AIM:To investigate LPS(lipopolysaccharide)stimulated cytokine secretion from normal rat kupffer cells in vitro. METHODS: Kupffer cells were isolated from wistar rats liver and cultured. Tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF- α) and endothelin- 1 (ET- 1 ) secreted by LPS stimulated kupffer cells were detected. RESULTS: LPS had an stimulative effect on kupffer cell activity. LPS in definite concentrations promoted kupffer cell secretion. CONCLUSION: LPS promotes kupffer cell secretion, which may be associated with liver injury induced by LPS.

Objective To investigate the potential role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) in apoptosis after combined liver and kidney transplantation in rats. Methods Eighty rats which had combined liver and kidney transplantation were randomly paired, were divided into study group (n=20) and control group (n=20). 40 ml of 4 ℃ sodium chloride and anti-TNF-? monoclonal antibody (30 ml was infused from portal veins to donated livers and 10 ml from renal arteries to donated kidneys) were infused to the study group (0.1 mg/kg weight),and the same quantity of 4 ℃ sodium chloride was infused the control group. Venous blood was drew at different phases after the transplantations to detect the function of kidney and liver. The level of TNF-? and the cell apoptosis were detected in the transplanted tissues of liver and kidney by ELISA and terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase mediated dTUP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Results The levels of AST, ACT, Cr and BUN in the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group at the same phases (P

AIM:To investigate LPS(lipopolysaccharide)stimulated cytokine secretion from normal rat kupffer cells in vitro. METHODS: Kupffer cells were isolated from wistar rats liver and cultured.Tumor necrosis factor -? (TNF-?) and endothelin-1(ET-1) secreted by LPS stimulated kupffer cells were detected. RESULTS: LPS had an stimulative effect on kupffer cell activity. LPS in definite concentrations promoted kupffer cell secretion.CONCLUSION: LPS promotes kupffer cell secretion, which may be associated with liver injury induced by LPS.

Objective To compare the efficacy and adverse reactions between floxuridine (FUDR) and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor.Methods 111 trophoblastic tumor patients of Ⅱ-Ⅲ stage including 62 cases of in vasive mole and 49 cases of choriocarcinoma were analyzed retrospectinely.The patients were divided into FUDR+KSM group (55 cases) and 5-Fu+KSM group (56 cases).FUDR was according to 23 mg/kg·d phleb instillation,keeping 8 hours,KSM was according to 6 μg/kg·d phleb instillation,keeping 4 hours.5-Fu was according to 26 mg/kg·d phleb instillation,keeping 8 hours.KSM was according to 6 μg/kg·d phleb instillation,keeping 4 hours.Both the two programs were 8 days.Results The cure rate was 98 ％ (54/55) in FUDR+DSM group,and that was 96 ％ (54/56) in 5-Fu+KSM group.The incidence rates of phlebophlogosis,dental ulcer and alopecie in the FUDR+KSM group were obviously lower than those in 5-Fu+KSM group [29.1％ (16/55) vs 85.7 ％ (48/56),54.5 ％ (30/55) vs 98.2 ％(55/56),21.8 ％ (12/55) vs 89.3 ％ (50/56),all P ＜ 0.05].Both the FUDR+KSM group and the 5-Fu+KSM group bad significant differences at phlebophlogosis dental ulcer and alopecie in Ⅲ stages.Conclusion The curative effect of the FUDR is aimilar with the 5-Fu,but the drug consumption of the FUDR is less.The incidence rates of dental ulcer,alopecie,and phlebophlogosis are less,but myelosuppression and alvi profluvium are rcscmble between the two sets.

In order to evaluate the pathogenisis, definite the position and mechanism of ovarian dysfunction. Methods Pi-tuitarygonadal hormones ,-.P and prolactin (PRL) were measured in 25 premenopausal hemodialysis women using enzyme im-munoassay (E3A). Results Patients' serum PRL levels significantly elevated, FSFKLH levels also elevated, whereas P levels were obviously lower compared with normal women. Conclusion (1) Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis was impaired in uremia women as indicated by the prevalence of acydicity and the failure of LH,E2 levels and marked low P levels. (2)In uremia women clomiphenum stimulation test was positive suggested that the pituitary-ovarian axis were normal, whereas hypothalamic was impaired. (3) Hyperprolactinemia, owing to increased pituitary prolactin secretion. Suppression with bromocriptine was unstable. (4) During dialysis, symptom treating is suitable rather than trigger the ovalation. Successful renal transplantation is the best treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of hepatic microcirculatory disturbance induced by intestinal endotoxemia in liver injury. Methods The model of rats with intestinal endotoxemia induced by thioacetamide(TAA) was established. 25 Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups as normal control group (N), Heparin control group(H), TAA treated group(T), and TAA + heparin treated group(T +H). The changes of plasma biochemistry and hepatic histopathology were measured. Results The plasma endotoxin level, alanine transaminase (ALT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in TAA treated rats were markedly higher than that in the control ones (P < 0.05), while plasma endotoxin level was lower ( P > 0.05) and ALT as well as MDA were decreased significantly ( P < 0.05) in TAA + heparin group than in TAA group. Conclusion Intestinal endotoxemia could induce disturbance of hepatic microcirculation, which results in ischemia and hypoxia of liver cell. Heparin could not only correct disturbance of hepatic microcirculation induced by intestinal endotoxemia, but also reduce liver injury induced by ischemia and hypoxia.

