BACKGROUND: Traditional cancellous bone porosity detection methods such as direct method,gas expansion method,mercury injection method,density and osmotic suction measurement have many disadvantages,such as low efficiency,labor-intensive and complexity.OBJECTIVE: To process cancellous bone chips using MATLAB image processing method to calculate cancellous bone porosity.METHODS: Using MATLAB image processing method,the stained cancellous bone images were subjected to uneven lighting removal,image enhancement,binarization,removing interference objectives to obtain binary two-dimensional matrix.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Slice image was composed of bone and pore space.The slice image was segmented to calculate its porosity.This solves the problem of the inequality of light intensity and other interferences in image information that affect the statistics.The image processing and analysis methods of bone slices were performed using MATLAB,which can be used for cancellous bone porosity measurements and be used to explore the distribution and variation of porosity.Selecting different regions to calculate the different porosity of each area can be used to analyze the distribution of the pore.This method provides a method for the study of trabecular bone structure.

The prosthesis is forced by pneumatic artificial muscle, which can swing like human legs by inputting signals such as square waves and trigonal waves.Its swing performance is tested under such triggerings in order to find out a best motivating curve rendering the prosthesis performance almost the same as what human legs do. Compared with the normal human pace graph, the curve matches very well in the ascending edge but quite a discrepancy in the end of descending edge. According analyzing the reasons of the discrepancies, we could know how to ameliorate the design of the next generation of the bionic legs.

Knee joint is the largest and most complex joint of human body. Knee prosthesis, as the core component of lower limb, has a great expectation on simulated properties. Based on bionics, this study was designed to analyze kinematic characteristics of simulated knee joint, such as the sliding and rolling ratio of the knee as well as the instantaneous center curve, in order to further investigate an ideal simulated knee joint which was highly similar to normal knee joint. Movement regularity of human knee joint was simplified to introduce biomechanical model of knee joint so as to analyze and deduce formula of sliding ratio, rolling ratio, and instantaneous center curve. The calculation results were compared with parameters of human knee joint, suggesting a high coincidence between simulated and human knee joint. This provides an evidence for analyzing stability of motion and further studying structure and function of simulated knee joint, and this also provides basis for further research artificial simulated leg.

For thousands of years, moxibustion has been used for various diseases in China and other Asian countries. Despite the recent surge in Chinese herbal studies, few randomized controlled trials have been conducted on this modality, possibly due to the lacking of suitable double blinding methodology. This is a review of extant sham moxa devices and an introduction to a recently developed device that needs further validation.

Objective To evaluate the influence of Jinsanzhen therapy (A 3-point acupuncture method created by prof.JIN) on the motor function and activities of daily life of the apoplectic hemiplegia patients.Methods Totally 135 apoplectic hemiplegia patients were randomized into three groups:Jinsanzhen group,Rehabilitation group,and Jinsanzhen plus rehabilitation group,with 45 cases in each.The degree of hemiplegia motor function and activities of daily life of the patients was assessed with Fugl-Meyer assessment (FM) and Barthel index before,14 and 28 days after treatment.Results After 14 and 28 days' treatment,the FM value and Barthel index score of all the three groups are significantly increased (P

The present paper is to study the center line of the plantar pressure of normal young people, and to find the relation between center line of the plantar pressure and gait stability and balance. The paper gives the testing principle and calculating methods for geometric center of plantar pressure distribution and the center of pressure due to the techniques of footprint frame. The calculating formulas in both x direction and y direction are also deduced in the paper. In the experiments carried out in our laboratory, the gait parameters of 131 young subjects walking as usual speed were acquired, and 14 young subjects of the total were specially analyzed. We then provided reference data for the walking gait database of young people, including time parameters, space parameters and plantar pressure parameters. We also obtained the line of geometry center and pressure center under the foot. We found that the differences existed in normal people's geometric center line and the pressure center line. The center of pressure trajectory revealed foot movement stability. The length and lateral changes of the center line of the plantar pressure could be applied to analysis of the plantar pressure of all kinds of people. The results in this paper are useful in clinical foot disease diagnosis and evaluation of surgical effect.
Foot ; physiology ; Gait ; Humans ; Pressure ; Reference Values ; Walking

