AIM We found in experiment that the relation of cell number-OD in MTS cytotoxicity assay is non-linearity. In this paper we probe into the relations of cell number-OD and drug dose-inhibition rate. METHODS Cells HL-60 and Raji were used in this experiment. Assay on the relation of cell number-OD: Cells of different concentrations were seeded into 96 well plates. OD was read at 490 nm after incubating with MTS for 1～5 hour. The regression curves were estimated from the data with the software SPSS 11.0. Cytotoxicity assay: Cells were seeded into 96 well plate and incubated with drug of different doses for 72 hours. OD was read at 490 nm after incubating with MTS for 3 hour. The regression curves were estimated from the data with the software SPSS 11.0. RESULTS The cubic curves fit well the relations of cell number-OD of the 2 strains of cells at 5 time points and the coefficient R2 of these cubic curves is 0.997～1.000, greater than the R2 0.938～0.993 of linear model. For the relations of dose-inhibition rate, the cubic curves also have best fitness and their R2 is 0.998～1.000 greater than the R2 0.948～0.987 of linear model of logarithm dose-probit. CONCLUSION For the relations of cell number-OD in MTS cytotoxicity assay, the fitness of cubic curves are better than the linear model. A more accurate IC 50 would be obtained by the cubic curve equation than by probit regression that is in common use.

Objective: To study the inhibitory action of Jiangru Power on rat prolactinoma induced by diethylstilbestrol.Methods: Prolactinoma Rat models were prepared by embedding estrogen subcutaneously.Then they were randomly divided into three groups,respectively given intragastric administration of placebo,Jiangru Power and Norprolac.After four weeks of treatment,all the animals were executed.Each pituitary gland was weighed.Serum prolactin(PRL) levels were measured by RIA method.Pituitary tumor transformed gene(PTTG) mRNA levels in pituitary tissue were measured by RT-PCR method.Results: The weight of pituitary gland and serum PRL level in Jiangru Power or Norprolac group all were obviously lower than those in placebo group(P

Clinical, neuroimaging, and pathologic studies suggested that a variety of nonmotor symptoms, such as olfactory dysfunction, dysautonomia, and mood and sleep disorders, can precede the typic motor features of Parkinson disease (PD) by years and, perhaps, even decades. The period when these symptoms arise can be referred as the premotor phase of the disease. This paper reviewed the conception, clinical manifestation, pathology, diogose of the premotor phase of early Parkinson disease.

Treatment with traditional Chinese medicinal composite is one of the most important characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Studying material base of TCM composite and its mechanism is a key to modernizing the industry of Chinese medicinal herbs. The research for TCM composite can be carried out from many different angles, including multiple components, multiple actions, multiple levels and multiple targets. Such a way to study TCM composite will be beneficial to improving the theory of TCM composite, guiding clinical administration and developing new products.

Objective:To study the effect of exendin-4 on weight reduction in normal rats after long-term subcutaneous injection.Methods:40 Wistar rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups and were injected subcutaneously with 0,1,5,25 ?g/kg exendin-4 for 26 weeks.Body weight,food intake,cholesterol,triglyceride,kidney fat pad weight and diameter of adipocytes were measured.Results:Body weight,kidney fat pad weight and serum tricyleride in 25?g/kg group were significantly lower than that in control group(P

Objective To discuss color Doppler uhrasonographic (CDU) grading of varicocele (VC) in predicting the changes of the fertility index (FI) after varicocelectomy.Methods One hundred and fifty-one patients with VC were diagnosed and graded by CDU.All patients were grouped by the regurgitant volume and the maximum diameter of pampiniform plexus veins(PPV).The relation between the regurgitant volume and the maximum diameter of PPV and the changes of the FI after varicocelectomy was analyzed.Results The pathological regurgitation could be detected when the PPV diameter > 1.5 mm.The positive correlation was observed between the regurgitant volume and the diameter of PPV (r = 0.89, P <0.01).The pre- and postoperative FIs were extremely significant difference in regurgitation grade Ⅱ and regurgitation grade Ⅲ (P < 0.01) but not significant difference in regurgitation grade Ⅰ (P>0.05).The pre- and postoperative FIs were no significant difference in the group with the PPV diameter ≤ 2.0 mm (P > 0.05), but statistically significant difference in the groups with the diameters 2.1-2.5 mm and 2.6-3.0 mm (0.01 < P <0.05).FIs in the group with the diameter > 3.0 mm exhibited extremely significant difference after varicocelectomy (P < 0.01).Conclusions CDU grading of VC could be used to predict the changes of seminal quality after varicocelectomy.Varicocelectomy isn't necessary to the patients with VC that the PPV diameter ≤ 2.0 mm or pathological regurgitation being detected only on Valsalva maneuver.

