Objective To observe the effects of repeated dosing of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) or 7.5% sodium chloride on brain edema after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. Methods 167 male SD rats were divided into four groups randomly: Sham operation group (S, n=20), ICH control group (M, n=38), 7.5% sodium chloride group (N, n=55) and 6% hydroxyethyl starch group (H, n=54). The model of the ICH was established with stereotactically infusing 50 μl of the autologous femoral artery blood into the right caudate nucleus. group N and group H received 7.5% sodium chloride 5 ml/kg and 6% hydroxyethyl starch 30 ml/kg at 2 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after operation respectively. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the tissue around the hemorrhage were measured at different time point. Results The IL-6 in group N was significantly more than that in group M at 24 h and 72 h after infusion (P<0.05), and the TNF-α in group H was less than that in group M at 24 h and 48 h after infusion (P<0.05). The SOD in group M decreased to the bottom at 48 h and 72h after ICH. SOD in group N and group H at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after infusion was both significant more than that in group M (P<0.05). MDA in group H at 72 h after infusion was less than that in group M (P<0.05). Conclusion Repeated infusion of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) or 7.5% sodium chloride can decrease inflammatory response of brain tissue after ICH, which may protect brain from oxidative damage.

Objective To investigate the effects of repeated administrations of 6% hydroxyethy] starch (HES) 130/0.4 or 7.5 % NaCl (NS) on brain water content (BWC) after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats.Methods One hundred and sixty-seven male SD mrs weighing 260-300 g were randomly divided into 4 groups: group Ⅰ sham operation (S) (n = 20) ;group Ⅱ ICH (n = 38) ;group Ⅲ NS + ICH (n = 55) and group Ⅳ HES + 1CH (n = 54). The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10% chloral hydrate 400 mg/kg. Experimental ICH was produced by injection of fresh autologous blood 50 μl into right caudate nucleus. In group NS (group Ⅲ) 7.5% NaCl 5 ml/kg and in group HES (group Ⅳ) 6% HES 30 ml/kg were injected at 2, 24, 48 and 72 h after ICH. In group S and ICH (group Ⅰ and Ⅱ) 5 animals were killed at 2, 24, 48 and 72 h after ICH, while in group Ⅲ (NS) and Ⅳ (HES) 5 animals were killed at 2, 24, 48 and 72 h after ICH, immediately before and after NS/HES infusion for determination of ipsilateral and contralateral cerebral cortex and basal ganglion, weight and W/D weight ratio. Rosenberger behavior scores and survival rates were also recorded. Results In group Ⅲ (NS + ICH) and Ⅳ (HES + ICH) the water content of ipsilateral cerebral cortex and basal ganglion was significantly lower than in group Ⅱ (ICH). Rosenberger behavior scores at 24 h and 48 h after ICH were significantly lower in group NS and HES than in group Ⅱ (ICH) . The survival rates at 24, 48 and 72 h after ICH were significandy lower in group Ⅱ than in group NS and HES, especially at 72 h in group HES. Conclusion Repeated administrations of 6% HES 130/0.4 or 7.5% NaCl can ameliorate brain edema after ICH.

Objective To discuss the imaging manifestations and clinical characteristics of Askin tumor.Methods 12 cases of Askin tumor confirmed by surgically and histopathologically were included in this study.The MSCT signs and clinical data were summarized.Results In 12 cases of Askin tumor,7 cases located in the chest wall;7 case were hospitalised with rapid enlargementd painful lump(58.3%,7/12).9 cases were performed surgery and postoperative radio chemotherapy,6 patients experienced metastatic or recurrent tumors during the following year(66.7%,6/9).Askin tumor often occurred in the chest-lung junction region,had the diameters of 2.0-13.0 cm,11 cases showed inhomogeneous density (91.7%,11/12), 1 case showed calcification (8.3%,1/12), ill-defined margin(100%,12/12),12 cases showed intense but inhomogeneous enhancement following contrast administrationin (100%,12/12),11 cases had the feature of pleura invasion (91.7%,11/12), 9 cases with pleural effusion(75.0%,9/12), 1 case with swollen lymph nodes in mediastinum(8.3%,1/12), and 4 cases with lytic lesion of adjacent bone(33.3%,4/12).Conclusion Askin tumor often occurrs in the chest-lung junction region with rapid enlargementd painful lump as the primary symptom;the tumor show the infiltration diffuse growth;calcification and adjacent lymph node metastasis is not very common.