Objective To study the variation of serum thyroid hormones in each trimester of pregnancy and their relationship with thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb).Methods Three-hundred and seventy-seven pregnant women in different trimesters were enrolled,the serum TSH,FT3,FT4,TT3,TT4,and TPOAb were determined by ICMA assay.Results Serun TSH in normal pregnant group was gradually increased as the pregnant trimester grew up ( all P＜0.05 ).The median of TSH in positive TPOAb group was higher than that of negative TPOAb group( P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of both clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism in positive TPOAb group were also higher than those in negative TPOAb group( all P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of subclinical hypothyroidism were 23.61％ and 18.04％,while those of clinical hypothyroidism were 0.27％ and 5.84％ by using TT4 and FT4 determination,respectively( P＜0.05 ).Conclusions More attention should be paid to the difference between FT4 and TT4 in hypothyroidism diagnosis during both second and third trimesters of pregnancy.Establishment of normal thyroid hormoues cut-off points in each trimester of pregnancy and screening for TPOAb is necessary.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of dexmedetomidine sedation in interventional neuroradiology operations.Methods Eighty-five cases ASA grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade patients undergoing cerebral angiography according to age divided into two groups:old group(more than 60 years old,35 cases) and young group (18-59 years old,50 cases).The loading dose of dexmedetomidine were dexmedetomidine 0.5 μ g/kg in old group and 1.0 μ g/kg in young group,respectively.The loading dose was administered for 10 min followed by continuous infusion dexmedetomidine 0.5 μ g/ (kg· h).Blood pressure,heart rate (HR),peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and respiratory rate (RR),Ramsay score and bispectral index(BIS) were monitored and recorded during the study.Results The BIS,Ramsay score after administration 10,15,30,45 min in two groups was significantly longer than that before administration [old group:84 ±22,83 ±22,85 ± 15,75 ±23 vs.94 ±5; (2.0 ±0.4),(2.3 ±0.6),(2.8 ±0.7),(3.0 ±0.7)scores vs.(1.7 ± 0.5) scores; young group:91 ± 8,89 ± 11,86 ± 12,81 ± 13 vs.96 ± 2; (1.9 ± 0.6),(2.3 ±0.7),(2.7 ± 0.9),(3.0 ± 0.9) scores vs.(1.6 ± 0.5) scores,P ＜ 0.05].The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,mean arterial pressure (MAP) after administration 10,15,30,45 min in two groups was significantly longer than that before administration [old group:(152 ± 23),(144 ± 23),(140 ± 21),(135 ±21) mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(165 ± 25) mm Hg; (87 ± 11),(83 ± 11),(78 ± 8),(75 ± 8) mm Hg vs.(89± 13)mm Hg;(106±14),(100±13),(99±12),(95±12)mm Hg vs.(113±16)mm Hg;young group:(131 ± 24),(127 ± 23),(124 ± 25),(124 ± 26) mm Hg vs.(142 ± 23) mm Hg; (81 ± 13),(79±13),(77±13),(76±13)mmHgvs.(86± 14) mmHg;(97±16),(94±16),(91±19),(92±20) mm Hg vs.(104 ± 19) mm Hg,P ＜0.05],but the decreases in blood pressure were ＜20％ from baseline.The HR,RR and SpO2 was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine sedation during cerebral angiography has little effect on hemodynamics,no significant respiratory depression,is safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the influence of pregnancy on graft after renal transplantation. Methods Clinic data from 13 female transplant recipients with pregnant duration more than 5 months from May 1978 to March 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Immunosuppressive programs: 4 patients received CsA plus Pred, 5 CsA, MMF plus Pred, and 4 FK506, MMF plus Pred. Among the 13 cases, 10 had successful pregnancies with stable graft function; one died of pulmonary infection and cardiac insufficiency with functioning graft after delivery (the baby was safe); 2 experienced chronic rejection proven by biopsy, getting graft lost and pregnancy terminated: one returned to hemodialysis till now and one received successful retransplantation after 1 year hemodialysis. 11 offerings are healthy by now.Conclusion Patient/kidney survival in our study was 76.9?% . Our data and literature have demonstrated that pregnancy has no effect on graft long term survival or function. It is advisable in a woman of childbearing age with a well functioning renal graft 2 years after transplantation, but must be considered risk. Chronic rejection is a risk factor for graft loss following pregnancy. FK506,CsA and MMF have no side effect on newborns.

Objective To compare the characteristics and differences of the activation of the brain regions between the digital memory span task and digital working memory task.Methods 12 right-handed volunteers participated in a test of 7-digit memory span and a test of 2-digit working memory respectively, while the functional MR imaging (fMRI) data were recorded by a Seimens 1.5 T MR machine. Two control tasks were performed respectively and stimulation paradigms was block-design. SPM 99 was used to analyze the data and to localize the activated brain regions.Results The Brodmann area (BA) 6, 9 and 47 regions in the frontal lobe, the BA 7 and 40 regions in the parietal lobe, the cingulate gyrus, the hippocampus structures, the striatum and the cerebellum were activated by both tasks in comparison to their control tasks. Bilateral BA 18 and 19 regions of the occipital lobe without hemisphere predominance were the most activated regions by the digital memory span task, and the BA 37 region of the temporal lobe was also activated. However, the frontal lobe with left predominance was the most activated region by the digital working memory.Conclusion Different brain regions play distinct roles in different short-term digital memory tasks, and might be involved in different stages. The fMRI is a good tool for exploring the process of digits in the brain.