Objective To examine the relative effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and ultrasound therapy (US) on managing heel pain. Methods Thirty seven patients were divided into 3 groups, two treatment groups (groups 1 and 2) and one control group (group 3).Group 1 received ESWT once a week for 3 consecutive weeks.Parameters were set at a frequency of 4Hz with a total of 1000 impulses, intensity at 0.23 to 0.37mJ/mm 2. Group 2 received continuous ultrasound therapy for 5 minutes in each session, three times a week for three consecutive weeks. Parameters were set at 1MHz, intensity level at 1W/mm 2. Group 3 was the control group and no treatment was given during the study period.The intensity of morning pain on weight bearing, pain triggered by prolonged walking/standing, pain on tension and palpation tests were assessed by use of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after each treatment session, including the follow up session.In addition, Mayo Clinical Scoring System (MCSS) was used to evaluate the treatment outcomes. Results After 3 weeks of treatment plus 3 weeks follow up,outcome measures had shown statistical significant difference on the intensity of pain on tension test( P =0.037),the intensity of pain on palpation test ( P =0.019) and the maximum duration of prolonged walking or standing ( P =0.002). Conclusion ESWT is more effective and efficient for managing heel pain than ultrasound therapy.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on managing heel pain. Methods22 patients were divided into 2 groups,12 cases in treatment group who accepted ESWT, 10 cases in control group.The intensity of morning pain on weight bearing, pain triggered by prolonged walking/standing, pain on tension and palpation tests were assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after each treatment session, including the follow-up session,3 weeks after treatment. In addition, Mayo Clinical Scoring System (MCSS) was used to evaluate the treatment outcomes. ResultsAfter 3 weeks of treatment and 3 weeks' follow-up, the intensity of pain on tension test(P<0.05)as well as that on palpation test (P<0.01)decreased, the maximum duration of prolonged walking or standing (P<0.05)and MCSS scores (P<0.05)improved. Conclusions ESWT seems to be a more effective treatment modality for managing heel pain.

Objective To study the role of photoallergens and contact allergens in the pathogenesis of chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD).Methods Ba sed on the standard procedures of photopatch test recommended by the British Pho todermatology Group (BPG) and the routine procedures of patch test,photopatch a nd patch tests were performed on 56 patients with CAD,42 patients with polymorp hous light eruption (PLE) and 25 patients with chronic eczema on scalp and face by standard photopatch test series recommended by the International Contact Derm atitis Research Group (ICDRG) and home-made standard series of contact allerge ns.A set of ten Philips TL20W/09N tubes was used as the source of irradiation.Results In the 56 CAD patients,the positive rates were 46.43 %,57.14 % and 32.14% for photopatch test,patch test and both tests,respectively,which appea red to be significantly higher than those in the patients with PLE.Positive pa tch reactions were found in 65% of the patients with chronic eczema,which was s imilar to that of CAD.And the frequency of the positive allergens in chronic ec zema was the same as that in CAD,in which fragrance mixture (FM) ranked the fir st,followed by balsam of Peru (BOP),cobalt chloride,nickel sulphate.In CAD,FM and BOP were the most common allergens and photoallergens,which accounted fo r 44% and 32% of the positive reactions in patch tests,15.38% and 17.95% in pho topatch tests,respectively.Conclusions Both photoallergens and contact aller gens may play important roles in the pathogenesis of CAD.Allergens positive in patch tests and photopatch tests and related compounds which can cause cross-r eactivity with the above allergens should be avoided by the patients with CAD.

Objective To investigate the correlation between vertebral artery dominance (VAD) and posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCIS).Methods The consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke hospitalized from November 2013 to October 2015 were collected.All patients underwent MRI and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).The dominant vertebral artery was defined as having the larger diameter if left and right diameter difference ≥0.3 mm or the vertebral artery connected to the basilar artery in a more straight fashion if the diameter difference ＜ 0.3 mm.They were divided into either an anterior circulation ischemia stroke (ACIS) group or a PCIS group according to the classification criteria of Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP).A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between VAD and PCIS.Results A total of 226 patients withacute ischemic stroke were enrolled,including 172 patients (76.1％) in the ACIS group and 54 (23.9％) in the PCIS group.Fifty-four patients (23.9％) had VAD,including 38 (70.3％) on the left and 16 (29.7％) on the right.The proportion of the patients with VAD in the PCIS group was significantly higher than that in the ACIS group (55.6％ vs.14.0％;x2 =39.115,P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that VAD was an independent risk factor for patients occurring PCIS (odds ratio,13.60,95％ confidence interval 6.90-27.01;P＜0.001).Conclusions VAD is closely associated with the occurrence of PCIS,and it is an independent risk factor for PCIS.

