With the application of gene editing in medical treatment,food engineering,environmental protection,agriculture and forestry,it gives rise to a wide range of potential social risks.Both the advanced aspects and defects of this technology bring complicated social conflicts.It is undoubtedly crucial to coordinate the conflict of interests of all parties,improve the legal system and avoid the harmfulness and blindness of gene editing.Meanwhile,only that the ethical,legal and social concerns are introduced will govern the technical risk as a necessary condition in order to attain a virtuous cycle of technological improvement and social prosperity.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of postoperative chemotherapy in patients with early-stage pulmonary large cell neu-roendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) after resection. Methods:A cohort of 50 patients who underwent resection and systematic nodal dissection for LCNEC between January 2008 and December 2014 in our institution was retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into adjuvant chemotherapy group (32 cases) and non-chemotherapy group (18 cases). Follow-up information was investigated. Results:The median survival and the 5-year survival rate were 48 months and 72.5%for the adjuvant chemotherapy group whereas 29 months and 35.6%for the non-adjuvant chemotherapy group, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox's proportional hazard models showed that postoperative chemotherapy was a signifi cant prognostic factor for OS (P=0.005;hazard ratio=0.281, P=0.008, respectively). Conclusion:Postoperative chemotherapy is beneficial to patients with early-stage pulmonary LCNEC after complete resection.

Objective To establish a determination method of phthalates in the drinking water used to monitor the pollution level of phthalates in the drinking water of Beijing. Methods 23 samples from drinking water plants in Beijing were determinated by GC-MS, using selective ion mode (SIM)with high sensitivity and internal standard quantitation method with high accuracy. Results In all samples, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was detected out and the highest concentration was 24.5 ?g/L, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was detected out in 7 samples and the highest concentration was 11.1 ?g/L, The other 3 kinds of phthalate were not detected out. The detection limit of DEHP and DOP was 8.0 ?g/L, DMP, DEP, DBP was 0.3 ?g/L, The recovery rate were 71.7%-96.0%, RSD were 2.8%-9.0%. Conclusion The main pollutants of phthalates are DEHP and DBP in drinking water of Beijing, GC-MS is suitable for determination of phthalates in drinking water.

OBJECTIVE:To promote the computerized management of drug database.METHODS:The function of drug database software development system(SDS)developed by the co-efforts of pharmacy department and information center in our hospital was introduced.RESULTS:With hospital information system,the software can conduct statistics and queries of patients’drug database information at any time.CONCLUSION:The computerized management of drug database can provide prompt and efficient data support for rational drug administration and which is in the benefit of the development of clinical pharmacy work.

