Objective To investigate and analyze the health education requirement in migrant-worker patients and establish health education countermeasures that accord with migrant-worker pa-tients. Methods 600 hospitalization patients were chosen from January to December, 2007,among which 300 migrant-worker patients were set as the experimental group,300 native patients were selected as the control group.The contents and manners of health education requirement were compared between the two groups. Results In the aspect of contents of health education requirement,the highest require-ment was to understand treatment expense,which was significantly higher than that of the control group. The higher requirement included to understand illness condition and treatment protocols,prevention and treatment of common disease and infectious disease.In the aspect of manners of health education require-ment,the highest requirement was to communicate with medical workers,the lowest requirement was to communicate among patients. Conclusions Migrant-worker patients concern about treatment expense, nurses should not only conduct health education about disease-related knowledge, but also pay much atten-tion to informed consent about treatment expense in order to avoid unnecessary dispute.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy on hemiplegic spasticity after cerebral infarction treated with plum blossom needle tapping therapy at the key points and Bobath therapy.

METHODSEighty patients were collected, in compliance with the inclusive criteria of hemiplegic spasticity after cerebral infarction, and randomized into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each one. In the control group, Bobath manipulation therapy was adopted to relieve spasticity and the treatment of 8 weeks was required. In the observation group, on the basis of the treatment as the control group, the tapping therapy with plum blossom needle was applied to the key points, named Jianyu (LI 15), Jianliao (LI 14), Jianzhen (SI 9), Hegu (LI 4), Chengfu (BL 36), Zusanli (ST 36), Xiyangguan (GB 33), etc. The treatment was given for 15 min each time, once a day. Before treatment, after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and Barthel index (BI) were adopted to evaluate the motor function of the extremity and the activity of daily life in the patients of the two groups separately. The modified Ashworth scale was used to evaluate the effect of anti-spasticity.

RESULTSIn 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, FMA: scores and BI scores were all significantly increased as compared with those before treatment in the two groups: (both P<0. 05). The results in 8 weeks of treatment in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (all P<0. 05). In 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the scores of spasticity state were improved as compared with those before treatment in the patients of the two groups (all P<0. 05). The result in 8 weeks of treatment in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0. 05). In 8 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate of anti-spasticity was 90. 0% (36/40) in the observation group, better than 75. 0% (30/40) in the control group (P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe tapping therapy with plum blossom needle at the key points combined with Bobath therapy effectively relieves hemiplegic spasticity in the patients of cerebral infarction and improves the motor function of extremity and the activity of daily life.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Aged ; Cerebral Infarction ; complications ; physiopathology ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Spasticity ; etiology ; physiopathology ; rehabilitation ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To study the ultrasonographic characteristics and significance of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnose of soft tissue haematoma in the elderly.Methods Totally 45 elderly patients with soft tissue hematoma were retrospectively analyzed.Hematoma were divided into 3 types:traumatic hematoma,iatrogenic hematoma and spontaneous hematoma.The ultrasonographic features of hematoma including location,size,shape,internal echo,boundary and relationship with around muscles were detected by color Doppler ultrasound.Results The ultrasonographic diagnostic rate of soft tissue haematoma was 98.0％ (44/45) in this study.The haematomas in patients were found in the soft tissues of many body parts and the types were mainly iatrogenic and spontaneous haematomas (42.0％ and 40.0％ respectviely).The traumatic hematomas and iatrogenic hematomas could be found in the early stage by ultrasound due to the trauma history,and the sonograms were mainly equal and low echo (75.0％ and 80.0％ respectively).Traumatic hematoma was found between the disorder muscles,and partial ruptured muscle fibers could be detected within or around the hematoma.Iatrogenic hematoma was mainly located around the vessels,which were compressed to the deep part as compared with the vessel in contralateral.Spontaneous haematoma was not almost found in the early stage and could be easily ignored and misdiagnosed.Spontaneous hematoma was mainly located within muscle fibers or fatty layers,presented anechoic area with irregular hypoechoic between the muscles and had well-defined hyperechoic boundary with compressed muscles around it.Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasound has a reliable diagnosis of soft tissue haematoma with quick,noninvasive,convenient for follow-up advantages in the elderly.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and trends of human papillomavirus (HPV)infections in gynecology outpatients in Zhejiang province.Methods Samples of cervical exfoliated cells were collected from gynecology outpatients in 11 sentinel hospitals in Zhejiang Province from January 2011 to December 2013.Twenty one HPV subtypes were detected by flow-through hybridization technique.Chisquare test was performed to analyze the prevalence rates of HPV infections in different years and in different age groups.Results A total of 14 569 patients were enrolled in the study,among whom 3 552 (24.38％)were positive for HPV.HPV-16 (5.77％,840/14 569),HPV-52 (4.71％,686/14 569) and HPV-58 (4.52％,659/14 569) were the most prevalent subtypes.Among all patients,2 244 (15.40％) were infected with a single high-risk subtype,426 (2.92％) were infected with a single low-risk subtype,and 882 (6.05％) were infected with multiple subtypes.The rate of multiple infection was on the rise during 2011 and 2013 (x2 =23.65,P ＜0.01).The positive rates of HPV in patients with 15-24 y age group and ＞54 y age group were 27.91％ (211/756) and 27.73％ (439/1 583) respectively,which were higher than those in other age groups (x2 =18.664,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion HPV infection is popular in gynecology outpatients in Zhejiang province,especially in patients aged 15-24 y and ＞ 54 y,and a certain proportion of patients are infected with multiple subtypes.