Objective To investigate the dependability between ultrasonic appearances of different degree of acute testicular hemodynamic disorder and contralateral testicular damage.Methods Thirty two white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups.Group A-C were subjected to testicular ischemia and color Doppler sonography were continuoully performed in each case.The testes were reperfused when the ultrasonic appearances were as follows:homogeneous appearance with reducing of blood perfusion(group A),increased echogenicity and heterogeneity with little blood perfusion(group B).inhomogeneous appearance with small pieces of low echogenic areas and no blood perfusion(group C).Group D was the control group.Histologic structure changes of contralateral testes were observed after reperfusion for a month.The contralateral testes in all the cases underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)before reperfusion of unilateral testes.Results CEUS time-intensity curve of contralateral testes showed no statistical significance between the four groups(P＞0.05).Focal and mild pathological and ultrastructural changes were observed in contralateral testes in group A-C.But Johnsen score showed no statistical significance between the control group and group A-C(P＞0.05).The total number of appotosis cells per 100 seminiferous tubules in group B(38.75±8.88)were significantly more than the control group(18.63±3.81)as well as group A(20.50±6.12)and group C(18.00±4.47)(P＜0.001),but there were no statistical significances between group A,group C and the control group(P＞0.05).Conclusions Ultrasonic appearances of acute testicular hemodynamic disorder are help for the prediction of contralateral testicular damage.As blood flow in contralateral testes were unaffected after acute testicular hemodynamic disorder,it seems to have no role in contralateral testicular damage.

Objective To detect high-frequency ultrasound and clinical features of acute scrotum in children. Methods High-frequency ultrasound and clinical manifestations of 112 children with acute scrotum were analyzed and compared with the final diagnosis and therapeutic regimen.Results Torsion of appendage with uneven echo nodular near the upper pole of testis or head of epididymis, accompanying secondary reactive inflammation or not were detected in 65 children. Complete testicular torsion was found in 21 children who had the whirlpool sign and absent flow in the affected testicle. There was incomplete torsion in 4 patients with winding courser sign and some flow with low resistant index. Flow increased in 22 children with acute epididymo-orchitis, except 1 with suppurative orchitis. The ultrasonic diagnose accordance rate was about 98.21% (110/112). The clinical manifestations of acute scrotum had some characteristics though partial overlapping exited. Fifteen children with torsion of appendage, 25 with complete torsion and 1 with acute orchitis received operation, and the other received expectant treatment.Conclusion The objective and precise emergency ultrasonic diagnosis combined with the overall and profound analysis of related clinical data may provide important information for the diagnosis and treatment of acute scrotum in children.

Objective To probe the value of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) in differential diagnosis of the pure mucinous adenocarcinoma of breast (PMAB) and adenofibroma of breast (AFB).Methods Twenty-five cases of PMAB and 30 cases AFB were examined by CDU. The sonographic appearance, interior and peripheral blood flow distribution and Doppler frequency of the tumors were observed and analyzed. The results of the diagnoses of CDU and the pathologies were compared. Results The diagnostic rates of PMAB and AFB by CDU were 76.0% and 93.3%, respectively. The clear peplos was observed in 90% of AFB, and internal even echoes. Yet no peplos was observed in PMAB, and the internal echoes of most PMAB were confused and disordered. The detection rate of Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ stage blood flow in adenofibroma of breast was only 40% and that of Ⅰ ～ Ⅲ stage blood flow in PMAB was high to 76%.The detection rate of blood flow stage and the resistant index (RI) of the blood flow frequency spectrum of PMAB and AFB were significantly different. Conclusions CDU has significant clinical value in differential diagnosis of pure mucinous adenocarcinoma and adenofibroma of breast.

Objective To probe the clinical diagnosis value of high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) in thyroglossal duct cyst(TDC). Methods Forty-one TDC were taken HFUS and the location, boundary,shape,interal echo of lesions and the relation to hyoid bone were observed. The periphery and internal blood flow signal were detected by color Doppler flow imaging. The results of HFUS were compared with those of pathology after operation. The cases were divided into groups according to pathological types and were compared with acoustic image shows. Results All cases were diagnosed TDC by pathology after operation. Internal walls of 9 TDC consist of cilium columnar epithelium, 19 consist of stratified pavement epithelium and 13 consist of this two epitheliums. HFUS showed different pathological types had different ultrasonic appearances. In this study, 77.8%(7/9) TDC with columnar epithelium showed echoless,84.2 (16/19) TDC with pavement epithelium showed similar solid echopattern and TDC with two epitheliums mainly showed similar solid echopattern and multi-room cyst. Hyperechogenicity of hyoid bone displayed around the lesion in 80.5%(33/41)TDC. No blood flow signal showed in 41 TDC and a little punctiform blood flow signal showed in the periphery of 5 TDC. The diagnose accordance rate of HFUS in TDC was 95.1%(39/41). Conclusions HFUS can clearly show the location, boundary, shape,interal echo of TDC and its relation to hyoid bone. HFUS is important for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TDC.