Objective To investigate the expression of phosphorylation-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) in endometrial carcinoma. Methods The expressions of p-mTOR protein in tissues from 45 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma, 7 endometrial atypical hyperplasia, and 6 normal endometrium were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method. Results The expression of p-mTOR protein maily restricted to cytoplasm. Compared with normal endometrium, the expression of p-mTOR protein in the cases of endometrial atypical hyperplasia and endometrial adenocarcinoma was significantly up-regulation(2.36 ± 0.76vs 6.21 ± 1.19, 15.82 ± 2.64)( F = 11.37, P ＜ 0.05 ). There was significant difference of p-mTOR protein in different histology class in endometrial adenocarcinoma (F = 8.27, P ＜ 0.05), but there was no significant difference of p-mTOR protein in different pathological grade in endometrial adenocarcinoma (P ＞0.05).Conclusion The expression of p-mTOR protein may participate in the occurrence and development of endometrial carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in adenosqua-mous carcinoma (ASC) of the lung after resection. Methods:Clinical data of patients suffering from ASC and receiving EGFR-TKI treat-ment at one institution between January 2006 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Results:A total of 27 EGFR muta-tion-positive patients with ASC subjected to EGFR-TKI therapy were enrolled in this study. EGFR mutations included deletion in exon 19 in 15 cases and point mutation at codon 858 in exon 21 in 12 cases. Of the 27 ASC patients who received EGFR-TKI treatment, 9 exhibit-ed a partial response and 11 manifested a stable disease, and these patients accounted for a disease control rate of 74.1%(20/27). The median overall survival (OS), median progression-free survival, and median relapse OS of the EGFR mutation-positive patients who underwent TKI therapy were 39 months [95%confidence interval (CI)=25.6-52.4], 15 months (95%CI=12.9-17.1), and 19 months (95%CI=0.9-37.1), respectively. The 3-and 5-year survival rates of these patients after operation were 51.9%and 15.3%, respectively. Con-clusion:The survival of EGFR mutation-positive ASC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs was satisfactory. EGFR testing was recommended for ASCs and EGFR-TKI treatment was suitable for ASCs with EGFR-sensitizing mutation.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic factors and survival of patients with combined small cell lung cancer (C-SCLC) after they underwent complete resection. Methods:The clinical records of C-SCLC patients who were subjected to complete resection and systematic nodal dissection in one institution between January 2010 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Results:Sev-enty-eight patients with histologically diagnosed C-SCLC were identified. The most common combined component was large cell neuro-endocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) (n=42), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n=18), adenocarcinoma (AC) (n=10), and adenosqua-mous carcinoma (ASC) (n=8). The overall survival (OS) rate of the entire cohort was 39.1%. Multivariate analyses using Cox's propor-tional hazard models revealed that size [<3 cm vs.>3 cm;hazard ratio (HR)=0.406;95%confidence interval (CI)=0.202-0.816;P=0.011], performance status (<2 vs.>2;HR=0.113;95%CI=0.202-0.631;P=0.013), combined non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) components (LCNEC vs. non-LCNEC, HR=3.00;95%CI=0.096-0.483;P<0.001), stage Ⅲ A vs.Ⅰ;HR=0.195, 95%CI:0.063-0.602;P=0.004) and adju-vant therapy (yes vs. no, HR=0.402;95%CI=0.195-0.831;P=0.014) were significant prognostic factors of OS. Conclusion:The mixed NSCLC components within C-SCLC significantly influence survival. Adjuvant therapy is beneficial for patients with complete resection of C-SCLC.

Objective To assess the efficacy and the optimum dose of recombinant human ery- thropoietin(rhEpo) in the treatment of the anemia of premature.Methods 40 preterm infants with less than 35 weeks of gestational age and less than 2000gin of birth weight were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous rhEpo 150U?kg~(-1)?t~(-1)(n=10) 250U?kg~(-1)?t~(-1)(n=15),three times weekly for 6 weeks,or no treatment(control,n=15).Results Postnatal decline of hemoglobin(Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) were lessened in the treated groups,particularly in the rhEpo 250U?kg~(-1)?t~(-1)group; and there were significant differences in each groups by analysis of variance(all P0.05).Serum iron dropped,more significantly in the treated groups than in control group (all P0.05).After treatment,serum levels of erythropoietin was higher in rhEpo 250U?kg~(-1), t~(-1) group than in both rhEpo 150U?kg~(-1)?t~(-1) and control groups (P0.05).No side effects related to rhEpo therapy were observed.Conclusious RhEpo therapy for premature infants is effective and dose-dependent.Therapy is more efficient when given in high dose.It can reduce or replace the need for blood transfusion.

Objective:To appraise the current situation and the developmental trend of antidepressant drugs in our hospital.Method:The antidepressant drugs in our hospital during 2004-2007 were analyzed retrospectively in terms of drug varieties,consumption quantity,consumption sum,DDDs,daily cost,etc.Result:The consumption sum and DDDs of the antidepressant drugs increased but their daily cost decreased.The consumption sum of the antidepressant drugs decreased in 2006 because of the measure of the drug proportion control.Conclusion:Paroxetine and fluoxetine dominates the first place in terms of clinical application of antidepressants.Furthermore,the application of the new type of antidepressants has been on the rise.

The new ultrasound device, automated breast ultrasound (ABUS), has the advantages of repeatable reading of standardized whole breast images, and can separate ultrasound scanning and diagnosis. ABUS is more suitable for breast ultrasound training. This study compared the breast ultrasound imaging training model with ABUS diagnosis practice as the core and the traditional breast ultrasound imaging training model with handhold ultrasound operation and diagnosis as the core, and found that the new training model with ABUS diagnosis practice as the core had a short training period. The diagnostic level of doctors have improved rapidly, and the new training model could efficiently train more technically qualified ultrasound doctors for breast disease.