Objective To identify the risk factors for severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of ALRI. Methods Several databases including Pubmed, Databases-Medline (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL and Global Health Library, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Date were searched (1990.1-2014.12) for references. All selected studies were about risk factors of ALRI in children. The screening and quality evalua? tion of the literature data was conducted independently by two reviewers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 11.0 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results Meta-analysis of 27 included literature showed that seven risk fac?tors were significantly associated with severe ALRI:low birth weight, lack of exclusive breastfeeding, crowded household, ex?posure to indoor air pollution, malnutrition, living in a house with smokers or smoking in pregnant and HIV-exposed unin?fected condition. Conclusion The above seven risk factors play the important role in the development of ALRI in children. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for further studies investigating other potential risk factors to decrease the possibility of childhood ALRI.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of year-round respiratory viral infection in children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), and the relationship between respiratory viral infection and allergen sensitization in exacerbating asthma. Methods A total of 231 hospitalized children with acute LRTI were investigated from May 2013 to April 2014. The 5 most common respiratory viruses were isolated from nasopharyngeal aspirate using multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (AV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), influenza virus (IFV) and rhinovirus (RV). Atopic sensitization was defined if more than 1 serum specific immunoglobulin E level measured using immunofluorescence experiment was over 0.35 IU/mL. Results RSV was the most common pathogen of bronchiolitis in hospitalized children through the year. RV or IFV infections were more prevalent in asthma exacerbations compared to other LRTIs. AV was more likely to cause pneumonia. RV and IFV were associated with asthma exacerbations in children with atopic sensitization, but not in nonatopic children. Conclusion RV and IFV are associated with hospitalization for asthma exacerbation in children with atopic sensitization.

Clinical data of 4 cases of infants with hemophilia complicated with hematorrhachis diagnosed in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from January 2017 to December 2018 was retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestations of 4 children was atypical, only showing irritability and crying, poor spirit and weak head in the early stage, and torticollis and limb weakness in the late stage may easily contribute to a misdiagnosis.The spinal magnetic resonance imaging is an important diagnosis of hematorrhachis.The most common site of disease was cervicothoracic and thoracolumbar spinal epidural hemorrhage.Of the 4 patients in this article, 1 patient was treated with surgery combined with infusion factor Ⅷ replacement therapy.Three patients were treated with infusion factor Ⅷ replacement therapy alone to obtain clinical rehabilitation.The prognosis of early diagnosis was good, the time from onset to diagnosis in 3 cases was within 1 week, after treatment all had rehabilitation; 1 case within 2 weeks of diagnosis, partial rehabilitation.It is suggested that hemophilia complicated with hematorrhachis in infants is hidden, and it can only be irritable and crying in the early stage, and neurological symptoms appear in the late stage.Improving diagnostic awareness, early diagnosis and early infusion factor replacement therapy are critical for prognosis.

