OBJECTIVE To investigate the antimicrobial application in a hospital of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).METHODS Data of antimicrobial application in patients who were discharged within a month were investigated.RESULTS The usage rate of antimicrobials was 62.62%,the surgical departments were higher in antibacterial use than departments of internal medicine;the pathogenic detection rate was 17.28%;the usage rate of combinations accounted for 34.14%;the duration of preoperative and postoperative antimicrobial use was long,some patients didn′t receive rationally preoperative prophylactic antimicrobials.CONCLUSIONS Management of clinical antimicrobial application in hospital of TCM should be strengthened,especially on the indication of antimicrobial and pathogenic detection.

Electric field treatment of tumor technology is of great significance in the treatment of glioma,including direct current electric field and alternating electric field.Direct current electric field affects the migration of glioma cells,and can be used as a new clue for the treatment of glioma.While alternating electric field can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells,and induce apoptosis,and can obviously prolong the survival period of patients with glioma and improve their quality of life.

Objective:To assess the effect and mechanism of ClassⅢ malocclusions treatment with Frankel-Ⅲ appliance and reverse Twin-block appliance. Methods:Twenty subjects of ClassⅢ malocclusion were included in this study(9 males,11 females). Among them, 10 subjects were randomly selected for treatment with reverse Twin-block appliance (T group) and 10 subjects for Frankel-Ⅲ appliance (F group). All patients were treated all the day for total of 4-11 months. The cephalometric records of these subjects were examined before and after treatment. The acquired data were processed with SPSS 10.0. Results: The results showed a mandible receded backward in both groups. Both group could accelerate the development of the maxillary bone. But the Frankel-Ⅲ was more effective. F group had significant effects of uprighting upper frontal teeth and flaring lower teeth. the average treatment time was 6.5 months in reverse twin-block appliance therapy group and 9 months in Frankel-Ⅲ appliance group. Conclusion: Both reverse Twin-block appliance and Frankel-Ⅲ appliance can treat angle classⅢ malocclusions effectively. The effects of maxillary changes of Frankel-Ⅲ appliance is better than reverse Twin-Block. Treatment period is shorter in T group than in F group.

Objective To analyze the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of chronic diseases in Liaoning Province. Methods 16 370 residents from 3 cities and 3 counties in Liaoning province were se1ected by multistage cluster sampling.A household survey with questionnaire was carried out.Chronic diseases were self-reported. Results The total prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 34.48%,and it was higher in the urban(41.85%) than that in the rural(28.65%),higher in women(39.45%)than in men(29.38%).The prevalence rate significantly increased with rising of age above 25 years old.The first five of the most prevalent chronic diseases were those of circulation system(13.18%),movement system(7.84%),digestion system(3.92%),endocrine system(2.19%) and respiration system(2.15%),and they occupied 84.87% of all the cases. Conclusion Cardiovascular diseases,hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases were the first three kinds of the most prevalent chronic diseases,and they would be the main diseases need to control and prevent.Meanwhile chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer and intervertebral disk diseases in the young people should be also concerned

Objective To evaluate the middle and long term effects of the two-stage procedures of drilling for hydroxyapatite orbital implant and inserting a motility peg, and to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of the various complications during the procedure. Methods This retospective study included 68 patients who had underwent the drilling of the hydroxyapatite and motility peg placement for over 3 years. Mean age at operation was 30.7 years (range from 17～60 years). All patients were placed plastic peg. Information recorded included pre-and post-operative facial appearance, motility of the artificial eye, conjunctival sac discharge and other complications. Results No secondary infection occured in 36～72 months of follow up. All patients felt that there had been an improvement in the motility of their artificial eye. And their cosmetic appearance was acceptable. The most frequent complication encountered was discharge from conjunctiva sac, which occurred in 31 patients. Extrusion of the motility peg was found in 6 patients. 5 patients had exuberant granulation in conjunctiva sac. Conclusion Drilling of the hydroxyapatite implant improves both the appearance and the motility of the artificial eye. Complications are minor and can be easily prevented and treated. The vascularization of HA sphere with good motility should be drilled at relatively larger conjunctival sac in the patients who can cooperate under local anesthesia.

Objective To observe the effectiveness of electrolyzed oxidizing water(EOW) in disinfections of endoscopes and compared with that of 2% glutaraldehyde. Methods (1) Disinfections of bacteri-a:Specimens were obtained immediately from endoscopes after being used, disinfected and washed out for bacterial culture. Endoscopes were immersed in either EOW or 2% glutaraldehyde for 1 , 3 and 5 minutes. Each time group consisted of 30 cases. (2 ) Effectiveness on disinfections of H. Pylori: endoscopes either from patients with H. Pylori infection or artificially contaminated with H. Pylori were washed out and exposed for 1 ,3 and 5 minutes in each of the disinfectants. PCR was used to detect DNA of H. Pylor. (3) Effectiveness of disinfections of HBV : Endoscopes were contaminated with HBV-positive serum, and the exposure time to both disinfectants were 1,3,5 and 10 minutes respectively. Thirty samples were studied in each time groups. Results ( 1 ) After manual cleaning and disinfections for 1, 3 and 5min in EOW, no vegetative bacteria were found. In 2% glutaraldehyde processing group, 5/30, 4/30 and 1/30 specimens remained bacteria positive, respectively. (2)There was no positive specimens found after 3 and 5 minutes' exposure in EOW in the group of H. Pylori, but 2/30 positive specimens were found in the 1 minute group. While 3/30, 4/30 and 4/30 positive specimens were found after exposure in 2% glutaraldehyde. (3) In the group of HBV, there is no positive case found after exposure in EOW, while in 2% glutaraldehyde groups, there were 2,5 ,4 and 5 cases remained positive in 1 ,3,5 and 10 minutes group respectively. Conclusion EOW is superior to 2% glutaraldehyde in disinfections of Hp or HVB with high-speed and thoroughness, and worthy to be recommended in disinfections of endoscopes.

Objective To investigate some specific fluorescent substances in gastric juice from patients with gastric carcinoma and to establish biomarkers for the detection of gastric cancer. Methods We collected gastric juice from 10 patients with gastric carcinoma and 10 patients without gastric carcinoma respectively. After being condensed, the specimens of gastric juice were analyzed by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We collected the specific fluorescent substance in the retention time of 11.5-12.5 min in fluorescence spectra of HPLC and then detected them through mass spectrometry. Comparing such spectra with those of L-tryptophan, we attempted to find the principle component of the fluorescent substances. Results There was a specific substance in gastric juice in the retention time of 11.5-12.5 min in fluorescent spectra of HPLC, which was more abundant in gastric malignancy than in gastric benigh diseases. With the mass charge ratio(m/z)of 205, the substance had the same mass spectrum as shown in the third level of L-tryptophan, which was confirmed by mass spectrometry. This substance was identified to be L-tryptophan. Conclusions L-tryptophan is one of the specific fluorescent substances in gastric juice from patients with gastric carcinoma.

Objective To summarize clinical imaging characters of the gastric lymphoma in gastroscopy and double contrast radiography of upper gastrointestinal tract.Methods We reviewed 24 cases of gastric lymphoma from January 1996 to June 2006 and analyzed their endoscopic and X-ray features,as well as their pathological results.Results The most frequently involved parts were gastric body(75%,18 cases) and antrum(67%,16 cases).The most common changes were: ①ulcer(71%,17 cases),especially multiple shallow ulcers which had different forms;②nodular protuberance(67%,16 cases),sometimes submucous giant protuberance;③giant duplicature(54%,13 cases);and ④involvement spreading along the gastrointestinal tract(21%,5 cases).Conclusions The characters of gastric lymphoma are ulcer,nodular protuberance,giant duplicature,and so on.The combination use of gastroscopy,radiography,endoscopic mucosal resection,endoscopic ultrasound,and laparoscopy is important for definite diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the incidence and related factors with sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods:A total of 131 patients with non-hospitalized maintenance hemodialysis who had been maintained for at least 3 months and in a stable condition were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) method was employed to examine the muscle mass.MQSGA questionnaire was used to evaluate patients'nutrition status as well as related laboratory indicators.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of sarcopenia in MHD patients.Results:The incidence of sarcopenia in 131 MHD patients was 41.22％ (54/131).Significant differences were observed in gender,duration of hemodialysis,hs-CRP and the score of M(Q)SGA between the two groups.The incidence of sarcopenia in male was 43.67 times compared with female.And with the increase of hs-CRP levels and MQSGA score,the incidence of sarcopenia was increased as well (P ＜0.05).Conclusion:Sarcopenia has a high incidence in MHD patients,and male,micro-inflammatory state and malnutrition were the risk factors.

Electrocardiograph(ECG)teaching is always one of the emphases and difficulties in diagnostics teaching.And this article summarizes the experience on ECG teaching reform by using computer assisted instruction(CAI).