjects and regular snore was in 120 subjects,the prevalence of hypertension in them were 33.7％(57/169),39.5％(34/86) and 49.2％ (59/120),respectively,there was significant difference among them.Non conditional Logistic regression analysis showed:after correcting other factors,regular snore was still risk factor of hypertension,the OR value was 2.124 (95％ CI 1.189-3.796).According to gender stratification,regular snore was still risk factor of hypertension in female,the OR value was 3.993 (95％ CI 1.259-12.663),rather than risk factor in male.Condusion Regular snore is relevant to the increased prevalence of hypertension,and it is a risk factor of hypertension.