Objective: To evaluate the effects of 650 nm-10.6 μm combined laser in patients with knee Osteoarthritis (OA) and to determine whether the combined laser provides greater pain relief and improved function compared with red light. Methods: Forty-eight patients with knee OA were randomly allocated to two groups (24 per group), receiving 20 rain irradiation with 650 nm -10.6 μm combined laser or red light emitting diode respectively on point Dubi (ST 35) 3 times a week for the first course (2 weeks) and twice a week for the second one (4 weeks). The main outcome measures were WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) scores. In addition, patients' global assessment, adverse effects and validation of patient blinding were analyzed. Results: All the patients completed the first course, but 12 were lost during the second one. Due to the high dropout rate by the second course, only the data acquired from the first course could be analyzed. No differences of general data of patients and WOMAC scores were found in between-group comparison before treatment (P>0.05). The WOMAC scores of patients in both combined laser group and red light group reduced significantly compared to baseline by the end of the first course (P<0.01). There were no significant differences on the reduction rate of WOMAC scores between two groups (P>0.05). Neither the patients' global assessment nor the dropout rate showed statistical differences between two groups (P>0.05). There was no difference between two groups in patients correctly guessing the treatment assignment (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the reduction rate of WOMAC scores and the patients' global assessment between patients who guessed their assignment (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both combined laser and red light irradiation are beneficial to patients with knee OA. But as the statistical indifferences between two groups, the authors can't conclude from this study whether the combined laser is more effective.

A model of fluid dynamics related to the myocardial bridginged and mural coronary artery was designed and manufactured according to the physical principle and characteristic of the mural coronary artery. The model can imitate systematically well the effect of myocardial bridging on hemodynamic change of the mural coronary artery under different controlled experimental parameter. The methodology is proved to be feasible and has good prosperity of experimental study.
Coronary Vessels ; physiology ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Myocardial Bridging

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical results and the value of the posterior approach 360° vertebral canal decompression and transfacet discectomy combined with interbody fusion and pedicle screw internal fixation for the treatment of ossifying thoracic disc herniation.

METHODSThirty nine cases of ossifying thoracic disc herniation who accepted the posterior approach 360° vertebral canal decompression and transfacet discectomy combined with interbody fusion and pedicle screw internal fixation were included in this study. There were 21 male and 18 female patients. The age ranged from 33 to 69 years, with an average of 53 years. The course of disease ranged from 1 month to 18 months, with an average of 6.5 months. The lesion locations were T7-8 for 1 case, T8-9 for 4 cases, T9-10 for 9 cases, T10-11 for 7 cases, T11-12 for 10 cases, T12-L1 for 6 cases, and both T11-12 and T12-L1 for 2 cases. The clinical results were evaluated by Otani scored system.

RESULTSThe operative time was from 2.5 to 5.0 hours, with average of 3.3 hours. The blood loss was from 400 to 2 000 ml, with average of 850 ml. All patients were successfully operated without neurological symptoms aggravation and accidents. The followed-up period was 24 to 60 months, mean 40.5 months. According to Otani scored system, there were excellent results in 16 cases and good results in 18 cases. The clinical satisfaction rate was 87.2%. All obtained bony fusion without instrument failure.

CONCLUSIONPosterior approach 360° vertebral canal decompression and transfacet discectomy combined with interbody fusion and pedicle screw internal fixation is a safe and effective surgical procedure for the treatment of ossifying thoracic disc herniation.

Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; Treatment Outcome

For thousands of years, moxibustion has been used for various diseases in China and other Asian countries. Despite the recent surge in Chinese herbal studies, few randomized controlled trials have been conducted on this modality, possibly due to the lacking of suitable double blinding methodology. This is a review of extant sham moxa devices and an introduction to a recently developed device that needs further validation.
Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic