BACKGROUND: At present, the proof of the cerebral protective effects of desflurane on morphology is insufficient and the mechanism is unclear.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cerebral protective effects of desflurane on complete cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and its impacts on gene expression related with apoptosis and stress response.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Departments of anesthesiology and neurosurgery in a university hospital.MATERIALS: The study was conducted in Beijing Neurosurgery Institute Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Sciences between February 2003and February 2004. Seventeen adult male Wister rats were randomly divided into ischemia group ( n = 7), desflurane group ( n = 7) and sham-operation group ( n = 3 ).INTERVENTIONS: Rat complete cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established. Desflurane was immediately inhaled for 1 hour after the beginning of reperfusion in rats of desflurane group. Brains of were harvested from 3 rats of either ischemia group or desflurane group after 1 hour of reperfusion (after 1 hour of operation in sham-operation group) and the cortical ultrastructural changes were observed under electron microscope. The rest 4 rats of either ischemia group or desflurane group were used for the analysis of the variable expression of genes related with apoptosis and stress response by gene chip combined image analysis technique.variable expression of genes related with apoptosis and stress response analyzed by gene chip.RESULTS: Compared with ischemia group, desflurane group had less neuronal pyknosis with almost normal cell organs and ultrastructure in neurons. Compared with ischemia group, the apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (APAF1) of desflurane group down-regulated.CONCLUSION: Desflurane might have protective effects on neurons and cell skeleton and its mechanism might be related with APAF1 down-regulation.

Objective To discuss the application of transanal placement of ileus tube in treatment of colonic obstruction in left colorectal cancer.Methods Thirty-two patients with left malignant colorectal obstruction were divided into ordinary colonoscope group (16 cases) and superslim endoscope group (16 cases) by random digits table.The catheter success rate,catheter operating time and exposure to X-ray time was compared between two groups.Results Fifteen cases were successful and 1 case was failed in ordinary colonoscope group.Thirteen cases were successful and 3 cases were failed in superslim endoscope group.There was no significant difference in the catheter success rate between two groups (x2 =1.143,P =0.285).The catheter operating time was (42 + 15),(20 +6) min in ordinary colonoscope group and superslim endoscope group,and there was significant difference between two groups (t =3.895,P =0.005).The exposure to X-ray time was (20 + 12),(5 + 2) min,and there was significant difference between two groups (t =-3.596,P =0.007).Conclusion Transanal placement of ileus tube is more successful and convenient by superslim endoscope combined with anesthesia than by ordinary colonoscope.

【Objective】 To investigate the main causes of blood donor deferral in domestic blood center. 【Methods】 The causes of donor deferral were classified into 12 categories as previous medical history, drug use, alcohol consumption, menstrual period, underweight, abnormal blood pressure, abnormal body temperature, abnormal hemoglobin (Hb), lipemic blood, positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and others according to the comparison indicators of Asia-Pacific Blood Network (APBN) and the national standard Blood Donor Health Examination Requirements. The relevant data of the top 3 causes of donor deferral, voluntarily reported by the members of Practice Comparison Working Group of China’s Mainland Blood Collection and Supply Institutions from 2014 to 2019, were collected and a histogram was generated. 【Results】 The median donor deferral rate of 20 domestic blood centers from 2014 to 2019 was 12.14%, with the lowest at 0.18% and highest at 32.32%, respectively. The top three causes for donor deferral were elevated ALT, abnormal Hb and abnormal blood pressure in year 2014, 2015, 2018 and 2019; elevated ALT, lipemic blood and abnormal blood pressure in 2016; elevated ALT, abnormal Hb, and lipemic blood in 2017. 【Conclusion】 The main causes of donor deferral were elevated ALT, abnormal Hb, abnormal blood pressure and lipemic blood.