AIM: To investigate the pharmacokinetic properties and bioequivalence of nifedipine sustained-release tablets after multiple doses administration in healthy volunteers. METHODS: Twenty two male healthy volunteers were enrolled in a randomized two-way crossover design with multiple doses (20 mg·d-1×7 d) study. Nitrendipine was used as the internal standard and the concentrations of nifedipine in plasma were determined by HPLC-APCI-MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and the bioequivalence were compared by DAS (ver 1.0) program. RESULTS: The pharmacokinetic parameters of test and reference preparations were as follows: Cmax (52.5±27.4) and (54.0±31.2) ng·ml-1;Cmin (5.4±4.1) and (6.2±5.9) ng·ml-1;Cav (16.8±9.2) and (19.3±12.4) ng·ml-1;Tmax (3.7±0.9) and (4.1±1.1) h;t1/2 (8.9±4.9) and (8.5±3.1) h;AUC0-τ (403.4±221.0) and (461.9±296.6) μg·h·L-1, AUC0-36h (444.4±256.1) and (503.1±330.9) ng·h·ml-1;AUC0-∞ (482.1±268.9) and (542.3±348.4) ng·h·ml-1;DF (299.8±117.7)% and (279.2±97.5)%, respectively. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in Tmax, Cmax, Cmin, Cav, DF, AUC0-τ, AUC0-36h, AUC0-∞ and t1/2 between the two preparations. The relative bioavailability of test tablets was (100.6±38.6)%. CONCLUSION:The test and reference preparations were bioequivalence.

Objective To compare the hemostasis effect of Sanguisorbae Radix (SR) and charred Sanguisorbae Radix (CSR) before and after baking.Methods Totally 60 Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups:control group,Yunnan Baiyao (positive drug group,0.667 g/kg),SR high and low dose (8,2 gcrude drug/kg) group,and CSR high and low dose (8,2 gcrude drug/kg) group.Mice were continuously ig with relatively drug once a day for 3 d.The bleeding time and clotting time were tested 1 h after the last administration,the prothrombin time (PT),thrombin time (TT),and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were detected by blood coagulation analyzer,and the number of platelet was count.Results Compared with control group,SR of high dose,and CSR of high and low doses can obviously shorten the bleeding time,clotting time,PT,TT,and APTT.SR of high and low doses and CSR of high dose can elevate the blood platelets count.Compared with SR high dose group,CSR of high dose can obviously shorten the PT,TT,bleeding time,and clotting time,but could not be statistically significant on the blood platelets count and APTT.Conclusion SR and CSR have different hemostasis mechanisms,the function of hemostasis was more effective after charcoal by baking.

Objective To analyze the application effect of standardized colostomy irrigation nursing in rectal cancer patients with Miles operation.Methods 126 rectal cancer patients underwent Miles operation were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,63 cases in each group.The patients of the control group were treated with traditional colostomy natural defecation ostomy care model,and the patients of the observation group were given standardized colostomy irrigation nursing mode.Before and after nursing,the life quality function score,life quality score and individual total care expenses of the two groups were compared.Results Before nursing,the function score and quality of life event scale score between the two groups were compared,and the differences were not statistically significant(all P >0.05).After nursing,physical function[(97.84 ±3.83)points],cognitive function[(96.79 ± 8.77)points],emotional function[(94.57 ±8.76)points],role function[(96.57 ±1.57)points],social function [(92.77 ±6.17)points],nausea and vomiting[(0.56 ±0.23)points],insomnia[(2.64 ±1.78)points],pain [(1.48 ±0.63)points],fatigue[(5.13 ±2.47)points],loss of appetite[(1.76 ±0.83)points]of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group [(90.22 ±3.79)points,(80.99 ±8.74)points, (83.26 ±13.83)points,(78.85 ±3.26)points,(83.67 ±3.45)points,(1.27 ±0.76)points,(12.25 ±3.61)points, (4.08 ±1.67)points,(6.76 ±2.98)points,(3.47 ±1.62)points],there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(t =11.22,10.13,5.48,38.87,10.22,7.10,18.95,11.56,3.34,7.46,all P <0.05).After nursing,the product cost[(1 488.78 ±102.49)yuan],nursing cost[(158.46 ±10.73)yuan],total cost[(1 638.79 ± 106.73)yuan]of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group [(2 070.17 ± 141.78)yuan,(311.17 ±99.32)yuan,(2 380.63 ±212.79)yuan],the differences were statistically significant (t =26.38,12.13,24.73,all P <0.05 ).Conclusion Standardized colostomy irrigation nursing can improve overall quality of life in patients of rectal cancer after Miles operation,reduce the economic and psychological burden,and its application effect is better.