Objective To investigate the correlation between seminal plasma hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA copy and semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF).Methods The seminal plasma HBV-DNA was detected by the real-time PCR in 148 infertility males,and those with serum HBV-DNA above (positive) or below (negative) 5.0 × 102U/ml were analyzed respectively by semen parameters,sperm morphology and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF).Results Of 148 male,60 (40.5％) were seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive,and of 60 positive patients,56 (93.3％) were serum hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg) positive,which was higher than those of seminal plasma HBV-DNA negative males (31cases,35.2％).Serum HBeAg and HBV-DNA in seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive patients were 845.7(0.2 ～ 1455.0) S/CO and (1.7 ± 1.1) × 108U/ml,which were higher than those of HBV-DNA negative patients [HBeAg:0.1 (0.1 ～ 1374.0) S/CO;HBV-DNA:(2.3 ± 1.1) × 107 U/ml,P ＜ 0.01].Seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive patients exhibited lower semen volume,sperm concentration,the percentage of forward moving sperm and less normal morphology compared to HBV-DNA negative patients [(2.44±1.2)mlvs.(3.07±1.3)ml,(66.8±49.1) ×106/mlvs.(87.1 ±65.4) ×106/ml,(54.3± 16.1)％ vs.(59.1 ±15.3)％,(3.77 ±2.8)％ vs.(6.15 ±4.2)％,P＜0.05].The number of patients with teratozoospermia was significantly higher in seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive patients (56.7％ versus 34.1％,(P ＜ 0.01).The SDF in seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive patients was(18.1 ± 12.3)％,while it was(14.4 ± 8.4)％ in negative patients,and the difference of SDF in these two groups was significantly (t =2.197,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive could affect the semen parameters,sperm morphology and SDF.

Objective To investigate the correlation between sperm-nucleporotein transition and sperm parameters and embryo development,also to evaluate the influence of pregnancy out comes of assisted reproductive technology (ART).Methods Sperm-nucleoprotein transition assay of a total of 676 patients underwent ART treatment were detected by aniline blue staining,and the correlation analysis between spermnucleoprotein transition and sperm parameters,DNA damage,acrosin activity,fertilization rate,cleavage rate,quality of early embryo development as well as blastocyst formation rate was performed.Results The sperm concentration,(a+b) ％ sperm,sperm count and acrosin activity was (66.5±4.6) × 109/L,(149.2±9.9)×109/L,(51.2±1.3)％ and (72.2±3.3) mU/106 sperm in abnormal group,and (91.9±2.7) ×109/L,(240.0±8.0) ×109/L,(57.3±0.8)％ and (85.7±1.9) mU/106 sperm in normal group,which reached significant difference (P＜0.01).DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was (17.3± 1.0)％ in abnormal group,which was significantly higher than (14.6±0.5)％ in normal group.The cleavage rate of 95.0％,D3/D5 high quality embryo rates of 34.2％ and 1.28％,D5 blastocyst formation rate and the total rate of blastocyst formation rate of 22.4％ and 38.6％ in abnormal group,which were significantly lower than that in normal group (96.9％,38.2％,2.70％,27.9％ and 46.4％) (P＜0.01).The rate of spontaneous abortion was 12.3％ in abnormal group,which was significantly higher than that in normal group (4.7％) (P＜0.01).However,there was no significant difference in biochemical pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate between the 2 groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions Sperm-nucleoprotein transition was positively related with sperm parameters,DNA damage,acrosin activity,and also has an adverse effect on embryo development and the outcomes of ART.It is suggested that the sperm-nucleoprotein transition should be detected before ART.

Objective To evaluate the effects of exercise therapy for patients with difficult weaning using mechanical ventilation.Methods A total of 63 patients with difficult weaning using mechanical ventilation were randomly divided into the experimental group(33 cases) and the control group(30 cases).The patients in the control group received routine respiratory care,however,the patients in the experimental group received gradual and individualized exercise therapy according to patients' condition and physical strength.The items such as the tidal volume,respiratory rate,PaO2/FiO2 were compared between two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the tidal volume,respiratory rate,PaO2/FiO2 and the score of APACHE Ⅱ were better in the experimental group on the 21th and 28th day after mechanical ventilation,the heart rate was better in the experimental group on the 28th day after mechanical ventilation.In addition,the duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU hospitalization was shorter in the experimental group.But the rate of complications showed no significant difference.Conclusions Exercise therapy has a positive effect on patients with difficult weaning using mechanical ventilation.