Objective To investigate the implementation and application of rotational DSA dual volume technology in displaying the intracranial artery stent.Methods Firstly,the “stent opacity”single volume technology was used to display 5 types of stent which were released in 7 cases of pure intracranial artery stenting and 12 cases of stent-assisted aneurysm embolization.Then we applied “vessel translucent”and “vessel opacity”single volume technology to display corresponding vessel segments.Finally,by coalescing the single volume imaging of stent and vessel,the “vessel opacity + stent opacity”dual volume image and “vessel translucent+ stent opacity”dual volume image were performed.We compared the effects of two kinds of dual volume imaging and assessed the imaging characteristics and influencing factors of each method.Results (1)On the “stent opacity”single volume display mode,in 7 cases of pure intracranial artery stenting,the display effect of two Pipeline stents and three Apollo stents belongs to level 1,the display effect of two Enterprise stents belongs to level 2;In 12 cases of stent-assisted aneurysm embolization,in the stent segments which weren’t influenced by artifacts,the display effect of two LEVIS stents belongs to level 1,the display effects of 5 Enterprise stents and 2 Solitaire AB stents belongs to level 2;While in the stent segments which were influenced by the artifact of spring coil and bone,the display effect significantly reduced, three pieces of Enterprise stents were even unable to identify.(2)On the “vessel opacity”single volume display mode,1 9 cases of vessel segment at the stent completed opacity display.The surface structure of vessel was very clear,but the structure under the surface was completely being covered.On the “vessel translucent”single volume display mode,the surface structure of 19 cases of vessel segment at the stent displayed clear at the tangential position.The vessel lumen also presented transparent state.(3)On the “stent opacity+vessels opacity”double volume display mode,the start-stop location and the adherence of stents in blood vessels in 1 6 cases were displayed clearly. When using the “stent opacity+ vascular opacity”double volume imaging,except 3 cases which used ball expansion Apollo stents could display comprehensive relationship between the blood vessels,in the other 13 cases,the relationship between stent and vascular could not be fully displayed.Conclusion On the condition that the single volume display technology shows stent well,the “stent opaque+vessels translucent”double volume display technology can well present the stent condition in the vessels.

Objective To investigate the incidence and pregnancy outcomes of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in pregnant women in Beijing.Methods A retrospective multicenter study of 18 534 cases delivered in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Daxing MCH Hospital and Tongzhou MCH Hospital from January 2011 to December 2011,was conducted.Results Among 18 534 cases,PROM occurred in 4 504 cases (24.30％),including 3 910 cases of in term PROM (21.10％) and 594 cases of preterm PROM (3.20％).The incidence of premature delivery was 6.17％ (1 144/18 534),and among 1 144 cases of premature delivery 547 cases were PROM (47.81％);the incidence of PROM was 22.75％ (3 957/17 390) in term delivery.The overall cesarean section (CS) rate was 48.50％ (8 989/18 534) and that in pregnant women with PROM was 35.55％ (1 601/4 504),but the CS rate in pregnant women without PROM was 52.66％ (7 388/14 030).The rate of postpartum hemorrhage was 13.12％ (210/1 601)in CS cases and 4.17％ (121/2 903) in vaginal delivery cases (x2 =121.361,P=0.000).The mean hospital stay for PROM was (5.3±2.9) d in CS cases and (4.3±2.3) d in vaginal delivery cases (t =-12.136,P =0.000).Conclusions Without severe maternal or fetal complications,the incidence of PROM is relatively high in Beijing region and PROM may not increase the maternal or fetal complications.Vaginal delivery is the main mode of delivery for PROM.Cesarean section may not cause less neonatal complications,but may lead to more postpartum hemorrhage and longer hospital stay.

Objective To determine the normal range of minimal erythema dose (MED) of normal skin to ultraviolet A (UVA) and B (UVB). Methods The definition of MED is the dose of UVA required to induce a just perceptible erythema on an individual′s skin 24 hours after irradiation. One hundred and eighteen subjects including healthy volunteers and patients with noninflammatory skin disorders were enrolled and studied with SUV1000 type UV simulator in March 2002. Results The average MED value for UVA was 55 J/cm2 (range: 18 - 95 J/cm2) in the males, and 40 J/cm2 (range: 15 - 100 J/cm2) in the females. The average MED value for UVB was 31 mJ/cm2 (range: 12 - 95 mJ/cm2) in the males and 29 mJ/cm2 (range: 8 - 95 mJ/cm2) in the females. The MED value for UVA in the males was significantly higher than that in the females (P 0.05). The MED values for UVA as well as UVB in skin type Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in skin type Ⅳ (UVA-MED: P