Objective To discuss the expressions and clinicopathologic significances of insulin-like growth factor Ⅱ mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP3)in squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL)and cervical squa-mous cell carcinoma (CSCC)before and after the therapy of radiation and chemotherapy.Methods The expressions of IMP3 in 80 cases of CSCC,90 cases of SIL (60 cases of HSIL,30 cases of LSIL)and 30 cases of cervicitis were detected by immunobistochemistry.The relations between IMP3 and clinicopathological cha-racteristics of CSCC were analyzed.Results The expression rates of IMP3 in CSCC,HSIL,LSIL and cervici-tis were 86.3%(69 /80),78.3%(47 /60),33.3%(10 /30)and 0(0 /30),and the difference among the four groups was statistically signicant (χ2 =87.01,P <0.01).The positive expression rate of IMP3 declined by radiation or chemotherapy (60.0% vs.85.0%,χ2 =5.79,P =0.013).The expression of IMP3 was related with lymph node metastasis (χ2 =3.97,P =0.046),differentiated degree (χ2 =5.95,P =0.018),clinical stage (χ2 =5.82,P =0.016)and invasion depth (χ2 =5.73,P =0.017).There was nothing to do with age (χ2 =0.11,P =0.745).Conclusion IMP3 expresses excessively in CSCC,and is associated with pathologi-cal grade and invasion progress.Radio-chemotherapy can reduce the expression of IMP3.

0.05). Conclusion Comparedwith DSA and operation,there is excellent correlation among 3D contrast-enhanced moving-bed MRA,DSA and operation.MRA canaccurately and entirely assess occlusive disease of the arteries of the lower extremity.It is a ono-invasive,reliable and potential newtechnique.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of using low Kv,low iodine contrast Agent concentration (dual low)CT scan techniques in Coronary CTA (CCTA).Methods Seventy-six patients undergoing CCTA were divided into Group A and Group B , randomly.Group A (38 patients)was the dual-low group,which was scanned with tube voltage of 100 kVp,and injected with iso-osmolarity contrast agent visipaque 270 (270 mg I/mL),with iterative reconstruction technique (ASIR 40%).Group B (38 pa-tients)was scanned with 120 kVp,and low osmolarity contrast agent omnipaque 350 (350 mg I/mL)and FBP reconstruction,The images are assessed double-blindly by two experienced radiologists.Five ROIs were placed onto the ascending root of aorta (AO), left main artery(LM),left anterior descending (LAD),left circumflex artery(LCX),right coronary artery (RCA),and the image qualities are evaluated objectively using CT values,noise,signal noise ratio (SNR),contrast noise ratio (CNR),and compared sta-tistically using Paired t-test.The radiation dosages,such as CTDIvol,DLP and ED were also recorded and compared with Paired t-test.Results CTDIvol,DLP and ED of Group A (dual low)decreased 35.7%,38.6% and 38.6% respectively compared with Group B,the iodine intake decreased 22.9%.While the image qualities of the two groups were not significantly different,all images are good enough for diagnosis,with Group A slightly better than Group B in radiologists’scores.Conclusion Voltage 100 kVp, combined with low contrast agent concentration of 270 mg I/mL can fully satisfy the diagnostics need in CCTA,and significantly lower both the radiation dosage and iodine intake.

