Objective To explore cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) phenotype.Methods This study was a prospective follow-up study which included subjects with PCOS phenotype admitted from Jan.1st, 2005 to Dec.31st, 2007 in Gynecology Department of Dongyang People's Hospital.These subjects were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of PCOS phe -notype and were followed .Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival rate .The survival difference be-tween the two groups was compared using the log-rank test.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the independent risk factors of major adverse cardiac events ( MACE) .Results 11 patients in non-PCOS phenotype group had MACE , and 6 patients in PCOS phenotype group had MACE .PCOS phenotype group had a significantly decreased MACE-free survival(χ2 =4.957,P=0.026).Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that low level of HDL-C, presence of PCOS phenotype and high level of hs-CRP were independent predictors for MACE .Conclusion PCOS phenotype is an independent risk factor for car-diovascular disease in postmenopausal women , help to make further risk stratification and shows cardiovascular disease is closely related to PCOS .

Objective To explore the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver (NFALD)and apolipoprotein E (ApoE)gene polymorphism in Shanghai undergraduate students. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed in 4 148 students from Shanghai Tongji University. Quesgionary, physical measurement, ultrasonography and biochemical parameters were used to diagnose NFALD. In patients with NAFLD and 200 healthy subjects (served as control), ApoE genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP. Results (1)Totally 398 subjects were diagnosed as NAFLD (prevalence 9.6%). Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, triglycerides, total cholesterol, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyltransferase in NAFLD group were higher than those in control, which were related to the degree of NAFLD (P＜0.01). (2)ApoE genotypes distributions were significantly different between two groups (χ2=10.52, P＜0.01). In NAFLD,E4/4 genotype frequency (5.5%)increased, and E3/3 (61.8%)decreased . (3)Unconditional logistic regression showed that E4/4 were closely associated with lipid profiles. Conclusion ApoE point mutations 112 and 158 may cause different dyslipidosis. E4/4 genotype seems to be one of the genetic predisposition factors of NAFLD.

Objective To investigate the effect of pancreatic ? cell dysfunction on abnormal glucose tolerance during Graves hyperthyroidism. Methods We investigated 6 healthy people and 36 Graves disease patients with abnormal glucose tolerance, and determined blood sugar and insulin at 0, 60 and 120 minutes after breakfast respectively. Then the HOMA-IR, HOMA-? and ISI were compared between the two groups. Results The HOMA-IR in the Graves disease patients with abnormal glucose tolerance is evidently higher than in the healthy subjects (P

Objective] To explore the theoretical origin, clinical application method, effect and practical significance of the treatment of ectopic pregnancy with blood stasis. [Method] From blood stasis on the treatment by promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, Yiqi Yangxue Huayu Shapei, expelling blood circulation, method to eliminate the disease, stage of treatment, a reasonable choice of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis drugs in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy. [Results] From blood stasis on the treatment of ectopic pregnancy, it can accelerate the beta HCG negative, and speed up the ectopic pregnancy mass absorption, clinical curative effect significantly, the greatest degree of protection of fallopian tube integrity, improve blood circulation, and tubal function recovery, increase after treatment the chances of conception. [Conclusion] Qi stagnation, blood stasis and Qi deficiency and blood stasis are ectopic pregnancy basic pathogenesis, less empirical abdominal blood stasis is the essence of its pathogenesis. The existence of blood stasis in ectopic pregnancy of each type and disease development of the whole process, in the occurrence of the disease, and occupies an important position in the development, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is the basic treatment, should be in clinical dialectical treatment of the whole process of fusion.