Objective Therapeutic hypothermia has become a standard neuroprotective treatment in term newborn infants following perinatal asphyxia,but active cooling with whole body surface or head cooling is both complex and expensive.The clinical feasibility of passive cooling in treatment of full term infants with severe asphyxia was investigated.Methods Thirty-two severe asphyxiated term newborns treated with hypothermia were analyzed,who were randomly divided into 2 groups:passive cooling group(n =17) and active cooling group(n =15).Active cooling group adopted MTRE ALLONTM-thermo regulatory systems,passive cooling group using natural cooling method.Hypothermia treatment time was 72 hours.At the end of treatment,the clinical manifestations,biochemical parameters and clinical efficacy of infants between the 2 groups were compared.Results During treatment all infants had no cardiac arrhythmia,hypoglycemia,sustained metabolic acidosis,blood-borne infections,local cold injury or bleeding.Infants in passive cooling group had a relatively wide range of rectal temperature fluctuations[average (33.47-0.71) ℃] and infants in active cooling group had a relatively narrow range of rectal temperature fluctuations[average (33.66 ± 0.29) ℃],but there was no statistically significant difference in their mean rectal temperature(t =1.941,P =0.055).One patient died in active cooling group,but there were no significant differences in suckling age,length of hospital stay,neonatal behavioral neurological assessment score,abnormal cranial ultrasound and MRI between the survivors of the two groups(all P ＞0.05).Conclusions In NICU,environmental temperature is relatively stable,passive cooling for asphyxiated newborns appears to be feasible for maintenance of hypothermia with a lower risk of adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate the perihematomal changes of hyperacute parenchymal hematomas and the clinical value by MRI. Methods Multi-sequence MRI was performed on 4 hematomas in vitro and on 15 pigs with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) for about 30～60 min and 3 h respectively. The integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in ICH pigs was assessed by electron microscopy and Evan's blue dye technique. MR scanning was performed on 2 ICH patients proved by CT for 4 and 9 h after onsets. Results FLAIR and T 2-weighted images showed hyperintensity signal around the hematomas in vitro and in pigs with ICH within 1 h, and more obviously at 3 h. When the gelose cavity was cut, plasma was seen around the clot. The perihematomal ADC values of the pigs increased both within 1 and at 3 h after ICH. However, the BBB was intact at 3 h, which was proved by electron microscopy and Evan's blue dye technique. Water-like intensity signal was observed around the hematomas in two patients with acute ICH. Conclusion The perihematomal changes of hyperacute ICH observed on MRI are resulted from the blood clot contraction and the serum formation and extravasation, but not real cerebral edema.

The damage degree of neurons in perilesion at different time points was observed in order to explore the optimal operation occasion. Piglet lobar hematomas were produced by pressure-controlled infusions of 2.5 mL autonomous blood into the right frontal hemispheric white matter over 15 min, and the metabolic changes were ambulatorily detected with MRS at 3rd, 12th, 24th and 48th h after hematoma induction. Brain tissues of perihematoma were also obtained at different time points. The transcription level of Bax gene was detected by in situ hybridization and apoptosis by TUNEL technique, and the pathologic change of neurons was observed under an electron microscope. The results showed that the number of Bax positive cells reached the peak at 24 h (79.00 +/- 4.243/5 fields). There was no significant difference in A values between 3 h and 6 h, 12 h (P > 0.05), but there significant difference between 24 h and 3 h, 6 h, 12 h (P < 0.05). The number of apoptotic cells reached the peak at 24 h (P < 0.001), and there was no significant difference between 3 h and 6 h (P = 0.999). The area of the apoptotic cells showed no significant difference between 3 h and 6 h or among 3 h, 6 h and 6 h (P > 0.05). Lac peak mainly occurred at 24 h and 48 h, while on the healthy side, no Lac peak was detectable. The ratio of NAA/Cr presented a descent tendency, but there was no significant difference among the groups before 12 h (P > 0.05), there was very significant difference between 3, 6 and 24, 48 h (P < 0.01). Under electronic microscopy, the neuronal damage surrounding hematoma in 3 to 6 h was milder than in 24 h to 48 h. It was concluded that the secondary apoptosis, damage and metabolic disturbance of the neurons surrounding hematoma was milder in 3-6 h in acute intracerebral hemorrhage, while obviously aggravated in 24-48 h. An effective intervention is needed to reduce secondary damage as soon as possible.
Brain/*pathology ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/*pathology ; Hematoma/*pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurons/pathology ; Random Allocation ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Time Factors