Objective: To study the executive functions of the top soldiers with excellent military skills.Methods: One group of top soldiers with excellent military skills and one group of common soldiers were tested by the Stroop task,the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST),and the Trail Making Test.Results: The top soldiers get significantly fewer errors in Stroop task,and spent significantly less time in Trail Making-A,Trail Making-B,and showed significantly fewer perservative responses(PR),and lower percent of perservative errors(PE%) than the common soldiers.Conclusion: The top soldiers with excellent military skills had higher level of executive functions,such as inhibitory control,and mental flexibility.

Objective In order to assess the present status of the prophylaxis and the eliminating process for iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Guizhou province. Methods Guiyang, Douyun and Kaili regions were selected as IDD monitoring spots of Guizhou province. In these districts, the monitoring indicators for IDD were determined and compared with those ten years ago. Results From 1999 to 2000 in Guiyang, Douyun and Kaili: (1) Themeansofiodineconcentrationiniodized salt of households were 43.6 mg/kg, 43.2 mg/kg and 45.3 mg/kg, respectively, and the qualified rates were 97.5%, 95.8% and 97.9%, respectively, all of them were obviously higher than those ten years ago (P5 mIU/L were in 18.0%, 21.8% and 20.0% infants, respectively, obviously descended from those ten years ago (P

1.5 cm in diameter) are significant risk factors for the failure of stone clearance. Prophylactic cholecystectomy of an acalculous gallbladder is unnecessary.

Regeneration of injured peripheral nerve is one of the recent research focuses. Many inspiring achievements have been made in such fields as choice of seeding cell source and proliferation in vitro. It is hopeful that nerve regeneration may be enhanced by combining the new techniques with microsurgery. In this paper, design and fabrication principles, key technologies, various applications, and new directions in the field of tissue engineered nerve are introduced. Much of this paper is devoted to the discussion of tissue engineered nerve in repair of peripheral nerve injury.

Aim To investigate the effect of melatonin (MT) and pentoxifylline (PTX) on hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) in rat. Methods 128 rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, MT treated group, PTX treated group and PTX+MT group (combined group). Those operation procedures including occlusion the inflow to the liver 35 minutes, hepatectomy and reperfusion, were underwent by the animals. The following items were investigated: liver function, endothelin 1 (ET 1), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and one week survival. Results The following changes were detected after the liver ischemia: ①Liver function: the increased scopes of ALT and LDH were significantly lower in treatment groups, especially in the combined group than that in control one; ②ET 1: the levers of ET 1 were significantly increased in every group, especially the control group; ③MT function: the increased scopes of MDA and SOD were significantly lower in MT groups (including MT treated and combined groups) than that in others; ④PTX function: the increased scopes of TNF ? were significantly lower in PTX groups (including PTX treated and combined groups) with a higher rate of survival than that in others. Conclusion ①MT could reverse the oxidative damage, but cannot affect the rate of survival; ②PTX can decrease the secretion of cytokine and the one week survival; ③Based on the synergistic effects, the application of MT+PTX may have beneficial effects against the I/R injury to increase the survival.

A total of 1512 adult inhabitants were randomly recruited in Zhaiji district of Guiyang city in September2009.The levels of triglyceride (TG),systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and the prevalences of abdominal obesity and hypertension increased significantly in the subclinical hypothyroidism group conpared to the euthyroid group (P＜0.05).The prevalences of high TG,low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the subgroup Ⅳ were higher than the subgroup Ⅰ (P＜0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that TSH was positively related to TG (P＜0.05).Logistic regression demonstrated that TSH was a risk factor for MS.Either in the euthyroid or total subjects serum TSH levels in the MS group were significantly higher than those in non-MS group(P＜0.05).

Objective To study the variation of serum thyroid hormones in each trimester of pregnancy and their relationship with thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb).Methods Three-hundred and seventy-seven pregnant women in different trimesters were enrolled,the serum TSH,FT3,FT4,TT3,TT4,and TPOAb were determined by ICMA assay.Results Serun TSH in normal pregnant group was gradually increased as the pregnant trimester grew up ( all P＜0.05 ).The median of TSH in positive TPOAb group was higher than that of negative TPOAb group( P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of both clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism in positive TPOAb group were also higher than those in negative TPOAb group( all P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of subclinical hypothyroidism were 23.61％ and 18.04％,while those of clinical hypothyroidism were 0.27％ and 5.84％ by using TT4 and FT4 determination,respectively( P＜0.05 ).Conclusions More attention should be paid to the difference between FT4 and TT4 in hypothyroidism diagnosis during both second and third trimesters of pregnancy.Establishment of normal thyroid hormoues cut-off points in each trimester of pregnancy and screening for TPOAb is necessary.