Objective To find out the situation of laboratory testing capacity of fluoride in drinking water in Guizhou Province.Method Assessment of fluoride detection capabilities in nine cities (states) and 31 countylevel laboratories of the province in 2010 was carried out,the test results of individual indicators were evaluated using a single Z-score method,and the determination was based on the fluoride ion selective electrode method of Drinking Water Saritary Standard Test Method (GB/T 5750.5-2006) or fluorine reagent spectrophotometry.Results The feedback rate of fluoride measurement results was 100％,the satisfactory rate of laboratory results was 82.5％,the suspicious rate of results was 7.5％(33/40),and the unsatisfied rate was 10.0％(3/40).Conclusion The fluoride detection capability of most laboratories that participated in the proficiency test has met the requirements,and 10 percent of the laboratory's capacity needs to be improved.

Objective:To investigate the incidence and related factors with sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods:A total of 131 patients with non-hospitalized maintenance hemodialysis who had been maintained for at least 3 months and in a stable condition were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) method was employed to examine the muscle mass.MQSGA questionnaire was used to evaluate patients'nutrition status as well as related laboratory indicators.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of sarcopenia in MHD patients.Results:The incidence of sarcopenia in 131 MHD patients was 41.22％ (54/131).Significant differences were observed in gender,duration of hemodialysis,hs-CRP and the score of M(Q)SGA between the two groups.The incidence of sarcopenia in male was 43.67 times compared with female.And with the increase of hs-CRP levels and MQSGA score,the incidence of sarcopenia was increased as well (P ＜0.05).Conclusion:Sarcopenia has a high incidence in MHD patients,and male,micro-inflammatory state and malnutrition were the risk factors.

Aim To investigate the role of autophagy in the cardioprotection by orientin and the relative molec-ular mechanisms in cell apoptosis and autophay. Meth-ods The isolated ischemia reperfusion ( I/R ) heart model was built firstly. The Experiments were divided into seven groups:control group, I/R group, different concentrations of orientin-treated group ( 1. 0 mg · kg-1 ,2. 0 mg· kg-1 ,4. 0 mg · kg-1 ) , autophagy in-hibitor group and resveratrol group. Hemodynamic in-dex were recorded by PowerLab, the activities of myo-cardial enzymes were detected through Biochemical an-alyzer, the ultrastructure changes and autophagosomes in myocardial cells were detected by electron microsco-py, the apoptosis was detected by TUNEL, and LC3 and Beclin1 protein levels of left ventricle were meas-ured by Western blot. Results Orientin at middle and high concentrations(2 and 4 mg·kg-1 ) induced auto-phagy shown by increased the number of autophago-somes, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio and Beclin 1 expression after ischemia-reperfusion. The induction of autophagy by orientin was correlated with enhanced cardiac func-tion and decreased apoptosis. But wortmannin, a kind of autophagy inhibitor, significantly attenuated the ori-entin-induced autophagy and increased apoptosis. Con-clusion The cardioprotection of orientin against myo-cardial ischemia reperfusion injury may be mediated through the inhibition of apoptosis and induction of au-tophagy.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of the collaboration application of hospital information system (HIS) andsmart chaininventory automation management system(SPD)in drug distribution enterprises on drug logistics management,and achieve the centralized distribution of drugs. METHODS:Related countermeasures in achieving the informatization and scientiza-tion of drug inventory management after the collaboration application of HIS and SPD were introduced,and effectiveness analysis was conducted for the inventory management by comparing related indicators before and after collaboration application. RESULTS:Through the establishment ofunified receiving platformsystem and barcode technology that combined with HIS and SPD,drug barcode acceptance was achieved;setting drug fixed package and scanning fixed cards in outer packing in theunified receiving platformsystem can achieve automatic out-and into-storehouse and generating purchase plan;the collaboration application of HIS and SPD achieved drug concentration distribution. Compared with before,monthly inventory amount was decreased 27.07%(P<0.05)in the condition that both drug purchases and sales amount were increased,into-warehouse time of pharmacy acceptance was decreased from 6-12 s in each drug to 10-15 s in each order,pharmacy staff dropped from 2.5 to 2 persons. CONCLUSIONS:The collaboration application of HIS and SPD in drug logistics management has improved efficiency of warehouse,reduced drug inven-tory and achieved the informatization and scientization of drug inventory management.

Objective To investigate the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]and relationship to C-reactive protein(CRP) and procalcitonin(PCT)in children with severe pneumonia.Methods Serum 25 (OH)D levels of 86 cases of children with severe pneumonia,81 cases of children with mild pneumonia and 85 cases of children in healthy control group on admission were deter-mined by ELISA respectively and compared.At the same time,CRP and PCT were tested and the correlation to 25(OH)D in chil-dren with severe pneumonia was analyzed.Results There are statistical differences among three groups(P <0.05,α=0.05 ).The mean values of serum 25 (OH)D were (62.03 ±17.94),(68.90 ±15.22)and (82.21 ±17.89)μmol/L in severe pneumonia pa-tients,mild pneumonia patients and healthy children respectively,furthermore,prevalence of vitamin D deficiency of the sever pneu-monia group was significantly higher than that of the case-control group and normal group (P < 0.05,α= 0.05 ).The level of 25(OH)D was not significantly related to CRP and PCT level in children with severe pneumonia(P <0.05,α=0.05).Conclusion The mean level of vitamin D in children with severe pneumonia was significantly lower,which may be associated with the occurrence and develop-ment of severe pneumonia in children.

