Professor LiU Tong-hua emphasizes on body constitution be combined to perform syndrome differentiation when diagnosing and treating diabetic nephropathy.Besides,he insists prevention,early detection,early treatmenL diet regulation and exercise therapy shouId also be paid attention.Professor Liu USeS traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine to delay the progress of this diseasc and achieve obvious tllerapeutic effects.

BACKGROUND: Compared with ordinary preparation, nano-drug carriers have the advantages of prolonged drug effects, increased therapeutic effects and small toxicity. However, reports concerning the application of nanoparticles, nano-liposomes, polymer micelles, nano-smart drug, polymer nano-body medicine, Dendrimers and other nanoscale drug carriers are few. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the characteristics, types and preparation methods of nano-drug carriers, and to elucidate its research progress. METHODS: The Medline database was searched by computer with key words of "Nano-drug carriers, nanoparticles,nano-liposomes, clinical application" to find literatures published between January 1991 to December 2009, and the language was limited to English. Simultaneously, articles published from January 1994 to December 2009 were searched in Chinese Journal Full-text database with the same key words,and thelanguage was limited to Chinese.Inclusion criteria: ①Articles are closely related to the research of nano-drug carrier. ②Related researches published on core journals in the lates years were preferential in selection.Exclusion criteria: ①Repeatability study. ②Meta analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 360 documents were seized by primary screen, finally 28 sub-standard literatures entered further analysis, including 25 reviews and 3 clinical or basic experiments. The nano-drug carriers are characterized by specificity, targeting, accurate and absorbable, which can be used in preventing and curing disease. The combination of nano carriers and specific drugs can promote the development of nano-biotechnology, and provide a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To discuss the situation and the rationality of antibiotics use in general surgery during perioperative period.Method:311 cases of patients used antibiotics during Perioperative period was retrospectively analyzed.Results:Antibiotics was used in 308 patients.Of all antibiotics used,202 patients received antibiotics in two hours before the operation.Quinolones were used most frequently,nitroimidazoles were the second,then were cephalosporins.64.3% of patients received single antibiotics treatment,and 37.4% and 1.0% of all patients received 2 and 3 kinds of antibiotics combined therapy respectively.24.4% of the patients were treated with antibiotics formore than 7 days.Conclusions:It is common that antibiotics are used to prophylacte surgical infection in general surgery.It is important to strengthen the management of antibiotics use during perioperative period.

Objective To observe the curative effect of olanzapine combined with sulpiride for patients with schizophrenia.Methods From April 2013 to April 2015,156 cases of patients with schizophrenia were selected as the research object.All patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group,78 cases in each group.The observation group received olanzapine combined with sulphide in the treatment,the control group was given the olanzapine in the treatment of patients,observed the therapeutic effect of the two groups.Results After treatment,the BPRS score of the observation group was significantly relieved compared to the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).After treatment,the adverse reactions of the two groups were significantly less than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the two groups were treated with 38.46％ (30/78),significantly higher than the control group of 23.08％ (18/78);the observation group was 2.56％ (2/78),significantly lower than the control group 11.54％ (9/78),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Olanzapine combined with sulpiride for schizophrenic patients has better clinical curative effect,reduce the probability of the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Objective To study the clinical effect of laparoscopy-assisted improved Soave operation for treating neonatal congeni-tal megacolon .Methods 68 cases of neonatal congenital megacolon treated in our hospital from March 2010 to July 2013 were di-vided into 2 groups .The treatment group(34 cases) was performed the laparoscopy-assisted improved Soave operation after the sys-tematic examinations ,while the control group(34 cases) was given the conventional operation therapy .The postoperative curative effects were observed and compared between the two groups .Results The effects of intraoperative bleeding amount ,operative time and the pain score in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group with statistical difference between the two group(P<0 .05);the postoperative hospital stay ,postoperative intestinal peristalsis recovery time and fasting time in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group with statistical difference between the two group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Laparo-scope-assisted improved Soave operation has better effect for treating neonatal congenital megacolon and should be widely used in clinic .

The procedure of geriatric rehabilitation should consist of function assessment and treatment.Geriatric function assessment covers three levels:impairment,activity limitation and participation restriction.The most important goals of geriatric rehabilitation are to improve the older patients' activity of daily living,keep their independence,and finally to improve their quality of live.

The significance and principles of comprehensive evaluation system which is configurated for large medical equipment were discussed in this paper.Through literature analysis and Delphi method and questionnaire,comprehensive evaluation index and the corresponding weights were fixed.And the comprehensive evaluation system was designed in order to provide guidance for investment decision-making and scientific management.The data of the comprehensive evaluation system should be improved and perfect in practice.

Objective To study the effect of maternal hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy on brain development of the neonates. Methods Insular area,circle and cerebral gyri width of lobus frontals were measured in 56 neonates of the mothers with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP)by ultrasound and were compared with those of 53 neonates of the mothers without HDCP(control group). Results In the control group,the cerebral gyri width of term neonates was narrower than that of preterm neonates,while the insular circle was longer and the insular area was larger in the term neonates(P<0.01).Insular circle was significantly shorter and the insular area was significantly smaller in neonates of HDCP mothers [term:(87.43±10.21)mm,(413.60±90.05)mm2;preterm:(72.59±7.50)mm,(285.71±48.62)mm2]than those of the corresponding neonates in the control group[term:(102.14±9.97)mm,(557.08±98.89)mm2:preterm:(78.42±10.14)mm,(356.01±93.07)mm2].Cerebral gyri width were significantly wider only in the full term neonates.The incidence of small gestational age neonates was 30.36%(17/56)in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy group.The neonatal behavioral neurological score of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy group was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.01). ConclusionsMaternal hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy may result in poor development of brain of their neonates,which could be evaluated by cerebral ultrasound.

Objective To investigate the function of entecavir to γ‐interferon induced monokine(Mig) for chronic hepatitis B pa‐tients .Methods The 40 cases of chronic hepatitis B patients were treated with entecavir tablet .The Mig level were detected by ELISA in 40 patients in the time before and after treatment of 12 weeks and 24 weeks ;HBsAg ,HBeAg level were analyzed by using electrochemiluminescence and HBV‐DNA was tested by using real‐time quantitative PCR (FQ‐PCR) .Results Mig and HBsAg , HBeAg ,HBV DNA levels were significantly lower than before treatment in the 40 patients(P< 0 .05) .Compared with those in the time of 12 weeks after treatment ,those indexes after treatment 24 weeks were significantly decreased(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Ente‐cavir treatment can reduce the level of Mig ,HBsAg and HBeAg ,HBV DNA ,and help to control disease progression in chronic hep‐atitis B .

The Author discussed some concerns and detailed thoughts that have been integrated into 8-year medical training program by using problem-based learning(PBL)method in the Biochemistry teaching.PBL is an effective method in stimulating the enthusiasm of learning,fostering the ability of problem-asking and-solving,and thus a worthwhile approach to be further carried out in high-level medical education of China.