Objective To explore the cerebral activation in Xinjiang' Uyghurs when performing a Chinese word tasks by the functional magnetic resonance image (fMRI).Methods Twenty-one healthy Xinjiang' Uyghurs and 11 healthy Hans were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on a 1.5 T MRI scanner with a single run.Different Chinese words were displayed in each block to avoid any practice effect SPM5.0 software was used for image data processing.To evaluate the inter subject consistency of brain activations associated with Chinese character and word reading, we created penetrance maps by combining binary individual functional maps.Results For Uyghur-Chinese bilingual subjects, activations related to generated a word that was semantically related to each stimulus.The results indicated that reading Chinese is characterized by extensive activity of the neural systems.Peak activations occurred in the left middle frontal cortex at Brodmann Areas (BA9 and BA 47).The left temporal (BA 37) cortices were also strongly activated.Other important activated areas included bilateral visual systems (BA 17-19) and cerebellum.The location of peak activation in the left frontal regions was similar in Native Uyghurs and Hans.But the active areas in Uyghurs are more extensive than that of Hans .Conclusions The location of peak activation in the left frontal regions was similar in Native Uyghurs and Hans.More brain areas were needed for Xinjiang' Uyghur speakers during processing Chinese words.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adolescents in Haidian District, Beijing, so as to provide insights into tobacco control among adolescents. Methods: The students in junior high school, high school and vocational high school were recruited from Haidian District using the stratified cluster random sampling method in October of 2019, and subjects' demographic features and use of e-cigarettes were collected using the Questionnaire for Survey on Tobacco Prevalence among Adolescents in China in 2019. The factors affecting e-cigarette use were identified among adolescents using the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 658 adolescents were investigated, including 315 junior high school students ( 47.87% ), 221 high school students ( 33.59% ), and 122 vocational high school students ( 18.54% ), and there were 261 boys ( 39.66% ), and 397 girls ( 60.34% ). There were 605 students that had heard of electronic cigarettes ( 91.95% ), 63 students that had used e-cigarettes (9.57%), and 23 students with current use of e-cigarettes ( 3.50% ), and there were 39 students that had never used electronic cigarettes but had a tendency of use in the future ( 6.55% ). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified parental smoking ( OR=2.408, 95%CI: 1.179-4.916 ), close friends' smoking ( OR=3.597, 95%CI: 1.715-7.544 ) and cigarette smoking ( OR=23.029, 95%CI: 11.092-47.812 ) as factors affecting e-cigarette use among adolescents. Conclusions The prevalence of electronic cigarette uses is 9.57% among adolescents in Haidian District, Beijing. Parental smoking, peer smoking and use of cigarettes may facilitate the use of e-cigarettes among adolescents.

Objective To investigate the effect of state anxiety and trait anxiety on attentional orienting of heroin addicts. Methods State anxiety and trait anxiety was measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Forty heroin ad?dicts (36 males and 4 females) and 40 healthy controls (36 males and 4 females) participated in cue-target task. Atten?tional orienting and reorienting were measured in valid cue trials and invalid cue trails. Results Heroin addicts had sig?nificantly greater state anxiety [(42.65 ± 6.58) vs. (36.60 ± 8.91)] and trait anxiety [(44.43 ± 7.67) vs. (37.00 ± 8.63)] values than controls (P<0.05). The state anxiety was significantly correlated with orientation RT difference (r=-0.259, P=0.020) and disengaging/reorientation RT difference (r=0.333, P=0.003) in heroin addicts. Trait anxiety was also significantly cor?related with orientation RT difference (r=-0.248, P=0.026) and disengaging/reorientation RT difference (r=0.356, P=0.001) in heroin addicts. Conclusion Heroin addicts have significantly greater anxiety than healthy controls. Both their state anxiety and trait anxiety are associated with attentional orienting and disengaging/reorienting.

AIM: The distribution of endothelin-1(ET-1) in uterine tube and its source were investigated in order to find out relation between endothelin-1 and function of uterine tube.METHODS: The distribution of endothelin-1 and the expression of ET-1 mRNA in the rabbits uterine tubes were studied using SABC immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization histochemistry with digoxigenin-labelled rat ET-1 cRNA probe. RESULTS: ET-1 granules with red color were seen in the uterine tube epithelial cells and they were located mainly above the cell nucleus and under the cell surface membrane. Less ET-1 granules were seen in the myometrium of uterine tube. ET-1 mRNA positive hybridization signals with deep blue were distributed in the uterine tube epithelial cells. These signals were strong and dense. They were distributed mainly above the nucleus and near the cell surface membrane. ET-1 mRNA positive hybridization signal was not seen in the myometrium of uterine tube.CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that epithelial cells of rabbit's uterine tube epithelial cells secrete ET-1.