Brain computer interface is a control system between brain and outside devices by transforming electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. The brain computer interface system does not depend on the normal output pathways, such as peripheral nerve and muscle tissue, so it can provide a new way of the communication control for paralysis or nerve muscle damaged disabled persons. Steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is one of non-invasive EEG signals, and it has been widely used in research in recent years. SSVEP is a kind of rhythmic brain activity simulated by continuous visual stimuli. SSVEP frequency is composed of a fixed visual stimulation frequency and its harmonic frequencies. The two-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition (2D-EEMD) is an improved algorithm of the classical empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm which extended the decomposition to two-dimensional direction. 2D-EEMD has been widely used in ocean hurricane, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Lena image and other related image processing fields. The present study shown in this paper initiatively applies 2D-EEMD to SSVEP. The decomposition, the 2-D picture of intrinsic mode function (IMF), can show the SSVEP frequency clearly. The SSVEP IMFs which had filtered noise and artifacts were mapped into the head picture to reflect the time changing trend of brain responding visual stimuli, and to reflect responding intension based on different brain regions. The results showed that the occipital region had the strongest response. Finally, this study used short-time Fourier transform (STFT) to detect SSVEP frequency of the 2D-EEMD reconstructed signal, and the accuracy rate increased by 16%.
Algorithms ; Brain ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Humans ; Neural Pathways

Objective To study the clinical value of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels in children with severe pneumonia. Methods A total of 72 children with severe pneumonia in pediatric intensive care unit were divided into heart failure (HF) group and non-HF group according to the occurrence of heart failure, and 30 healthy children were selected as control group. Serum NT-ProBNP and cTnI levels were detected and analyzed. Results Compared with control group, NT-ProBNP and cTnI levels were signiifcantly higher (P<0.01) in HF and non-HF group. The levels of NT-ProBNP and cTnI in HFgroup were both signiifcantly higher (P<0.01) than that in non-HFgroup. Serum NT-ProBNP level was positively related to the level of cTnI(P=0.000) in children with severe pneumonia. The abnormal rate of cTnI in HF group was significantly higher (P=0.037) than that in non-HFgroup. The difference of the abnormal rate of NT-ProBNP between the two groups was not signiifcant (P=0.375), however, the abnormal rate of NT-ProBNP was signiifcantly higher (P=0.036) than that of cTnI in non-HF group. Conclusions There was obvious myocardial damage in children with severe pneumonia. NT-ProBNP and cTnI could be important serological markers to assist diagnosis of myocardial damage and its severity.

Objective To study the change and clinical significance of coagulation and fibrinolytic function in neonatal sepsis. Methods 86 neonates inpatients in the neonatology department of our hospital were selected and divided into the ordinary infection group(30 cases)and the sepsis group(56 cases),and 30 healthy neonates were selected as the normal control group.Plasma AT-Ⅲactivity,DD level and PLT count were detected immediately after admission and the detection results were analyzed.Results Com-pared with the control group and the ordinary infection group,the AT-Ⅲ activity and the PLT count in the sepsis group were sig-nificantly decreased,while the DD level was significantly increase,the difference had statistical significance(P <0.01).The differ-ences of the three indexes had no statistical significance between the normal control group and the ordinary infection group(P >0.05);however,the AT-Ⅲ activity and the PLT count in the DIC group were significantly decreased and the DD level was signifi-cantly increased(P <0.01),the occurrence rate of abnormal three indexes was 83.33%(15/18)in the DIC group,which was signifi-cantly higher than that in the non-DIC group(χ2 =17.75,P =0.00).Conclusion The obvious dysfunction of coagulation and fibri-nolysis exists in neonatal sepsis,which is related with the severity degree of disease.The joint detection of AT-Ⅲ activity,DD level and PLT count is helpful for the early diagnosis of DIC in neonatal sepsis.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-3606.2013.06.009

Objective To study the changes and clinical value of platelet(PLT)parameters and coagulation indicators in children with severe pneumonia.Methods 97 children were divided into severe pneumonia groupⅠand severe pneumonia groupⅡ according to whether children were associated with other diseases besides severe pneumonia,and 30 healthy chil-dren were in control group.The levels of PLT count,mean platelet volume(MPV),prothrombin time(PT),activated par-tial thromboplastin time(APTT),fibrinogen(FIB),antithrombin-Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ),and D-dimer(DD)among three groups were compared.Results The differences of PLT,MPV,DD and AT-Ⅲ activities were all significant among three groups (all P < 0.05).PLT,MPV and DD levels in group Ⅰ were all significantly higher than those of control group ([454.00±157.00]×109/L vs [300.00±63.00]×109/L ;[9.66±1.24]fL vs [8.90±0.37]fL;[0.47±0.37] mg/L vs [0.27±0.06]mg/L,respectively);AT-Ⅲ activity in groupⅠ was lower than control group([79.91 ± 20.34]% vs[107.03±8.11]%)(both P <0.05).AT-Ⅲ activity and PLT level in group Ⅱwas (66.11±11.12)%and (279.00±185.00)×109/L respectively,which were both significantly lower than group Ⅰ,MPV and DD level was (10.37± 1.51)fL and (0.70±0.46)mg/L respectively,which were both higher than groupⅠ (both P <0.05).Conclusion There is obvious coagulation dysfunction in children with severe pneumonia.The changes in PLT,MPV,AT-Ⅲ and DD levels are associated with the severity of pneumonia.