Object To develop a method for the quality control of Astrgalus membranaceus (Fisch ) Bge powder for injection (AMPI) Methods TLC spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of astragaloside A in AMPI The mobile phase was chloroform methanol water (65∶30∶10) and detected at the wave length of 418 nm Results The regression equation within the spotted range of 80~240 ?g was A=1 538 C+ 0 189, with good linearity, r=0 999 8 The average recovery rate was 98 68% and RSD=2 52%(n=5) Conclusion The method used simple and easily available instruments and the rusults obtained were reliable and specific, suitable for the quality control of AMPI

Among inorganic salts tested, K 2HPO 4 was more essential to the sclerotia for mation and carotenogenesis of strain PT95 than KCl, MgSO 4 or FeSO 4 It wa s also shown that the combination of K 2HPO 4, KCl and MgSO 4 could produce t he best positive cooperation and give the highest sclerotia biomass (782mg/plate ) and pigment yield (328 ?g/plate) Five carbon sources, i e glucose sucros e, lactose, maltose and soluble starch, all could be utilized by the strain PT95 , and maltose was the best Among 8 nitrogen sources, yeast extract favooured t he sclerotia formation, and peptone fovoured the pigment accumulation; amine sal ts and urea were unfavourable to form sclerotia The medium containing 0 24 ～ 0 48 g/L sodium nitrate nitrogen was effective to both the sclerotia formation and the carotenoid production of strain PT95 when available maltose carbon con centrations were at 5 26～21 05 g/L The optimal C/N ratio was found to be 25 ∶1

Objective To investigate the effects of humanistic care on primiparas' role competency during pregnancy and delivery.Methods Data of 21 cases were collected using semi-structured interviews and phenomenological qualitative method was used to analyze the data.Results The effects of humanistic care on maternal role competency during pregnancy included:to participate in related curriculum,to get ready for delivery actively.The effects of humanistic care on maternal role competency during delivery included:nurses' carefulness gave psychological support,nurses' instruction gave professional support,nurses' encouragement gave spiritual power,nurses' support enhanced belief,successful delivery experience gave.satisfaction.Conclusions Humanistic nursing is helpful to improve delivery experience,to increase maternal satisfaction and confidence,to promote matemal role competency and harmonious relationship between mothers and nurses.

To develop a method for the quality control of Astrgalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. powder for injection (AMPI). Methods　TLC-spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of astragaloside A in AMPI. The mobile phase was chloroform-methanol-water (65∶30∶10) and detected at the wave length of 418 nm. Results　The regression equation within the spotted range of 80～240 μg was A=1.538 C+ 0.189, with good linearity, r=0.999 8. The average recovery rate was 98.68% and RSD=2.52%(n=5). Conclusion　The method used simple and easily available instruments and the rusults obtained were reliable and specific, suitable for the quality control of AMPI.

Objective To research the acute adverse effects of air pollution on the risk of stroke in the air pollution exposed people.Methods Daily counts of strokes occurrence (2004-2007) were obtained from the population-based stroke registry in one district of Shanghai.Air pollution data was obtained from the Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center.A semi-parametric generalized additive model was used to study the acute effects of air pollution on stroke occurrence after controlling for long-term and seasonal trends,weather variables,and day of the week.Results The relative risks of stroke occurrence for per 10 ?g/m3 increase of PM10,SO2 and NO2 were 1.02 (95%CI:1.01-1.03),1.05 (95%CI:1.04-1.06) and 1.09 (95%CI:1.08-1.10),respectively.Conclusion The study has provided a new evidence for the association between air pollution and risk of stroke occurrence.

Objective To study the molecular mechanism of MPTP-induced neuronal degeneration of substantia nigra in C57BL mice. Methods The C57BL mice model of Parkinson's disease were prepared by peritoneal administration of MPTP. These differentially expressed sequenced tags (EST) were obtained with mRNA differential display technique. Reverse Northern blotting was employed to eliminate the false positive ESTs. The true positive EST were cloned and sequenced. Results One of the two specific EST in degenerative substantia nigra was sequensed to be 121 bp and showed low homology with human v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene (abl) exon 1b. Conclusions Our data suggested that MPTP may induce altered expression of promoting apoptotic genes to cause neuronal degeneration in substantia nigra.